Collimated beam tests: Their limitations for assessing wastewater disinfectability by UV, and a proposal for an additional evaluation parameter

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 265-270

  Gehr, R ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Collimated beam; Energy factor; Ultraviolet disinfection

Indexed keywords

EQUATIONS OF STATE; LIGHT TRANSMISSION; OPTICAL COLLIMATORS; PARAMETER ESTIMATION; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

COLLIMATED BEAMS; DISINFECTABILITY; ENERGY FACTORS; MICROJOULES; MOROWITZ EQUATION; ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION;

WASTEWATER TREATMENT;

EID: 38549083154     PISSN: 14962551     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/S06-032     Document Type: Article

References (11)

1. APHA, AWWA, and WEF 1998. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed. Washington, D.C.
2. Bolton, J.R., and Linden, K.G. 2003. Standardization of methods for fluence (UV dose) determination in bench-scale UV experiments. J. Environ. Eng. 129(3): 209-215.
3. Bolton, J.R., and Linden, K.G. 2005. Discussion of and Closure to "Standardized collimated beam testing protocol for water/wastewater ultraviolet disinfection" by Jeff Kuo, Ching-lin Chen, and Margaret Nellor. J. Environ. Eng., ASCE, 131(5): 827-829.
4. Chevrefils, G., Caron, É., Wright, H., Sakamoto, G., Payment, P., Barbeau, B., and Cairns, B. 2006. UV dose required to achieve incremental log inactivation of bacteria, protozoa and viruses. IUVA News, 8(1): 38-45.
5. Gehr, R., and Wright, H. 1998. UV disinfection of wastewater coagulated with ferric chloride: recalcitrance and fouling problems. Water Sci. Techol. 38(3): 15-23.
6. Hijnen, W.A.M., Beerendonk, E.F, and Medema, G.J. 2006. Inactivation credit of UV radiation for viruses, bacteria and protozoan (oo)cysts in water: a review. Water Res. 40: 3-22.
7. Kuo, J., Chen, C., and Nellor, M. 2003. Standardized collimated beam testing protocol for water/wastewater ultraviolet disinfection. J. Environ. Eng. 129(8): 774-779.
8. Kuo, J., Chen, C., and Nellor, M. 2005. Closure to "Standardized collimated beam testing protocol for water/wastewater ultraviolet disinfection". J. Environ. Eng., ASCE, 131(5): 828-829.
9. Morowitz, H.J. 1950. Absorption effects in volume irradiation of microorganisms. Science, 111: 229-230.
10. Qualls, R.G., and Johnson, J.D. 1983. Bioassay and dose measurements in UV disinfection. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 43: 740.
11. Wright, H. 2000. Comparison and validation of UV dose calculations for low- and medium-pressure mercury arc lamps. Water Environ. Res. 72(4): 439-443.