-
1
-
-
0001309467
-
Elementary school retention: An unjustifiable, discriminatory, and noxious educational policy
-
Abidin, R. P., Golladay, W. M., and Howerton, A. L. (1971) Elementary school retention: An unjustifiable, discriminatory, and noxious educational policy. Journal of School Psychology, 9(4), 410-417.
-
(1971)
Journal of School Psychology
, vol.9
, Issue.4
, pp. 410-417
-
-
Abidin, R.P.1
Golladay, W.M.2
Howerton, A.L.3
-
4
-
-
38349000743
-
School progress and pupil adjustments
-
Anfinson, R. D. (1941) School progress and pupil adjustments. The Elementary School Journal, 41(7), 507-514.
-
(1941)
The Elementary School Journal
, vol.41
, Issue.7
, pp. 507-514
-
-
Anfinson, R.D.1
-
6
-
-
0002507340
-
Grade level retention effects: A metaanalysis of research studies
-
L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith eds, London: The Falmer Press
-
Cited in C. T Holmes (1989). Grade level retention effects: A metaanalysis of research studies. In L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith (eds) Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention. London: The Falmer Press.
-
(1989)
Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention
-
-
Cited in, C.1
Holmes, T.2
-
9
-
-
33749478083
-
Progress of promoted and repeating grade 1 failures
-
Chansky, N. M. (1964) Progress of promoted and repeating grade 1 failures. Journal of Experimental Education, 32(3), 225-237.
-
(1964)
Journal of Experimental Education
, vol.32
, Issue.3
, pp. 225-237
-
-
Chansky, N.M.1
-
10
-
-
0004207598
-
-
January 1, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office
-
Clinton, W. (1998) State of the Union Address (January 1, 1999). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
-
(1998)
State of the Union Address
-
-
Clinton, W.1
-
13
-
-
0038963557
-
Kindergarten practices and first-grade achievement for Latino Spanish-speaking, Latino English-speaking, and Anglo students
-
Cosden, M., Zimmer, J., Reyes, C., and del Rosario Gutierrez, M. (1995) Kindergarten practices and first-grade achievement for Latino Spanish-speaking, Latino English-speaking, and Anglo students. Journal of School Psychology, 33(2), 123-141.
-
(1995)
Journal of School Psychology
, vol.33
, Issue.2
, pp. 123-141
-
-
Cosden, M.1
Zimmer, J.2
Reyes, C.3
del Rosario Gutierrez, M.4
-
14
-
-
0346089852
-
Using standards and assessments to support student learning
-
Darling-Hammond, L. and Falk, B. (1997) Using standards and assessments to support student learning. Phi Delta Kappan, 79(3), 190-199.
-
(1997)
Phi Delta Kappan
, vol.79
, Issue.3
, pp. 190-199
-
-
Darling-Hammond, L.1
Falk, B.2
-
15
-
-
38349070358
-
-
Dawson, P. (1998). A primer on student grade retention: What the research says. NASP Communique, 26(8), 28-30. Retrieved June 18, 2004, http:www.nasponline.org/publications/cq268retain.html.
-
Dawson, P. (1998). A primer on student grade retention: What the research says. NASP Communique, 26(8), 28-30. Retrieved June 18, 2004, http:www.nasponline.org/publications/cq268retain.html.
-
-
-
-
16
-
-
21344478891
-
Kindergarten retention and transition classrooms: Their relationship to achievement
-
Dennebaum, J. M. and Kulberg, J. M. (1994) Kindergarten retention and transition classrooms: Their relationship to achievement. Psychology in the Schools, 31(1), 5-12.
-
(1994)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.31
, Issue.1
, pp. 5-12
-
-
Dennebaum, J.M.1
Kulberg, J.M.2
-
17
-
-
0001242157
-
The effect of nonpromotion on the achievement of groups matched from retained first graders and promoted second graders
-
Dobbs, V. and Neville, D. (1967) The effect of nonpromotion on the achievement of groups matched from retained first graders and promoted second graders. Journal of Educational Research, 60(10), 470-475.
-
(1967)
Journal of Educational Research
, vol.60
, Issue.10
, pp. 470-475
-
-
Dobbs, V.1
Neville, D.2
-
18
-
-
0030523882
-
Types of errors in synthesizing research in education
-
Dunkin, M. J. (1996) Types of errors in synthesizing research in education. Review of Educational Research, 66(2), 87-97.
-
(1996)
Review of Educational Research
, vol.66
, Issue.2
, pp. 87-97
-
-
Dunkin, M.J.1
-
19
-
-
0000028217
-
Longitudinal outcome differences among promoted and transitional atrisk kindergarten students
-
Ferguson, P. C. (1991) Longitudinal outcome differences among promoted and transitional atrisk kindergarten students. Psychology in the Schools, 28(2), 139-146.
-
(1991)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.28
, Issue.2
, pp. 139-146
-
-
Ferguson, P.C.1
-
20
-
-
0030557013
-
Longitudinal outcome effects of non-at-risk and at-risk transitions first-grade samples: A follow-up study and further analysis
-
Ferguson, P. C. and Mueller-Streib, M. (1996) Longitudinal outcome effects of non-at-risk and at-risk transitions first-grade samples: A follow-up study and further analysis. Psychology in the Schools, 33(1), 38-45.
-
(1996)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.33
, Issue.1
, pp. 38-45
-
-
Ferguson, P.C.1
Mueller-Streib, M.2
-
21
-
-
0040900868
-
A follow-up study of high school students with a history of grade retention
-
Hagborg, W. J., Masella, G., Palladino, P. and Shepardson, J. (1991) A follow-up study of high school students with a history of grade retention. Psychology in the Schools, 28(4), 310-317.
-
(1991)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.28
, Issue.4
, pp. 310-317
-
-
Hagborg, W.J.1
Masella, G.2
Palladino, P.3
Shepardson, J.4
-
23
-
-
0000011585
-
Dummy endogenous variables in a simultaneous equation system
-
Heckman, J. J. (1978) Dummy endogenous variables in a simultaneous equation system. Econometrica, 46(4), 931-61.
-
(1978)
Econometrica
, vol.46
, Issue.4
, pp. 931-961
-
-
Heckman, J.J.1
-
26
-
-
0002507340
-
Grade level retention effects: A meta-analysis of research studies
-
L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith eds, London: The Falmer Press
-
Holmes, C. T. (1989) Grade level retention effects: A meta-analysis of research studies. In L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith (eds) Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention. London: The Falmer Press.
-
(1989)
Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention
-
-
Holmes, C.T.1
-
27
-
-
84965572074
-
The effects of non-promotion on elementary and junior high school pupils: A meta-analysis
-
Holmes, C. T. and Matthews, K. M. (1984) The effects of non-promotion on elementary and junior high school pupils: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 54(2), 225-236.
-
(1984)
Review of Educational Research
, vol.54
, Issue.2
, pp. 225-236
-
-
Holmes, C.T.1
Matthews, K.M.2
-
28
-
-
84970226186
-
Research evidence on the effects of grade retention
-
Jackson, G. B. (1975) Research evidence on the effects of grade retention. Review of Educational Research, 45(4), 613-635.
-
(1975)
Review of Educational Research
, vol.45
, Issue.4
, pp. 613-635
-
-
Jackson, G.B.1
-
29
-
-
1842533889
-
Remedial education and student achievement: A regressiondiscontinuity analysis
-
Jacobs, B. A. and Lefgren, L. (2004) Remedial education and student achievement: A regressiondiscontinuity analysis. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 86(1), 226-244.
-
(2004)
The Review of Economics and Statistics
, vol.86
, Issue.1
, pp. 226-244
-
-
Jacobs, B.A.1
Lefgren, L.2
-
31
-
-
0033196745
-
On the failure of failure: Examining the association between early grade retention and education and employment outcomes during late adolescence
-
Jimerson, S. (1999) On the failure of failure: Examining the association between early grade retention and education and employment outcomes during late adolescence. Journal of School Psychology, 37(3), 243-272.
-
(1999)
Journal of School Psychology
, vol.37
, Issue.3
, pp. 243-272
-
-
Jimerson, S.1
-
32
-
-
36849016700
-
Is grade retention educational malpractice? Empirical evidence from meta-analyses examining the efficacy of grade retention
-
H. Walberg, A. J. Reynolds and M. C. Wang eds, Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, Inc
-
Jimerson, S. (2004) Is grade retention educational malpractice? Empirical evidence from meta-analyses examining the efficacy of grade retention. In H. Walberg, A. J. Reynolds and M. C. Wang (eds) Can Unlike Students Learn Together? Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, Inc.
-
(2004)
Can Unlike Students Learn Together
-
-
Jimerson, S.1
-
33
-
-
0031092777
-
A prospective, longitudinal study of correlates and consequences of early grade retention
-
Jimerson, S., Carlson, E., Rotert, M., Egeland, B., and Sroufe, L. A. (1997) A prospective, longitudinal study of correlates and consequences of early grade retention. Journal of School Psychology, 35(1), 3-25.
-
(1997)
Journal of School Psychology
, vol.35
, Issue.1
, pp. 3-25
-
-
Jimerson, S.1
Carlson, E.2
Rotert, M.3
Egeland, B.4
Sroufe, L.A.5
-
34
-
-
23044532804
-
Winning the battle and losing the war: Examining the relationship between grade retention and dropping out of high school
-
Jimerson, S., Anderson, G. E., and Whipple, A. D. (2002) Winning the battle and losing the war: Examining the relationship between grade retention and dropping out of high school. Psychology in the Schools, 39(4), 441-457.
-
(2002)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.39
, Issue.4
, pp. 441-457
-
-
Jimerson, S.1
Anderson, G.E.2
Whipple, A.D.3
-
35
-
-
0009359826
-
The effects of early grade retention on the academic achievement of fourth-grade students
-
Johnson, E. R., Merrell, K. W., and Stover, L. (1990) The effects of early grade retention on the academic achievement of fourth-grade students. Psychology in the Schools, 27(4), 333-338.
-
(1990)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.27
, Issue.4
, pp. 333-338
-
-
Johnson, E.R.1
Merrell, K.W.2
Stover, L.3
-
36
-
-
38349054384
-
Marks, achievement, and intelligence of seventh graders who were retained (nonpromoted) once in elementary school
-
Kamii, C. K. and Weikart, D. P. (1963) Marks, achievement, and intelligence of seventh graders who were retained (nonpromoted) once in elementary school. Journal of Educational Research, 56(9), 452-459.
-
(1963)
Journal of Educational Research
, vol.56
, Issue.9
, pp. 452-459
-
-
Kamii, C.K.1
Weikart, D.P.2
-
38
-
-
0002289777
-
The awful reputation of educational research
-
Kaestle, C. F. (1993) The awful reputation of educational research. Educational Researcher, 22(1), 25-31.
-
(1993)
Educational Researcher
, vol.22
, Issue.1
, pp. 25-31
-
-
Kaestle, C.F.1
-
40
-
-
38348998673
-
-
Karweit, N. L. (1999) Grade retention: Prevalence, timing, and effects (Report No. 33). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University, Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed at Risk.
-
Karweit, N. L. (1999) Grade retention: Prevalence, timing, and effects (Report No. 33). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University, Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed at Risk.
-
-
-
-
41
-
-
0018977596
-
Transition rooms: Promoting maturation or reading education?
-
Leinhardt, G. (1980) Transition rooms: Promoting maturation or reading education? Journal of Educational Psychology, 72(1), 55-61.
-
(1980)
Journal of Educational Psychology
, vol.72
, Issue.1
, pp. 55-61
-
-
Leinhardt, G.1
-
42
-
-
33749484439
-
-
D. Ravitch (ed) Brookings Papers on Education Policy 2002. Washington DC: The Brookings Institution
-
Lorence, J., Dworkin, A. G., Toenjes, L. A., and Hill, A. N. (2002). Grade retention and social promotion in Texas, 1994-1999: Academic achievement among elementary school students. In D. Ravitch (ed) Brookings Papers on Education Policy 2002. Washington DC: The Brookings Institution.
-
(2002)
Grade retention and social promotion in Texas, 1994-1999: Academic achievement among elementary school students
-
-
Lorence, J.1
Dworkin, A.G.2
Toenjes, L.A.3
Hill, A.N.4
-
43
-
-
38349039333
-
-
th ed. In J. C. Impara and J. C. Conoley (eds) Twelfth mental measurements yearbook. Lincoln, NE: The Buros Institute of Mental Measurements, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
-
th ed. In J. C. Impara and J. C. Conoley (eds) Twelfth mental measurements yearbook. Lincoln, NE: The Buros Institute of Mental Measurements, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
-
-
-
-
44
-
-
0031496698
-
Do certain groups of children profit from early retention? A follow-up study of kindergartners with attention problems
-
Mantzicopoulos, P. Y. (1997) Do certain groups of children profit from early retention? A follow-up study of kindergartners with attention problems. Psychology in the Schools, 34(2), 115-127.
-
(1997)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.34
, Issue.2
, pp. 115-127
-
-
Mantzicopoulos, P.Y.1
-
45
-
-
0001669649
-
Kindergarten retention: Academic and behavioral outcomes through the end of second grade
-
Mantzicopoulos, P. and Morrison, D. (1992) Kindergarten retention: academic and behavioral outcomes through the end of second grade. American Educational Research Journal, 29(1), 182-198.
-
(1992)
American Educational Research Journal
, vol.29
, Issue.1
, pp. 182-198
-
-
Mantzicopoulos, P.1
Morrison, D.2
-
46
-
-
84986946458
-
The effects of developmental placement and early retention on children's later scores on standardised tests
-
May, D. C. and Welch, E. L. (1984) The effects of developmental placement and early retention on children's later scores on standardised tests. Psychology in the Schools, 21(3), 381-385.
-
(1984)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.21
, Issue.3
, pp. 381-385
-
-
May, D.C.1
Welch, E.L.2
-
48
-
-
0007337915
-
Analysis of covariance
-
L. K. Edwards ed, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc
-
Maxwell, S. E., O'Callaghan, M. F., and Delaney, H. D. (1993) Analysis of covariance. In L. K. Edwards (ed) Applied analysis of variance in behavioral science, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
-
(1993)
Applied analysis of variance in behavioral science
-
-
Maxwell, S.E.1
O'Callaghan, M.F.2
Delaney, H.D.3
-
49
-
-
84992859752
-
Early retention: Are there long-term beneficial effects?
-
McCombs Thomas, A., Armistead, L., Kempton, T., Lynch, S., Forehand, R., Nousiainen, S., Neighbors, B., and Tannenbaum, L. (1992) Early retention: Are there long-term beneficial effects? Psychology in the Schools, 29(4), 342-347.
-
(1992)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.29
, Issue.4
, pp. 342-347
-
-
McCombs Thomas, A.1
Armistead, L.2
Kempton, T.3
Lynch, S.4
Forehand, R.5
Nousiainen, S.6
Neighbors, B.7
Tannenbaum, L.8
-
50
-
-
0033196733
-
Grade retention and school performance: An extended investigation
-
McCoy, A. R. and Reynolds, A. J. (1999) Grade retention and school performance: An extended investigation. Journal of School Psychology, 37(3), 273-298.
-
(1999)
Journal of School Psychology
, vol.37
, Issue.3
, pp. 273-298
-
-
McCoy, A.R.1
Reynolds, A.J.2
-
51
-
-
0002259331
-
Failure in grade: Do retained children catch up?
-
Meisels, S. J. and Liaw, F. (1993) Failure in grade: Do retained children catch up? Journal of Educational Research, 87(2), 69-77.
-
(1993)
Journal of Educational Research
, vol.87
, Issue.2
, pp. 69-77
-
-
Meisels, S.J.1
Liaw, F.2
-
52
-
-
38349039332
-
-
National Association of School Psychologists [NASP]. (2003). Position statement on student grade retention and social promotion (revised April 12, 2003). Retrieved June 18, 2004, from http://www.nasponline.org/information/ pospaper_graderetent.html.
-
National Association of School Psychologists [NASP]. (2003). Position statement on student grade retention and social promotion (revised April 12, 2003). Retrieved June 18, 2004, from http://www.nasponline.org/information/ pospaper_graderetent.html.
-
-
-
-
53
-
-
84987031515
-
Nonpromotion: A pseudoscientific solution
-
Niklason, L. B. (1984) Nonpromotion: A pseudoscientific solution. Psychology in the Schools, 21(4), 485-499.
-
(1984)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.21
, Issue.4
, pp. 485-499
-
-
Niklason, L.B.1
-
54
-
-
38349070356
-
-
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, 20 U.S.C. §6301 2002
-
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, 20 U.S.C. §6301 (2002).
-
-
-
-
55
-
-
0032357428
-
Grade retention: A history of failure
-
Owings, W. A. and Magliaro, S. (1998) Grade retention: A history of failure. Educational Leadership, 56(1), 86-88.
-
(1998)
Educational Leadership
, vol.56
, Issue.1
, pp. 86-88
-
-
Owings, W.A.1
Magliaro, S.2
-
56
-
-
0000159938
-
A longitudinal study of the effects of retention/promotion on academic achievement
-
Peterson, S. E., DeGracie, J. S., and Ayabe, C. R. (1987) A longitudinal study of the effects of retention/promotion on academic achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 24(1), 107-118.
-
(1987)
American Educational Research Journal
, vol.24
, Issue.1
, pp. 107-118
-
-
Peterson, S.E.1
DeGracie, J.S.2
Ayabe, C.R.3
-
57
-
-
84965400658
-
Five to ten years after placement: The long-term efficacy of retention and pre-grade transition
-
Phelps, L., Dowdell, N., Rizzo, F. G., Ehrlich, P., and Wilczenski, F. (1992) Five to ten years after placement: The long-term efficacy of retention and pre-grade transition. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 10(3), 116-123.
-
(1992)
Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment
, vol.10
, Issue.3
, pp. 116-123
-
-
Phelps, L.1
Dowdell, N.2
Rizzo, F.G.3
Ehrlich, P.4
Wilczenski, F.5
-
58
-
-
0000813017
-
Effect of grade retention on self-system processes, social engagement, and academic performance
-
Pierson, L. and Connell, J. P. (1992) Effect of grade retention on self-system processes, social engagement, and academic performance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(3), 300-307.
-
(1992)
Journal of Educational Psychology
, vol.84
, Issue.3
, pp. 300-307
-
-
Pierson, L.1
Connell, J.P.2
-
59
-
-
33749477838
-
Retention, the earlier the better?
-
Pomplun, M. (1988) Retention, the earlier the better? Journal of Educational Research, 81(5), 281-287.
-
(1988)
Journal of Educational Research
, vol.81
, Issue.5
, pp. 281-287
-
-
Pomplun, M.1
-
60
-
-
84948130278
-
Examining the negative effects of retention in our schools
-
268-270
-
Potter, L. (1996). Examining the negative effects of retention in our schools. Education, 117(2), 268-270, 250.
-
(1996)
Education
, vol.117
, Issue.2
, pp. 250
-
-
Potter, L.1
-
61
-
-
0000011639
-
Grade retention and school adjustment: An explanatory analysis
-
Reynolds, A. J. (1992) Grade retention and school adjustment: An explanatory analysis. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 14(2), 101-121.
-
(1992)
Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis
, vol.14
, Issue.2
, pp. 101-121
-
-
Reynolds, A.J.1
-
62
-
-
21344481717
-
School adjustment of children at risk through fourth grade
-
Reynolds, A. J. and Bezruczko, N. (1993) School adjustment of children at risk through fourth grade. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 39(4), 457-480.
-
(1993)
Merrill-Palmer Quarterly
, vol.39
, Issue.4
, pp. 457-480
-
-
Reynolds, A.J.1
Bezruczko, N.2
-
63
-
-
0040063908
-
Grade retention doesn't work
-
September 17
-
Reynolds, A. J., Temple, J., and McCoy, A. (1997) Grade retention doesn't work. Education Week, 17(3) [September 17], 36.
-
(1997)
Education Week
, vol.17
, Issue.3
, pp. 36
-
-
Reynolds, A.J.1
Temple, J.2
McCoy, A.3
-
64
-
-
84945581878
-
Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score
-
Rosenbaum, P. R. and Rubin, D. B. (1985). Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score. American Statistician, 39(1), 33-38.
-
(1985)
American Statistician
, vol.39
, Issue.1
, pp. 33-38
-
-
Rosenbaum, P.R.1
Rubin, D.B.2
-
65
-
-
0039536260
-
Effects of grade level retention for four years
-
Rust, J. O., and Wallace, K. A. (1993) Effects of grade level retention for four years. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 20(2), 162-166.
-
(1993)
Journal of Instructional Psychology
, vol.20
, Issue.2
, pp. 162-166
-
-
Rust, J.O.1
Wallace, K.A.2
-
66
-
-
84987031526
-
A high school follow-up of children who were nonpromoted or attended a junior first grade
-
Sandoval, J. and Fitzgerald, P. (1985) A high school follow-up of children who were nonpromoted or attended a junior first grade. Psychology in the Schools, 22(2), 164-170.
-
(1985)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.22
, Issue.2
, pp. 164-170
-
-
Sandoval, J.1
Fitzgerald, P.2
-
68
-
-
0002507340
-
Grade level retention effects: A meta-analysis of research studies
-
L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith eds, London: The Falmer Press
-
Cited in C. T. Holmes (1989). Grade level retention effects: A meta-analysis of research studies. In L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith (eds) Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention. London: The Falmer Press.
-
(1989)
Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention
-
-
Cited in, C.1
Holmes, T.2
-
69
-
-
21344488615
-
The metric matters: The sensitivity of conclusions about growth in student achievement to choice of metric
-
Seltzer, M. H., Frank, K. A., and Bryk, A. S. (1994) The metric matters: The sensitivity of conclusions about growth in student achievement to choice of metric. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 16(1), 41-49.
-
(1994)
Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis
, vol.16
, Issue.1
, pp. 41-49
-
-
Seltzer, M.H.1
Frank, K.A.2
Bryk, A.S.3
-
70
-
-
38349026619
-
-
Shepard, L. (2000). Cited in Ending social promotion by Debra Viadero. Education Week on the Web. (March 15, 2000). Retrieved on June 1, 2004, from [ Online] http://www.edweek.org/ew/ewstory.cfm?slug=27.social. hl9andkeywords=Ending per cent20Social percent20Promotion.
-
Shepard, L. (2000). Cited in Ending social promotion by Debra Viadero. Education Week on the Web. (March 15, 2000). Retrieved on June 1, 2004, from [ Online] http://www.edweek.org/ew/ewstory.cfm?slug=27.social. hl9andkeywords=Ending per cent20Social percent20Promotion.
-
-
-
-
72
-
-
38349000742
-
Understanding research on the consequences of retention
-
H. Walberg, A. J. Reynolds and M. C. Wang eds, Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, Inc
-
Shepard, L. (2004) Understanding research on the consequences of retention. In H. Walberg, A. J. Reynolds and M. C. Wang (eds) Can Unlike Students Learn Together? Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, Inc.
-
(2004)
Can Unlike Students Learn Together
-
-
Shepard, L.1
-
73
-
-
84987014569
-
Effects of kindergarten retention at the end of first grade
-
Shepard, L. and Smith, M. L. (1987) Effects of kindergarten retention at the end of first grade. Psychology in the Schools, 24(4), 346-357.
-
(1987)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.24
, Issue.4
, pp. 346-357
-
-
Shepard, L.1
Smith, M.L.2
-
74
-
-
0002368093
-
Synthesis of research on grade retention
-
Shepard, L. A. and Smith, M. L. (1990) Synthesis of research on grade retention. Educational Leadership, 47(8), 84-88.
-
(1990)
Educational Leadership
, vol.47
, Issue.8
, pp. 84-88
-
-
Shepard, L.A.1
Smith, M.L.2
-
75
-
-
38349016341
-
-
Shepard, L. A., Smith, M. L., and Marion, S. F. (1996) Failed evidence on grade retention. [Review of the book On the success of failure: A reassessment of the effects of retention in the primary grades.] Psychology in the Schools, 33(3), 251-261.
-
Shepard, L. A., Smith, M. L., and Marion, S. F. (1996) Failed evidence on grade retention. [Review of the book On the success of failure: A reassessment of the effects of retention in the primary grades.] Psychology in the Schools, 33(3), 251-261.
-
-
-
-
76
-
-
0030539278
-
The effects of pre-first grade programs on student reading and mathematics achievement
-
Southard, N. A. and May, D. C. (1996) The effects of pre-first grade programs on student reading and mathematics achievement. Psychology in the Schools, 33(2), 132-142.
-
(1996)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.33
, Issue.2
, pp. 132-142
-
-
Southard, N.A.1
May, D.C.2
-
77
-
-
38349078287
-
-
Stoner, G. (1995) Review of the Metropolitan Readiness Tests, 5 ed. In J. C. Impara and J. C. Conoley (eds), Twelfth mental measurements yearbook. Lincoln, NE: The Buros Institute of Mental Measurements, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
-
Stoner, G. (1995) Review of the Metropolitan Readiness Tests, 5 ed. In J. C. Impara and J. C. Conoley (eds), Twelfth mental measurements yearbook. Lincoln, NE: The Buros Institute of Mental Measurements, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
-
-
-
-
78
-
-
0031536245
-
Student retention: Why is there a gap between the majority of research findings and school practice?
-
Tanner, C. K. and Galis, S. A. (1997) Student retention: Why is there a gap between the majority of research findings and school practice? Psychology in the Schools, 34(2), 107-114.
-
(1997)
Psychology in the Schools
, vol.34
, Issue.2
, pp. 107-114
-
-
Tanner, C.K.1
Galis, S.A.2
-
79
-
-
38349002579
-
-
th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
-
th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
-
-
-
-
80
-
-
0012030047
-
-
U.S. Department of Education, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office
-
U.S. Department of Education. (1999) Taking responsibility for ending social promotion. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
-
(1999)
Taking responsibility for ending social promotion
-
-
-
82
-
-
38349026618
-
-
Wilson, M. (1990) [Review of the book Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention.] Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 12(2), 228-230.
-
Wilson, M. (1990) [Review of the book Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention.] Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 12(2), 228-230.
-
-
-
-
83
-
-
0033446553
-
-
Winship, C. and Morgan, S. L. (1999) The estimation of causal effects from observational data. In K.S. Cook and John Hagan (eds) Annual Review of Sociology 25. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
-
Winship, C. and Morgan, S. L. (1999) The estimation of causal effects from observational data. In K.S. Cook and John Hagan (eds) Annual Review of Sociology Vol. 25. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
-
-
-
-
86
-
-
0002507340
-
Grade level retention effects: A meta-analysis of research studies
-
L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith eds, London: The Falmer Press
-
Cited in C. T Holmes (1989). Grade level retention effects: A meta-analysis of research studies. In L. A. Shepard and M. L. Smith (eds) Flunking Grades: Research and Policies on Retention. London: The Falmer Press.
-
(1989)
Flunking Grades: Research and Policies on Retention
-
-
Cited in, C.1
Holmes, T.2
|