메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 278-289

IACUC issues associated with amphibian research

Author keywords

Amphibian; Education; IACUC; Occupational; Research; Stress; Zoonosis

Indexed keywords

AMPHIBIA; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL WELFARE; EDUCATION; LABORATORY PERSONNEL; LEGAL ASPECT; METHODOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGY; OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH; RESEARCH; REVIEW; STANDARD; STRESS; ZOONOSIS;

EID: 38449100841     PISSN: 10842020     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ilar.48.3.278     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (25)

References (68)
  • 2
    • 33644596807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASIH/HL/SSAR [The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists/The Herpetologist's League/The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, 2nd ed. Available online
    • ASIH/HL/SSAR [The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists/The Herpetologist's League/The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles]. 2004. Guidelines for Use of Live Amphibians and Reptiles in Field and Laboratory Research, 2nd ed. Available online (http://www.clemson.edu/research/orcSite/ARCforms/doc/ AmphibiansReptilesGuidelines.pdf).
    • (2004) Guidelines for Use of Live Amphibians and Reptiles in Field and Laboratory Research
  • 3
    • 0010442602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia
    • AVMA [American Veterinary Medical Association
    • AVMA [American Veterinary Medical Association]. 2000. Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2185:669-696.
    • (2000) J Am Vet Med Assoc , vol.2185 , pp. 669-696
  • 4
    • 85036873626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AWA [Animal Welfare Act, 2002. AWA regulations, CFR, Title 9 (Animals and animal products, Chapter 1 (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture, Subchapter A Animal Welfare, Parts 1-4
    • AWA [Animal Welfare Act]. 2002. AWA regulations, CFR, Title 9 (Animals and animal products), Chapter 1 (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture). Subchapter A (Animal Welfare), Parts 1-4.
  • 5
    • 15044346469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bender JB, and the National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians, Inc (NASPHV). 2005. Compendium of measures to prevent disease associated with animals in public settings. MMWR Recomm Rep 54(RR-4):1-12. Available online (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5404a1.htm).
    • Bender JB, and the National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians, Inc (NASPHV). 2005. Compendium of measures to prevent disease associated with animals in public settings. MMWR Recomm Rep 54(RR-4):1-12. Available online (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5404a1.htm).
  • 6
    • 0033002686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlamydia pneumoniae in a free-ranging giant barred frog (Mixophyes iterates) from Australia
    • Berger L, Volp K, Mathews S, Speare R, Timms P. 1999. Chlamydia pneumoniae in a free-ranging giant barred frog (Mixophyes iterates) from Australia. J Clin Micro 37:2376-2380.
    • (1999) J Clin Micro , vol.37 , pp. 2376-2380
    • Berger, L.1    Volp, K.2    Mathews, S.3    Speare, R.4    Timms, P.5
  • 7
    • 0035989126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular evidence to support the expansion of the hostrange of Chamydophila pneumoniae to include reptiles as well as humans, horses, koalas, and amphibians
    • Bodetti TJ, Jacobsen E, Wan C, Hafner L, Pospischil A, Rose K, Timms P. 2002. Molecular evidence to support the expansion of the hostrange of Chamydophila pneumoniae to include reptiles as well as humans, horses, koalas, and amphibians. Sys Appl Microbiol 25:146-152.
    • (2002) Sys Appl Microbiol , vol.25 , pp. 146-152
    • Bodetti, T.J.1    Jacobsen, E.2    Wan, C.3    Hafner, L.4    Pospischil, A.5    Rose, K.6    Timms, P.7
  • 8
    • 0642274756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish research and the institutional animal care and use committee
    • Borski RJ, Hodson RG. 2003. Fish research and the institutional animal care and use committee. ILAR J 44:286-294.
    • (2003) ILAR J , vol.44 , pp. 286-294
    • Borski, R.J.1    Hodson, R.G.2
  • 9
    • 33744530013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognizing pain in exotic animals
    • Bradley T. 2001. Recognizing pain in exotic animals. Exotics DVM 3:21-26.
    • (2001) Exotics DVM , vol.3 , pp. 21-26
    • Bradley, T.1
  • 10
    • 0032112030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of reptilian and amphibian veterinarians guidelines for reducing risk of transmission of Salmonella spp from reptiles to humans
    • Bradley T, Angulo FJ, Raiti P. 1998. Association of reptilian and amphibian veterinarians guidelines for reducing risk of transmission of Salmonella spp from reptiles to humans. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 213:51-52.
    • (1998) J Am Vet Med Assoc , vol.213 , pp. 51-52
    • Bradley, T.1    Angulo, F.J.2    Raiti, P.3
  • 11
    • 33745591700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked swelling with coalescing ecchymoses of the lower mandible in a Xenopus laevis frog
    • Cannon CZ, Linder K, Brizuela BJ, Harvey SB. 2006. Marked swelling with coalescing ecchymoses of the lower mandible in a Xenopus laevis frog. Lab Anim (NY) 35:19-22.
    • (2006) Lab Anim (NY) , vol.35 , pp. 19-22
    • Cannon, C.Z.1    Linder, K.2    Brizuela, B.J.3    Harvey, S.B.4
  • 12
    • 85036878622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cassidy BS. 2006. One Frog, Two Fish, Red Leg, Few Fish: Stress in the Aquatic Animal's Ecosystem. Animal Lab News Jan/Feb online Viacon Publishing, Inc.
    • Cassidy BS. 2006. One Frog, Two Fish, Red Leg, Few Fish: Stress in the Aquatic Animal's Ecosystem. Animal Lab News Jan/Feb online Viacon Publishing, Inc.
  • 13
    • 85036889600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCAC [Canadian Council on Animal Care, Available online
    • CCAC [Canadian Council on Animal Care]. 2005. CCAC Species-Specific Recommendations on: Amphibians and Reptiles. Available online (http://www.ccac.ca/en/CCAC_Programs/Guidelines_Policies/GDLINES/ AmphibiansReptiles.htm).
    • (2005) CCAC Species-Specific Recommendations on: Amphibians and Reptiles
  • 14
    • 85036889658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CITES [Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora]. 2006. Appendices I, II, III. CITES official website (www.cites.org), maintained by CITES Secretariat.
    • CITES [Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora]. 2006. Appendices I, II, III. CITES official website (www.cites.org), maintained by CITES Secretariat.
  • 16
    • 21744448594 scopus 로고
    • Amphibian medicine
    • Kirk RW, Bonagura JD, eds, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. p
    • Crawshaw GJ. 1992a. Amphibian medicine. In: Kirk RW, Bonagura JD, eds. Current Veterinary Therapy XI: Small Animal Practice. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. p 1219-1230.
    • (1992) Current Veterinary Therapy XI: Small Animal Practice , pp. 1219-1230
    • Crawshaw, G.J.1
  • 17
    • 0037839485 scopus 로고
    • Medicine and diseases of amphibians
    • Schaeffer DO, Kleinow KM, Krulisch L, eds, Bethesda: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare. p
    • Crawshaw GJ. 1992b. Medicine and diseases of amphibians. In: Schaeffer DO, Kleinow KM, Krulisch L, eds. The Care and Use of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Fish in Research. Bethesda: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare. p 41-48.
    • (1992) The Care and Use of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Fish in Research , pp. 41-48
    • Crawshaw, G.J.1
  • 18
    • 0017837406 scopus 로고
    • Snake-to-human transmission of Aeromonas (PI) shigelloides resulting in gastroenteritis
    • Davis WA, Chretien JH, Garagusi VF, Goldstein MA. 1978. Snake-to-human transmission of Aeromonas (PI) shigelloides resulting in gastroenteritis. S Med J 71:474-476.
    • (1978) S Med J , vol.71 , pp. 474-476
    • Davis, W.A.1    Chretien, J.H.2    Garagusi, V.F.3    Goldstein, M.A.4
  • 19
    • 85036903552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DeNardo D. 1995. Amphibians as laboratory animals. ILAR J 37, available online (www.national-academies.org/ilar).
    • DeNardo D. 1995. Amphibians as laboratory animals. ILAR J Vol 37, available online (www.national-academies.org/ilar).
  • 20
    • 85036862166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESA [Endangered Species Act] as amended. 1973. PL 93-205, 16 U.S.C. 1530-1534. FASS [Federation of Animal Science Societies, 1999. Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. Savoy IL: Federation of Animal Science Societies
    • ESA [Endangered Species Act] as amended. 1973. PL 93-205, 16 U.S.C. 1530-1534. FASS [Federation of Animal Science Societies]. 1999. Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. Savoy IL: Federation of Animal Science Societies.
  • 21
    • 0042992211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selected zoonoses
    • Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds, 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press. p
    • Fox JG, Newcomer CE, Rozmiarek H. 2002. Selected zoonoses. In: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. Laboratory Animal Medicine. 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press. p 1059-1105.
    • (2002) Laboratory Animal Medicine , pp. 1059-1105
    • Fox, J.G.1    Newcomer, C.E.2    Rozmiarek, H.3
  • 22
    • 2342453895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of water hardness on oocyte quality and embryo development in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
    • Godfrey RC, Sanders EW. 2004. Effect of water hardness on oocyte quality and embryo development in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Comp Med 54:170-175.
    • (2004) Comp Med , vol.54 , pp. 170-175
    • Godfrey, R.C.1    Sanders, E.W.2
  • 23
    • 0036670177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting oogenesis in the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
    • Green SL. 2002. Factors affecting oogenesis in the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Comp Med 52:307-312.
    • (2002) Comp Med , vol.52 , pp. 307-312
    • Green, S.L.1
  • 24
    • 0042318836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion: Postoperative analgesics in South African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) after surgical harvest of oocytes
    • Green SL. 2003. Opinion: Postoperative analgesics in South African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) after surgical harvest of oocytes. Comp Med 53:244-247.
    • (2003) Comp Med , vol.53 , pp. 244-247
    • Green, S.L.1
  • 25
    • 0037297125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidiosis associated with emaciation and proliferative gastritis in a laboratory-reared South African clawed frog
    • Green SL, Bouley DM, Josling CA, Fayer R. 2003. Cryptosporidiosis associated with emaciation and proliferative gastritis in a laboratory-reared South African clawed frog. Comp Med 53:81-84.
    • (2003) Comp Med , vol.53 , pp. 81-84
    • Green, S.L.1    Bouley, D.M.2    Josling, C.A.3    Fayer, R.4
  • 26
    • 0034510037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease attributed to Mycobacterium chelonae in South African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis)
    • Green SL, Lifland BD, Bouley DM, Brown BA, Wallace RJ, Ferrell JE. 2000. Disease attributed to Mycobacterium chelonae in South African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis). Comp Med 50:675-679.
    • (2000) Comp Med , vol.50 , pp. 675-679
    • Green, S.L.1    Lifland, B.D.2    Bouley, D.M.3    Brown, B.A.4    Wallace, R.J.5    Ferrell, J.E.6
  • 27
    • 16544377166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An introduction to the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)
    • Gresens J. 2004. An introduction to the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). Lab Anim (NY) 33:41-47.
    • (2004) Lab Anim (NY) , vol.33 , pp. 41-47
    • Gresens, J.1
  • 28
    • 0036106779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parachlamydiaceae: Potential emerging pathogens
    • Greub G, Raoult D. 2002. Parachlamydiaceae: Potential emerging pathogens. Emerg Infect Dis 8:625-630.
    • (2002) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.8 , pp. 625-630
    • Greub, G.1    Raoult, D.2
  • 29
    • 85036891618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halliday TR. 1999. Amphibians. In: The UFAW Handbook on the Care & Management of Laboratory Animals. 2, 7th ed. Amphibious and Aquatic Vertebrates and Advanced Invertebrates. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. p 90-102.
    • Halliday TR. 1999. Amphibians. In: The UFAW Handbook on the Care & Management of Laboratory Animals. Vol 2, 7th ed. Amphibious and Aquatic Vertebrates and Advanced Invertebrates. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. p 90-102.
  • 30
    • 0346008052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zoonoses of occupational health importance in contemporary laboratory animal research
    • Hankenson FC, Johnston NA, Weigler BJ, DiGiacomo RF. 2003. Zoonoses of occupational health importance in contemporary laboratory animal research. Comp Med 53:579-601.
    • (2003) Comp Med , vol.53 , pp. 579-601
    • Hankenson, F.C.1    Johnston, N.A.2    Weigler, B.J.3    DiGiacomo, R.F.4
  • 31
    • 0021296894 scopus 로고
    • Pathology of naturally occurring chlamydiosis in African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis)
    • Howerth EW. 1984. Pathology of naturally occurring chlamydiosis in African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis). Vet Pathol 21:28-32.
    • (1984) Vet Pathol , vol.21 , pp. 28-32
    • Howerth, E.W.1
  • 32
    • 85036881541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRAC [Interagency Research Animal Committee]. 1985. U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrates Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training. Prepared by the Interagency Research Animal Committee, National Institutes of Health. Rockville: NIH.
    • IRAC [Interagency Research Animal Committee]. 1985. U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrates Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training. Prepared by the Interagency Research Animal Committee, National Institutes of Health. Rockville: NIH.
  • 33
    • 0035227713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish, amphibian, and reptile analgesia
    • Machin KM. 2001. Fish, amphibian, and reptile analgesia. Vet Clin N Am Exot Anim Pract 4:19-33.
    • (2001) Vet Clin N Am Exot Anim Pract , vol.4 , pp. 19-33
    • Machin, K.M.1
  • 34
    • 0005661253 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of hypothermia for anesthesia in reptiles and amphibians
    • and available online
    • Martin B. 1995. Evaluation of hypothermia for anesthesia in reptiles and amphibians. ILAR J 37:186-190 and available online (www.nationalacademies.org/ ilar).
    • (1995) ILAR J , vol.37 , pp. 186-190
    • Martin, B.1
  • 35
    • 3843060088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clarifying the effect of toe clipping on frogs with Bayesian statistics
    • McCarthy MA, Parris KM. 2004. Clarifying the effect of toe clipping on frogs with Bayesian statistics. J Appl Ecol 41:780-786.
    • (2004) J Appl Ecol , vol.41 , pp. 780-786
    • McCarthy, M.A.1    Parris, K.M.2
  • 38
    • 21144473378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A newly discovered mycobacterial pathogen isolated from laboratory colonies of Xenopus species with lethal infections produces a novel form of mycolactone, the Mycobacterium ulcerans macrolide toxin
    • Mve-Obiang A, Lee RE, Umstot ES, Trott KA, Grammer TC, Parker JM, Ranger BS, Grainger R, Mahrous EA, Small PL. 2005. A newly discovered mycobacterial pathogen isolated from laboratory colonies of Xenopus species with lethal infections produces a novel form of mycolactone, the Mycobacterium ulcerans macrolide toxin. Infect Immun 73:3307-3312.
    • (2005) Infect Immun , vol.73 , pp. 3307-3312
    • Mve-Obiang, A.1    Lee, R.E.2    Umstot, E.S.3    Trott, K.A.4    Grammer, T.C.5    Parker, J.M.6    Ranger, B.S.7    Grainger, R.8    Mahrous, E.A.9    Small, P.L.10
  • 39
    • 85036894681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nemetz TG, Shotts EB. 1993. Zoonotic diseases. In: Stoskopf MK, ed. Fish Medicine. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. p 214-220.
    • Nemetz TG, Shotts EB. 1993. Zoonotic diseases. In: Stoskopf MK, ed. Fish Medicine. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. p 214-220.
  • 40
    • 0020445398 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous and experimental infections of Xenopus laevis with Chlamydia psittaci
    • Newcomer CE, Anver MR, Simmons JL, Wilke BW, Nace GW. 1982. Spontaneous and experimental infections of Xenopus laevis with Chlamydia psittaci. Lab Anim Sci 32:680-686.
    • (1982) Lab Anim Sci , vol.32 , pp. 680-686
    • Newcomer, C.E.1    Anver, M.R.2    Simmons, J.L.3    Wilke, B.W.4    Nace, G.W.5
  • 41
    • 38449086836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphibian resources on the Internet
    • Nolan MW, Smith SA. 2007. Amphibian resources on the Internet. ILAR J 48:290-296.
    • (2007) ILAR J , vol.48 , pp. 290-296
    • Nolan, M.W.1    Smith, S.A.2
  • 42
    • 0038293976 scopus 로고
    • NRC [National Research Council, Care, and Management of Laboratory Animals. Washington DC: National Academy Press
    • NRC [National Research Council]. 1974. Amphibians: Guidelines for the Breeding, Care, and Management of Laboratory Animals. Washington DC: National Academy Press.
    • (1974) Amphibians: Guidelines for the Breeding
  • 43
    • 0003633755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NRC [National Research Council, 7th ed. Washington DC: National Academy Press
    • NRC [National Research Council]. 1996. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 7th ed. Washington DC: National Academy Press.
    • (1996) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
  • 45
    • 33750507149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OLAW/OER/NIH [Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare/Office of Extramural Research/National Institutes of Health, Available online on OER website
    • OLAW/OER/NIH [Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare/Office of Extramural Research/National Institutes of Health]. 2006. PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals: Frequently Asked Questions. Available online on OER website (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/faqs.htm#ref).
    • (2006) PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals: Frequently Asked Questions
  • 46
    • 0038484507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology and diseases of amphibians
    • Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds, 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press. p
    • O'Rourke DP, Schultz TW. 2002. Biology and diseases of amphibians. In:, Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. Laboratory Animal Medicine. 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press. p 793-826.
    • (2002) Laboratory Animal Medicine , pp. 793-826
    • O'Rourke, D.P.1    Schultz, T.W.2
  • 47
    • 0021115001 scopus 로고
    • Morphine-induced analgesia and explosive motor behavior in an amphibian
    • Pazalla PD. 1983. Morphine-induced analgesia and explosive motor behavior in an amphibian. Brain Res 273-297-305.
    • (1983) Brain Res 273-297-305
    • Pazalla, P.D.1
  • 48
    • 0344211923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern of Salmonella excretion in amphibians and reptiles in a vivarium
    • Pfleger S, Benyr G, Sommer R, Hassl A. 2003. Pattern of Salmonella excretion in amphibians and reptiles in a vivarium. Int J Hyg Environ Health 206:53-59.
    • (2003) Int J Hyg Environ Health , vol.206 , pp. 53-59
    • Pfleger, S.1    Benyr, G.2    Sommer, R.3    Hassl, A.4
  • 50
    • 0038600351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequently asked questions about the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
    • Potkay S, Garnett NL, Miller JG, Pond CL, Doyle DJ. 1997. Frequently asked questions about the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 36:47-50.
    • (1997) Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci , vol.36 , pp. 47-50
    • Potkay, S.1    Garnett, N.L.2    Miller, J.G.3    Pond, C.L.4    Doyle, D.J.5
  • 51
    • 0005641915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protozoa and metazoa infecting amphibians
    • Wright KM, Whitaker BR, eds, Malabar FL: Krieger Publishing Company. p
    • Poynton SL, Whitaker BR. 2002. Protozoa and metazoa infecting amphibians. In: Wright KM, Whitaker BR, eds. Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry. Malabar FL: Krieger Publishing Company. p 193-215.
    • (2002) Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry , pp. 193-215
    • Poynton, S.L.1    Whitaker, B.R.2
  • 52
    • 0027485664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raphael BL. 1993. Exotic pet medicine I. Amphibians. Vet Clin N Am Small Anim Pract 23:1271-1286.
    • Raphael BL. 1993. Exotic pet medicine I. Amphibians. Vet Clin N Am Small Anim Pract 23:1271-1286.
  • 53
    • 0034007971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in a breeding colony of African clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis)
    • Reed KD, Ruth GR, Meyer JA, Shukla SK. 2000. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in a breeding colony of African clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis). Emerging Inf Dis 6:196-199.
    • (2000) Emerging Inf Dis , vol.6 , pp. 196-199
    • Reed, K.D.1    Ruth, G.R.2    Meyer, J.A.3    Shukla, S.K.4
  • 56
    • 42549164394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kohn DF, Wixson SK, White WJ, Benson GJ, eds. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. San Diego: Academic Press. p
    • Schaeffer DO. 1997. Anesthesia and analgesia in nontraditional laboratory animal species. In: Kohn DF, Wixson SK, White WJ, Benson GJ, eds. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. San Diego: Academic Press. p 337-378.
    • (1997) Anesthesia and analgesia in nontraditional laboratory animal species , pp. 337-378
    • Schaeffer, D.O.1
  • 57
    • 0037316088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Housing and husbandry of Xenopus for oocyte production
    • Schultz TW, Dawson DA. 2003. Housing and husbandry of Xenopus for oocyte production. Lab Anim (NY) 32:34-39.
    • (2003) Lab Anim (NY) , vol.32 , pp. 34-39
    • Schultz, T.W.1    Dawson, D.A.2
  • 59
    • 0029001440 scopus 로고
    • Analgesia produced by immobilization stress and an enkephalinase inhibitor in amphibians
    • Stevens CW, Sangha S, Ogg B. 1995. Analgesia produced by immobilization stress and an enkephalinase inhibitor in amphibians. Pharm Biochem Behav 514:675-680.
    • (1995) Pharm Biochem Behav , vol.514 , pp. 675-680
    • Stevens, C.W.1    Sangha, S.2    Ogg, B.3
  • 60
    • 0033005610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of hypothermia-induced analgesia and influence of opioid antagonists in leopard frogs (Rana pipiens)
    • Suckow MA, Terril LA, Grigdesby CF, March PA. 1999. Evaluation of hypothermia-induced analgesia and influence of opioid antagonists in leopard frogs (Rana pipiens). Pharm Biochem Behav 63:39-43.
    • (1999) Pharm Biochem Behav , vol.63 , pp. 39-43
    • Suckow, M.A.1    Terril, L.A.2    Grigdesby, C.F.3    March, P.A.4
  • 63
    • 3042739430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a Mycobacterium ulcerans-like infection in a colony of African tropical clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis)
    • Trott KA, Stacy BA, Lifland BD, Diggs HE, Harland RM, Khokha MK, Grammer TC, Parker JM. 2004. Characterization of a Mycobacterium ulcerans-like infection in a colony of African tropical clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis). Comp Med 54:309-317.
    • (2004) Comp Med , vol.54 , pp. 309-317
    • Trott, K.A.1    Stacy, B.A.2    Lifland, B.D.3    Diggs, H.E.4    Harland, R.M.5    Khokha, M.K.6    Grammer, T.C.7    Parker, J.M.8
  • 64
    • 33847101337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the gross and histologic reactions to five commonly used suture materials in the skin of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
    • Tuttle AD, Law JM, Harms CA, Lewbard GA, Harvey SB. 2006. Evaluation of the gross and histologic reactions to five commonly used suture materials in the skin of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 45:22-26.
    • (2006) J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci , vol.45 , pp. 22-26
    • Tuttle, A.D.1    Law, J.M.2    Harms, C.A.3    Lewbard, G.A.4    Harvey, S.B.5
  • 65
    • 0037213217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational medicine programs for animal research facilities
    • Wald PH, Stave GM. 2003. Occupational medicine programs for animal research facilities. ILAR J 44:57-71.
    • (2003) ILAR J , vol.44 , pp. 57-71
    • Wald, P.H.1    Stave, G.M.2
  • 66
    • 0020535606 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of Chlamydia psittaci from naturally infected African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis)
    • Wilcke BW, Newcomer CE, Anver MR, Simmons JL, Nace GW. 1983. Isolation of Chlamydia psittaci from naturally infected African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis). Infect Immun 41:789-794.
    • (1983) Infect Immun , vol.41 , pp. 789-794
    • Wilcke, B.W.1    Newcomer, C.E.2    Anver, M.R.3    Simmons, J.L.4    Nace, G.W.5
  • 67
    • 0030859443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human salmonellosis associated with exotic pets
    • Woodward DL, Khakhria R, Johnson WM. 1997. Human salmonellosis associated with exotic pets. J Clin Micro 35:2786-2790.
    • (1997) J Clin Micro , vol.35 , pp. 2786-2790
    • Woodward, D.L.1    Khakhria, R.2    Johnson, W.M.3
  • 68
    • 0005549662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical techniques
    • Wright KM, Whitaker BR, eds, Malabar FL: Krieger Publishing Company. p
    • Wright KM. 2001. Surgical techniques. In: Wright KM, Whitaker BR, eds. Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry. Malabar FL: Krieger Publishing Company. p 273-282.
    • (2001) Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry , pp. 273-282
    • Wright, K.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.