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Volumn 85, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 79-91

An appellate perspective on federal sentencing after Booker and Rita

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EID: 38149000913     PISSN: 08839409     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (7)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 38149031928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 453 2007
    • 28 U.S.C.A. § 453 (2007).
    • 28 U.S.C.A
  • 3
    • 33745671075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Michael M. O'Hear, The Original Intent of Uniformity in Federal Sentencing, 74 U. CIN. L. REV. 749, 762-90 (2006);
    • Michael M. O'Hear, The Original Intent of Uniformity in Federal Sentencing, 74 U. CIN. L. REV. 749, 762-90 (2006);
  • 4
    • 23044522851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balanced and Purposeful Departures: Fixing a Jurisprudence that Undermines the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, 76
    • Douglas A. Berman, Balanced and Purposeful Departures: Fixing a Jurisprudence that Undermines the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, 76 NOTRE DAME L. REV. 21, 33-36 (2000).
    • (2000) NOTRE DAME L. REV , vol.21 , pp. 33-36
    • Berman, D.A.1
  • 5
    • 38149044414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. SENTENCING COMM'N, OFFICE OF POLICY ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL INFORMATION PACKET 4, available at http://www.ussc.gov/JUDPACK/2006/lc06.pdf (providing statistics for Fiscal Year 2006).
    • U.S. SENTENCING COMM'N, OFFICE OF POLICY ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL INFORMATION PACKET 4, available at http://www.ussc.gov/JUDPACK/2006/lc06.pdf (providing statistics for Fiscal Year 2006).
  • 6
    • 38149115622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 518 U.S. 81 1996
    • 518 U.S. 81 (1996).
  • 7
    • 38149008392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compare id. at 98 (A district court's decision to depart from the Guidelines . . . will in most cases be due substantial deference, for it embodies the traditional exercise of discretion by a sentencing court.), with Feeney Amendment, Pub. L. No. 108-21, § 401(d), 117 Stat. 650, 670 (2003) (codified at 18 U.S.C.A. § 3742(e) (2007)) (With respect to [departure] determinations . . . the court of appeals shall review de novo the district court's application of the guidelines to the facts.).
    • Compare id. at 98 ("A district court's decision to depart from the Guidelines . . . will in most cases be due substantial deference, for it embodies the traditional exercise of discretion by a sentencing court."), with Feeney Amendment, Pub. L. No. 108-21, § 401(d), 117 Stat. 650, 670 (2003) (codified at 18 U.S.C.A. § 3742(e) (2007)) ("With respect to [departure] determinations . . . the court of appeals shall review de novo the district court's application of the guidelines to the facts.").
  • 8
    • 38149005766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 543 U.S. 220 2005
    • 543 U.S. 220 (2005).
  • 9
    • 38149052470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 127 S. Ct. 2456 (2007).
    • 127 S. Ct. 2456 (2007).
  • 10
    • 38149130043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Booker, 543 U.S. at 224.
    • Booker, 543 U.S. at 224.
  • 11
    • 38149100257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See id. at 249, 259-60.
    • See id. at 249, 259-60.
  • 12
    • 38149117238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(a)4, 2007
    • 18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(a)(4) (2007).
    • 18 U.S.C.A
  • 13
    • 38149054425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(a)5
    • § 3553(a)(5).
  • 14
    • 38149008393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(a)6
    • § 3553(a)(6).
  • 15
    • 38149019426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(a)1
    • § 3553(a)(1).
  • 16
    • 38149077573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(a)2
    • § 3553(a)(2).
  • 17
    • 38149136742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(a)3
    • § 3553(a)(3).
  • 18
    • 38149102677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(a)7
    • § 3553(a)(7).
  • 19
    • 38149103386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 991(b)(1)A, 2007
    • 28 U.S.C.A. § 991(b)(1)(A) (2007);
    • 28 U.S.C.A
  • 20
    • 38149003956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • see also Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2463 (2007) (Congressional statutes . . . tell the Commission to write Guidelines that will carry out these same § 3553(a) objectives.);
    • see also Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2463 (2007) ("Congressional statutes . . . tell the Commission to write Guidelines that will carry out these same § 3553(a) objectives.");
  • 21
    • 38149054424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • id. at 2464-65, 1]t is fair to assume that the Guidelines, insofar as practicable, reflect a rough approximation of sentences that might achieve 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)'s objectives
    • id. at 2464-65 ("[1]t is fair to assume that the Guidelines, insofar as practicable, reflect a rough approximation of sentences that might achieve 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)'s objectives.").
  • 22
    • 38149042187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464.
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464.
  • 23
    • 38149007325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 351 (6th Cir. 2007).
    • United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 351 (6th Cir. 2007).
  • 24
    • 38149136005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Id
    • Id.
  • 25
    • 38149119178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Id. at 358
    • Id. at 358
  • 26
    • 38149054423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (citing Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465).
    • (citing Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465).
  • 27
    • 38149084843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 736 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
    • United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 736 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
  • 28
    • 38149011674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2467.
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2467.
  • 29
    • 38149112106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Id. at 2463;
    • Id. at 2463;
  • 30
    • 38149036080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • see Buchanan, 449 F.3d at 736-37 (Sutton, J., concurring).
    • see Buchanan, 449 F.3d at 736-37 (Sutton, J., concurring).
  • 31
    • 38149005060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2463 (For one thing, the presumption is not binding.);
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2463 ("For one thing, the presumption is not binding.");
  • 32
    • 38149055159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • id. at 2474 (Stevens, J., concurring) ([T]he rebuttability of the presumption is real.).
    • id. at 2474 (Stevens, J., concurring) ("[T]he rebuttability of the presumption is real.").
  • 33
    • 38149064731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poynter, 495 F.3d at 356
    • Poynter, 495 F.3d at 356
  • 34
    • 38149116495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • quoting 18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(c)2, 2007
    • (quoting 18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(c)(2) (2007)).
  • 35
    • 38149004611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2468 ([W]hen a judge decides simply to apply the Guidelines to a particular case, doing so will not necessarily require lengthy explanation.).
    • See Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2468 ("[W]hen a judge decides simply to apply the Guidelines to a particular case, doing so will not necessarily require lengthy explanation.").
  • 36
    • 38149053191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Davis, 458 F.3d 491, 499 (6th Cir. 2006) (vacating a 99.89% downward variance);
    • United States v. Davis, 458 F.3d 491, 499 (6th Cir. 2006) (vacating a 99.89% downward variance);
  • 37
    • 38149066965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • see Poynter, 495 F.3d at 354-55 (vacating a 206% upward variance).
    • see Poynter, 495 F.3d at 354-55 (vacating a 206% upward variance).
  • 38
    • 38149072626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poynter, 495 F.3d at 352
    • Poynter, 495 F.3d at 352
  • 39
    • 38149105250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (quoting Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464).
    • (quoting Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464).
  • 40
    • 38149117533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Davis, 458 F.3d at 495.
    • Davis, 458 F.3d at 495.
  • 41
    • 38149006479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 263 (2005).
    • United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 263 (2005).
  • 42
    • 38149029388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Id
    • Id.
  • 43
    • 38149009895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 738 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
    • United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 738 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
  • 44
    • 38149020209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465 (The sentencing judge, as a matter of process, will normally begin by considering the presentence report and its interpretation of the Guidelines.);
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465 ("The sentencing judge, as a matter of process, will normally begin by considering the presentence report and its interpretation of the Guidelines.");
  • 45
    • 38149136004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Booker, 543 U.S. at 264 (The district courts, while not bound to apply the Guidelines, must consult those Guidelines and take them into account when sentencing.).
    • Booker, 543 U.S. at 264 ("The district courts, while not bound to apply the Guidelines, must consult those Guidelines and take them into account when sentencing.").
  • 46
    • 38148998974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2465.
    • Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2465.
  • 47
    • 38149066235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553(c)2, 2007
    • 18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(c)(2) (2007).
    • 18 U.S.C.A
  • 48
    • 38149045267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 356 (6th Cir. 2007).
    • United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 356 (6th Cir. 2007).
  • 49
    • 38149018704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cf. Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2478 (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment) (Thus, if the contours of reasonableness review must be narrowed in some cases because of constitutional concerns, then they must be narrowed in all cases in light of Congress's desire for a uniform standard of review.);
    • Cf. Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2478 (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment) ("Thus, if the contours of reasonableness review must be narrowed in some cases because of constitutional concerns, then they must be narrowed in all cases in light of Congress's desire for a uniform standard of review.");
  • 50
    • 38149018054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Booker, 543 U.S. at 257 (Congress would not have enacted sentencing statutes that make it more difficult to adjust sentences upward than to adjust them downward).
    • Booker, 543 U.S. at 257 ("Congress would not have enacted sentencing statutes that make it more difficult to adjust sentences upward than to adjust them downward").
  • 51
    • 38149046026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 3553a
    • § 3553(a).
  • 52
    • 38149129640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Id
    • Id.
  • 53
    • 38149037407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL §§ 5H1.5, 5H1.6, 5H1.12 (2006).
    • U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL §§ 5H1.5, 5H1.6, 5H1.12 (2006).
  • 54
    • 38149026549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 446 F.3d 884 (8th Cir. 2006),
    • 446 F.3d 884 (8th Cir. 2006),
  • 55
    • 38149050801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cert, granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-7949).
    • cert, granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-7949).
  • 57
    • 38149042926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cert. granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-6330).
    • cert. granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-6330).
  • 58
    • 38149105249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2462 (2007) (The first question is whether a court of appeals may apply a presumption of reasonableness to a district court sentence that reflects a proper application of the Sentencing Guidelines. We conclude that it can.).
    • Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2462 (2007) ("The first question is whether a court of appeals may apply a presumption of reasonableness to a district court sentence that reflects a proper application of the Sentencing Guidelines. We conclude that it can.").
  • 59
    • 41949098030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 991(b)(1)B, 2007, stating that one purpose of the Sentencing Commission is to devise guidelines that provide certainty and fairness in meeting the purposes of sentencing, while] avoiding unwarranted sentencing disparities among defendants with similar records who have been found guilty of similar criminal conduct
    • See 28 U.S.C.A. § 991(b)(1)(B) (2007) (stating that one purpose of the Sentencing Commission is to devise guidelines that "provide certainty and fairness in meeting the purposes of sentencing, [while] avoiding unwarranted sentencing disparities among defendants with similar records who have been found guilty of similar criminal conduct . . . .");
    • See 28 U.S.C.A
  • 61
    • 38149104858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 737 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
    • United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 737 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
  • 62
    • 38149134706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • § 991(b)(1)B
    • § 991(b)(1)(B).
  • 63
    • 38149024353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 357 (6th Cir. 2007).
    • United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 357 (6th Cir. 2007).
  • 64
    • 38149116494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Id
    • Id.
  • 65
    • 38149046786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OHIO QUICKFACTS FROM THE U.S. CENSUS BUREAU, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39000.html (last visited Aug. 20, 2007).
    • OHIO QUICKFACTS FROM THE U.S. CENSUS BUREAU, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39000.html (last visited Aug. 20, 2007).
  • 66
    • 38149079058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA ONLINE, http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States (last visited Sept. 17, 2007).
    • See ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA ONLINE, http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States (last visited Sept. 17, 2007).


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