-
1
-
-
58449104908
-
-
Parker G. HHS Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Strategy for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Threats. Federal Regist 2007;72(53): 13109-13114.
-
Parker G. HHS Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Strategy for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Threats. Federal Regist 2007;72(53): 13109-13114.
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
34249662062
-
-
Parker G. HHS Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Implementation Plan for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Threats. Federal Regist 2007;72(77):20117-20128.
-
Parker G. HHS Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Implementation Plan for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Threats. Federal Regist 2007;72(77):20117-20128.
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
10944261660
-
Taking the measure of countermeasures: Leaders' views on the nation's capacity to develop biodefense countermeasures
-
Gilfillan L, Smith BT, Inglesby TV, et al. Taking the measure of countermeasures: leaders' views on the nation's capacity to develop biodefense countermeasures. Biosecur Bioterror 2004; 2(4):320-327.
-
(2004)
Biosecur Bioterror
, vol.2
, Issue.4
, pp. 320-327
-
-
Gilfillan, L.1
Smith, B.T.2
Inglesby, T.V.3
-
7
-
-
1842425003
-
Throwing money at biodefense
-
Apr;
-
DeFrancesco L. Throwing money at biodefense. Nat Biotechnol 2004 Apr;22(4):375-378.
-
(2004)
Nat Biotechnol
, vol.22
, Issue.4
, pp. 375-378
-
-
DeFrancesco, L.1
-
8
-
-
33746076322
-
Billions for biodefense: Federal agency biodefense funding, FY2006-2007
-
Lam C, Franco C, Schuler A. Billions for biodefense: federal agency biodefense funding, FY2006-2007. Biosecur Bioterror 2006;4(2):113-127.
-
(2006)
Biosecur Bioterror
, vol.4
, Issue.2
, pp. 113-127
-
-
Lam, C.1
Franco, C.2
Schuler, A.3
-
9
-
-
33846865057
-
Turning biodefense dollars into products
-
Feb;
-
Trull MC, du Laney TV, Dibner MD. Turning biodefense dollars into products. Nat Biotechnol 2007 Feb;25(2):179-184.
-
(2007)
Nat Biotechnol
, vol.25
, Issue.2
, pp. 179-184
-
-
Trull, M.C.1
du Laney, T.V.2
Dibner, M.D.3
-
10
-
-
58449088545
-
-
Project BioShield:, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
-
Project BioShield: Annual Report to Congress. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2006.
-
(2006)
Annual Report to Congress
-
-
-
11
-
-
0037374498
-
The price of innovation: New estimates of drug development costs
-
Mar;
-
DiMasi JA, Hansen RW, Grabowski HG. The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs. J Health Econ 2003 Mar;22(2):151-185.
-
(2003)
J Health Econ
, vol.22
, Issue.2
, pp. 151-185
-
-
DiMasi, J.A.1
Hansen, R.W.2
Grabowski, H.G.3
-
12
-
-
33645675960
-
Estimating the cost of new drug development: Is it really 802 million dollars?
-
Mar-Apr;
-
Adams CP, Brantner W. Estimating the cost of new drug development: is it really 802 million dollars? Health Aff (Millwood) 2006 Mar-Apr;25(2):420-428.
-
(2006)
Health Aff (Millwood)
, vol.25
, Issue.2
, pp. 420-428
-
-
Adams, C.P.1
Brantner, W.2
-
13
-
-
58449098253
-
-
Washington, DC: Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America;
-
Medicines in Development for Infectious Diseases. Washington, DC: Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America; 2004.
-
(2004)
Medicines in Development for Infectious Diseases
-
-
-
14
-
-
4344645978
-
Can the pharmaceutical industry reduce attrition rates?
-
Aug;
-
Kola I, Landis J. Can the pharmaceutical industry reduce attrition rates? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2004 Aug;3(8):711-715.
-
(2004)
Nat Rev Drug Discov
, vol.3
, Issue.8
, pp. 711-715
-
-
Kola, I.1
Landis, J.2
-
15
-
-
20044379651
-
Increasing R&D incentives for neglected diseases: Lessons from the Orphan Drug Act
-
Maskus KE, Reichman JH, eds, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press;
-
Grabowski H. Increasing R&D incentives for neglected diseases: lessons from the Orphan Drug Act. In: Maskus KE, Reichman JH, eds. International Public Goods and Transfer of Technology under a Globalized Intellectual Property Regime. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2005:457-480.
-
(2005)
International Public Goods and Transfer of Technology under a Globalized Intellectual Property Regime
, pp. 457-480
-
-
Grabowski, H.1
-
16
-
-
33646058025
-
Application of real options analysis for pharmaceutical R&D project valuation - empirical results from a survey
-
Hartmann M, Hassan A. Application of real options analysis for pharmaceutical R&D project valuation - empirical results from a survey. Research Policy 2006;35(3):343-354.
-
(2006)
Research Policy
, vol.35
, Issue.3
, pp. 343-354
-
-
Hartmann, M.1
Hassan, A.2
-
17
-
-
2342595765
-
Trends in antimicrobial drug development: Implications for the future
-
May 1;
-
Spellberg B, Powers JH, Brass EP, Miller LG, Edwards JE Jr. Trends in antimicrobial drug development: implications for the future. Clin Infect Dis 2004 May 1;38(9):1279-1286.
-
(2004)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.38
, Issue.9
, pp. 1279-1286
-
-
Spellberg, B.1
Powers, J.H.2
Brass, E.P.3
Miller, L.G.4
Edwards Jr., J.E.5
-
18
-
-
33845707975
-
Antibiotics - an investment worth making?
-
Dec;
-
Christoffersen RE. Antibiotics - an investment worth making? Nat Biotechnol 2006 Dec;24(12):1512-1514.
-
(2006)
Nat Biotechnol
, vol.24
, Issue.12
, pp. 1512-1514
-
-
Christoffersen, R.E.1
-
19
-
-
20044368979
-
An open letter to Elias Zerhouni
-
Mar 4;
-
Altman S, Bassler BL, Beckwith J, et al. An open letter to Elias Zerhouni. Science 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1409.
-
(2005)
Science
, vol.307
, Issue.5714
, pp. 1409
-
-
Altman, S.1
Bassler, B.L.2
Beckwith, J.3
-
21
-
-
33845903833
-
Drugs for bad bugs: Confronting the challenges of antibacterial discovery
-
Jan;
-
Payne DJ, Gwynn MN, Holmes DJ, Pompliano DL. Drugs for bad bugs: confronting the challenges of antibacterial discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2007 Jan;6(1):29-40.
-
(2007)
Nat Rev Drug Discov
, vol.6
, Issue.1
, pp. 29-40
-
-
Payne, D.J.1
Gwynn, M.N.2
Holmes, D.J.3
Pompliano, D.L.4
-
22
-
-
20044388955
-
Why are pharmaceutical companies gradually abandoning vaccines?
-
May-Jun;
-
Offit PA. Why are pharmaceutical companies gradually abandoning vaccines? Health Aff (Millwood) 2005 May-Jun; 24(3):622-630.
-
(2005)
Health Aff (Millwood)
, vol.24
, Issue.3
, pp. 622-630
-
-
Offit, P.A.1
-
24
-
-
20044366421
-
Factors affecting U.S. manufacturers' decisions to produce vaccines
-
May-Jun;
-
Coleman MS, Sangrujee N, Zhou F, Chu S. Factors affecting U.S. manufacturers' decisions to produce vaccines. Health Aff (Millwood) 2005 May-Jun;24(3):635-642.
-
(2005)
Health Aff (Millwood)
, vol.24
, Issue.3
, pp. 635-642
-
-
Coleman, M.S.1
Sangrujee, N.2
Zhou, F.3
Chu, S.4
-
25
-
-
4344623391
-
R&D costs and returns by therapeutic category
-
DiMasi JA, Grabowski H, Vernon J. R&D costs and returns by therapeutic category. Drug Inf J 2004;38(3):211-224.
-
(2004)
Drug Inf J
, vol.38
, Issue.3
, pp. 211-224
-
-
DiMasi, J.A.1
Grabowski, H.2
Vernon, J.3
-
27
-
-
0029927993
-
Vaccine R&D success rates and development times
-
Struck MM. Vaccine R&D success rates and development times. Nat Biotechnol 1996;14:591-593.
-
(1996)
Nat Biotechnol
, vol.14
, pp. 591-593
-
-
Struck, M.M.1
-
28
-
-
58449113667
-
Number of vaccines entering clinical study rose only modestly since
-
Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development: 2006;8(4):3
-
Kaitin KI. Number of vaccines entering clinical study rose only modestly since 1990s. Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development: Impact Report 2006;8(4):3.
-
(1990)
Impact Report
-
-
Kaitin, K.I.1
-
30
-
-
0037205534
-
New drug and biological drug products; evidence needed to demonstrate effectiveness of new drugs when human efficacy studies are not ethical or feasible. Final rule
-
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, May 31;
-
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. New drug and biological drug products; evidence needed to demonstrate effectiveness of new drugs when human efficacy studies are not ethical or feasible. Final rule. Federal Regist 2002 May 31;67(105): 37988.
-
(2002)
Federal Regist
, vol.67
, Issue.105
, pp. 37988
-
-
-
31
-
-
58449127049
-
The FDA Animal Efficacy Rule and biodefense countermeasures: A way forward
-
In press
-
Gronvall GK, Trent D, Borio LL, et al. The FDA Animal Efficacy Rule and biodefense countermeasures: a way forward. Nat Biotechnol. In press.
-
Nat Biotechnol
-
-
Gronvall, G.K.1
Trent, D.2
Borio, L.L.3
-
32
-
-
2942527099
-
Critical care medicine in the United States 1985-2000: An analysis of bed numbers, use, and costs
-
Jun;
-
Halpern NA, Pastores SM, Greenstein RJ. Critical care medicine in the United States 1985-2000: an analysis of bed numbers, use, and costs. Crit Care Med 2004 Jun;32(6): 1254-1259.
-
(2004)
Crit Care Med
, vol.32
, Issue.6
, pp. 1254-1259
-
-
Halpern, N.A.1
Pastores, S.M.2
Greenstein, R.J.3
-
33
-
-
1842434267
-
Biodefense R&D: Anticipating future threats, establishing a strategic environment
-
Smith BT, Inglesby TV, O'Toole T. Biodefense R&D: anticipating future threats, establishing a strategic environment. Biosecur Bioterror 2003;1(3):193-202.
-
(2003)
Biosecur Bioterror
, vol.1
, Issue.3
, pp. 193-202
-
-
Smith, B.T.1
Inglesby, T.V.2
O'Toole, T.3
-
34
-
-
24644466890
-
Anthrax countermeasures: Current status and future needs
-
Borio LL, Gronvall GK. Anthrax countermeasures: current status and future needs. Biosecur Bioterror 2005;3(2):102-117
-
(2005)
Biosecur Bioterror
, vol.3
, Issue.2
, pp. 102-117
-
-
Borio, L.L.1
Gronvall, G.K.2
-
35
-
-
39349109810
-
-
National Institutes of Health, Office of Technology Transfer, Rockville, MD: NIH;
-
National Institutes of Health, Office of Technology Transfer. Annual Report Fiscal Year 2005. Rockville, MD: NIH; 2005.
-
(2005)
Annual Report Fiscal Year 2005
-
-
-
36
-
-
30344462372
-
Research funding: Peer review at NIH
-
Jan 6;
-
Scarpa T. Research funding: peer review at NIH. Science 2006 Jan 6;311(5757):41.
-
(2006)
Science
, vol.311
, Issue.5757
, pp. 41
-
-
Scarpa, T.1
-
37
-
-
54149113176
-
-
National Institutes of Health, Office of Technology Transfer, Rockville, MD: NIH;
-
National Institutes of Health, Office of Technology Transfer. Frequently Asked Questions: CRADAs & MTAs. Rockville, MD: NIH; 2006.
-
(2006)
Frequently Asked Questions: CRADAs & MTAs
-
-
-
38
-
-
58449088859
-
-
Accessed August 24, 2007
-
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NIAID Biodefense Resources. 2007. http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/Biodefense/Research/ resources.htm. Accessed August 24, 2007.
-
(2007)
NIAID Biodefense Resources
-
-
-
39
-
-
0036276103
-
Do R&D tax credits work? Evidence from a panel of countries 1979-1997
-
Bloom N, Griffith R, Van Reenen J. Do R&D tax credits work? Evidence from a panel of countries 1979-1997. J Public Econ 2002;85:1-31.
-
(2002)
J Public Econ
, vol.85
, pp. 1-31
-
-
Bloom, N.1
Griffith, R.2
Van Reenen, J.3
-
44
-
-
33745671510
-
Does NIH need a DARPA?
-
Winter, Accessed August 9, 2007
-
Cook-Deegan R. Does NIH need a DARPA? Issues Sci Technol 1996; Winter. http://www.issues.org/13.2/cookde.htm. Accessed August 9, 2007.
-
(1996)
Issues Sci Technol
-
-
Cook-Deegan, R.1
-
45
-
-
84973833995
-
Funding science: The real defects of peer review and an alternative to it
-
Roy R. Funding science: the real defects of peer review and an alternative to it. Sci Technol Human Values 1985;10(3): 73-81.
-
(1985)
Sci Technol Human Values
, vol.10
, Issue.3
, pp. 73-81
-
-
Roy, R.1
-
46
-
-
69149094140
-
-
Sommer J. A radical proposal for reorganizing research support: lotteries, prizes. Scientist 1991 June 10;5(12):11,13,17.
-
Sommer J. A radical proposal for reorganizing research support: lotteries, prizes. Scientist 1991 June 10;5(12):11,13,17.
-
-
-
-
47
-
-
0042516415
-
Comparing peer review to information prizes - a possible economics experiment
-
Hanson R. Comparing peer review to information prizes - a possible economics experiment. Social Epistemology 1995; 9(1):49-55.
-
(1995)
Social Epistemology
, vol.9
, Issue.1
, pp. 49-55
-
-
Hanson, R.1
-
48
-
-
0024837406
-
Consumer preferences and funding priorities in scientific research
-
Tsao J. Consumer preferences and funding priorities in scientific research. Sci Public Policy 1989;16(5):294-298.
-
(1989)
Sci Public Policy
, vol.16
, Issue.5
, pp. 294-298
-
-
Tsao, J.1
-
49
-
-
58449129191
-
Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee Hold Joint Hearing on BioShield Drugs
-
U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee and U.S. Senate Health, 6 October
-
U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee and U.S. Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee Hold Joint Hearing on BioShield Drugs. Congressional Quarterly 6 October 2004.
-
(2004)
Congressional Quarterly
-
-
-
51
-
-
0002263436
-
Intellectual property: When is it the best incentive mechanism?
-
Gallini N, Scotchmer S. Intellectual property: when is it the best incentive mechanism? Innovation Policy and the Economy 2001;2:51-78.
-
(2001)
Innovation Policy and the Economy
, vol.2
, pp. 51-78
-
-
Gallini, N.1
Scotchmer, S.2
-
52
-
-
34248998182
-
Advance market commitments for vaccines against neglected diseases: Estimating costs and effectiveness
-
May;
-
Berndt ER, Glennerster R, Kremer MR, et al. Advance market commitments for vaccines against neglected diseases: estimating costs and effectiveness. Health Econ 2007 May;16(5): 491-511.
-
(2007)
Health Econ
, vol.16
, Issue.5
, pp. 491-511
-
-
Berndt, E.R.1
Glennerster, R.2
Kremer, M.R.3
-
53
-
-
58449109260
-
Vaccinating the world
-
9 February
-
Arnst C. Vaccinating the world. Business Week 9 February 2007.
-
(2007)
Business Week
-
-
Arnst, C.1
-
54
-
-
20044364409
-
Vaccine advance-purchase agreements for low-income countries: Practical issues
-
May-Jun;
-
Berndt ER, Hurvitz JA. Vaccine advance-purchase agreements for low-income countries: practical issues. Health Aff (Millwood) 2005 May-Jun;24(3):653-665.
-
(2005)
Health Aff (Millwood)
, vol.24
, Issue.3
, pp. 653-665
-
-
Berndt, E.R.1
Hurvitz, J.A.2
-
55
-
-
58449098252
-
-
Farlow AWK, Light DW, Mahoney RT, et al. Concerns regarding the Center for Global Development Report Making Markets for Vaccines. Geneva: Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health; 2005.
-
Farlow AWK, Light DW, Mahoney RT, et al. Concerns regarding the Center for Global Development Report "Making Markets for Vaccines." Geneva: Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health; 2005.
-
-
-
-
56
-
-
34547460117
-
Meeting report: Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) roundtable
-
Gronvall GK, Smith BT, Matheny J, et al. Meeting report: Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) roundtable. Biosecur Bioterror 2007; 5(2):174-179.
-
(2007)
Biosecur Bioterror
, vol.5
, Issue.2
, pp. 174-179
-
-
Gronvall, G.K.1
Smith, B.T.2
Matheny, J.3
-
57
-
-
1842486604
-
Biotechnology: Impact on biological warfare and biodefense
-
Petro JB, Plasse TR, McNulty JA. Biotechnology: impact on biological warfare and biodefense. Biosecur Bioterror 2003; 1(3):161-168.
-
(2003)
Biosecur Bioterror
, vol.1
, Issue.3
, pp. 161-168
-
-
Petro, J.B.1
Plasse, T.R.2
McNulty, J.A.3
-
58
-
-
38449108656
-
Flexible defenses roundtable meeting: Promoting the strategic innovation of medical countermeasures
-
Gronvall GK, Matheny J, Smith BT, et al. Flexible defenses roundtable meeting: promoting the strategic innovation of medical countermeasures. Biosecur Bioterror 2007;5(3):271-277.
-
(2007)
Biosecur Bioterror
, vol.5
, Issue.3
, pp. 271-277
-
-
Gronvall, G.K.1
Matheny, J.2
Smith, B.T.3
-
59
-
-
33646466804
-
Choosing the right incentive strategy for research and development in neglected diseases
-
May;
-
Maurer SM. Choosing the right incentive strategy for research and development in neglected diseases. Bull World Health Organ 2006 May;84(5):376-381.
-
(2006)
Bull World Health Organ
, vol.84
, Issue.5
, pp. 376-381
-
-
Maurer, S.M.1
-
60
-
-
33748324666
-
Can open-source R&D reinvigorate drug research?
-
Sep;
-
Munos B. Can open-source R&D reinvigorate drug research? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2006 Sep;5(9):723-729.
-
(2006)
Nat Rev Drug Discov
, vol.5
, Issue.9
, pp. 723-729
-
-
Munos, B.1
-
62
-
-
33744466575
-
Vaccine innovation: Lessons from World War II
-
discussion 58-60
-
Hoyt K. Vaccine innovation: lessons from World War II. J Public Health Policy 2006;27(1):38-57; discussion 58-60.
-
(2006)
J Public Health Policy
, vol.27
, Issue.1
, pp. 38-57
-
-
Hoyt, K.1
|