Development of active low-angle normal fault systems during orogenic collapse: Insight from Tibet

Geology

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 7-10

  Kapp, Paul ^a   Taylor, Michael ^b   Stockli, Daniel ^b   Ding, Lin ^c  

^a University of Arizona   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS   (United States)

^c INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

Author keywords

Extension; Low angle normal faulting; Metamorphic core complex; Rift basin development; Tibet

Indexed keywords

LOW-ANGLE NORMAL FAULTING; METAMORPHIC CORE COMPLEX; RIFT BASIN DEVELOPMENT; TIBET;

GEOMORPHOLOGY; GRANITE; METAMORPHIC ROCKS; TECTONICS; TOPOGRAPHY;

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY;

BASIN EVOLUTION; BASIN FILL; COLLAPSE STRUCTURE; EXTENSIONAL TECTONICS; GRABEN; GRANITE; MYLONITE; NORMAL FAULT; OROGENY; RIFT ZONE;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; XIZANG; YADONG;

EID: 38349053271     PISSN: 00917613     EISSN: 00917613     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/G24054A.1     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Anders, M.H., and Schlische, R.W., 1994, Overlapping faults, intrabasin highs, and the growth of normal faults: Journal of Geology, v. 102, p. 165-180.
2. Armijo, R., Tapponnier, P., Mercier, J.L., and Han, T.-L., 1986, Quaternary extension in southern Tibet: Field observations and tectonic implications: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 91, p. 13,803-13,872.
3. Axen, G.J., Fletcher, J.M., Cowgill, E., Murphy, M., Kapp, P., MacMillan, I., and Ramos-Velazquez, E., 1999, Range-front fault scarps of the Sierra El Mayor, Baja California: Formed above an active low-angle normal fault?: Geology, v. 27, p. 247-250, doi: 10.1130/ 0091-7613(1999)027<0247:RFFSOT>2.3.CO;2.
4. Block, L., and Royden, L.H., 1990, Core complex geometries and regional scale flow in the lower crust: Tectonics, v. 9, p. 557-567.
5. Buck, W.R., 1991, Modes of continental lithosphere extension: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, P. 20,161-20,178.
6. Clark, M.K., and Royden, L.H., 2000, Topographic ooze: Building the eastern margin of Tibet by lower crustal flow: Geology, v. 28, p. 703-706.
7. Cogan, M.J., Nelson, K.D., Kidd, W.S.F., Wu, C., and Team, P.I., 1998, Shallow structure of the Yadong-Gulu rift, southern Tibet, from refraction analysis of Project INDEPTH common midpoint data: Tectonics, v. 17, p. 46-61, doi: 10.1029/97TC03025.
8. Coney, P.J., and Harms, T.A., 1984, Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes: Cenozoic extensional relics of Mesozoic compression: Geology, v. 12, p. 550-554, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1984) 12<550:CMCCCE>2.0.CO;2.
9. Doser, D.I., 1987, The Ancash, Peru, earthquake of 1946 November 10: Evidence for low-angle normal faulting in the high Andes of northern Peru: Royal Astronomical Society Geophysical Journal, v. 91, p. 57-71.
10. Faulds, J.E., and Varga, R.J., 1998, The role of accommodation zones and transfer zones in the regional segmentation of extended terranes, in Faulds, J.E., and Stewart, J.H., eds., Accommodation zones and transfer zones; the regional segmentation of the Basin and Range Province: Geological Society of America Special Paper 323, p. 1-45.
11. Gaillard, F., Scaillet, B., and Pichavant, M., 2004, Evidence for present-day leucogranite pluton growth in Tibet: Geology, v. 32, p. 801-804, doi: 10.1130/G20577.1.
12. Harrison, T.M., Copeland, P., Kidd, W.S.F., and Lovera, O.M., 1995, Activation of the Nyainqentanghla Shear Zone: Implications for uplift of the southern Tibetan Plateau: Tectonics, v. 14, p. 658-676, doi: 10.1029/ 95TC00608.
13. Kapp, J.L.D., Harrison, T.M., Kapp, P., Grove, M., Lovera, O.M., and Ding, L., 2005, The Nyainqentanglha Shan: A window into the tectonic, thermal, and geochemical evolution of the Lhasa block, southern Tibet: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, B08413, doi: 10.1029/ 2004JB003330.
14. Kapp, P., and Guynn, J.H., 2004, Indian punch rifts Tibet: Geology, v. 32, p. 993-996, doi: 10.1130/G20689.1.
15. Klemperer, S.L., 2006, Crustal flow in Tibet: Geophysical evidence for the physical state of Tibetan lithosphere, and inferred patterns of active flow, in Law, R.D., et al., eds., Channel flow, ductile extrusion and exhumation in continental collision zones: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 268, p. 39-70.
16. Lachenbruch, A. H., and Morgan, P., 1990, Continental extension, magmatism and elevation; formal relations and rules of thumb: Tectonophysics, v. 174, p. 39-62, doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(90)90383-J.
17. Leeder, M.R., and Gawthorpe, R.L., 1987, Sedimentary models for extensional tilt-block/half-graben basins, in Coward, M.P., et al., eds., Continental extensional tectonics: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 29, p. 139-152.
18. Masek, J.G., Isacks, B.L., and Fielding, E.J., 1994, Rift flank uplift in Tibet: Evidence for a viscous lower crust: Tectonics, v. 13, p. 659-667, doi: 10.1029/94TC00452.
19. McNulty, B., and Farber, D., 2002, Active detachment faulting above the Peruvian flat slab: Geology, v. 30, p. 567-570, doi: 10.1130/ 0091-7613(2002)030<0567:ADFATP>2.0.CO;2.
20. Pan, G., Ding, J., Yao, D., and Wang, L., 2004, Geological map of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and adjacent areas: Chengdu, Chengdu Cartographic Publishing House, scale 1:1,000,000.
21. Pan, Y., and Kidd, W.S.F., 1992, Nyainqentanglha shear zone: A late Miocene extensional detachment in the southern Tibetan plateau: Geology, v. 20, p. 775-778, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0775: NSZALM>2.3.CO;2.
22. Spencer, J.E., 1999, Geologic continuous casting below continental and deep-sea detachment faults and at the striated extrusion of Sacsayhuaman, Peru: Geology, v. 27, p. 327-330, doi: 10.1130/ 0091-7613(1999)027<0327:GCCBCA>2.3.CO;2.
23. Stockli, D., Taylor, M., Yin, A., Harrison, T.M., D'Andrea, J.L., Kapp, P.A., and Ding, L., 2002, Late Miocene-Pliocene inception of E-W extension in Tibet as evidenced by apatite (U-Th)/He data: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 34, no. 6, p. 411.
24. Taylor, M., Yin, A., Ryerson, F.J., Kapp, P., and Ding, L., 2003, Conjugate strike-slip faulting along the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone accommodates coeval east-west extension and north-south shortening in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau: Tectonics, v. 22, p. 1044, doi: 10.1029/2002TC001361.
25. Wang, Q., Zhang, P.-Z., Freymueller, J.T., Bilham, R., Larson, K.M., Lai, X., You, X., Niu, Z., Wu, J., Li, Y., Liu, J., Yang, Z., and Chen, Q., 2001, Present-day crustal deformation in China constrained by global positioning system measurements: Science, v. 294, p. 574-577, doi: 10.1126/science.1063647.
26. Wernicke, B., 1990, The fluid crustal layer and its implications for continental dynamics, in Salisbury, M.H., and Fountain, D.M., eds., Exposed cross-sections of the continental crust: Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 509-544.
27. Wernicke, B., 1992, Cenozoic extensional tectonics of the U.S. Cordillera, in Burchfiel, B.C., et al., eds., The Cordilleran orogen: Conterminous U.S.: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, Geology of North America, v. G-3, p. 553-581.
28. Yin, A., 1989, Origin of regional, rooted low-angle normal faults: A mechanical model and its tectonic implications: Tectonics, v. 8, p. 469-482.
29. Zhang, P-Z., Shen, Z., Wang, M., Gan, W., Burgmann, R., Molnar, P., Wang, Q., Niu, Z., Sun, J., Wu, J., Hanrong, S., and Xinzhao, Y., 2004, Continuous deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from global positioning system data: Geology, v. 32, p. 809-812, doi: 10.1130/G20554.1.