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1
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38149031928
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§ 453 2007
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28 U.S.C.A. § 453 (2007).
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28 U.S.C.A
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3
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33745671075
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Michael M. O'Hear, The Original Intent of Uniformity in Federal Sentencing, 74 U. CIN. L. REV. 749, 762-90 (2006);
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Michael M. O'Hear, The Original Intent of Uniformity in Federal Sentencing, 74 U. CIN. L. REV. 749, 762-90 (2006);
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4
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23044522851
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Balanced and Purposeful Departures: Fixing a Jurisprudence that Undermines the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, 76
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Douglas A. Berman, Balanced and Purposeful Departures: Fixing a Jurisprudence that Undermines the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, 76 NOTRE DAME L. REV. 21, 33-36 (2000).
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(2000)
NOTRE DAME L. REV
, vol.21
, pp. 33-36
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Berman, D.A.1
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5
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38149044414
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U.S. SENTENCING COMM'N, OFFICE OF POLICY ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL INFORMATION PACKET 4, available at http://www.ussc.gov/JUDPACK/2006/lc06.pdf (providing statistics for Fiscal Year 2006).
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U.S. SENTENCING COMM'N, OFFICE OF POLICY ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL INFORMATION PACKET 4, available at http://www.ussc.gov/JUDPACK/2006/lc06.pdf (providing statistics for Fiscal Year 2006).
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6
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38149115622
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518 U.S. 81 1996
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518 U.S. 81 (1996).
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7
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38149008392
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Compare id. at 98 (A district court's decision to depart from the Guidelines . . . will in most cases be due substantial deference, for it embodies the traditional exercise of discretion by a sentencing court.), with Feeney Amendment, Pub. L. No. 108-21, § 401(d), 117 Stat. 650, 670 (2003) (codified at 18 U.S.C.A. § 3742(e) (2007)) (With respect to [departure] determinations . . . the court of appeals shall review de novo the district court's application of the guidelines to the facts.).
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Compare id. at 98 ("A district court's decision to depart from the Guidelines . . . will in most cases be due substantial deference, for it embodies the traditional exercise of discretion by a sentencing court."), with Feeney Amendment, Pub. L. No. 108-21, § 401(d), 117 Stat. 650, 670 (2003) (codified at 18 U.S.C.A. § 3742(e) (2007)) ("With respect to [departure] determinations . . . the court of appeals shall review de novo the district court's application of the guidelines to the facts.").
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8
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38149005766
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543 U.S. 220 2005
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543 U.S. 220 (2005).
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9
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38149052470
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127 S. Ct. 2456 (2007).
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127 S. Ct. 2456 (2007).
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10
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38149130043
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Booker, 543 U.S. at 224.
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Booker, 543 U.S. at 224.
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11
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38149100257
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See id. at 249, 259-60.
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See id. at 249, 259-60.
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12
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38149117238
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§ 3553(a)4, 2007
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18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(a)(4) (2007).
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18 U.S.C.A
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13
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38149054425
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§ 3553(a)5
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§ 3553(a)(5).
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14
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38149008393
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§ 3553(a)6
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§ 3553(a)(6).
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15
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38149019426
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§ 3553(a)1
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§ 3553(a)(1).
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16
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38149077573
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§ 3553(a)2
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§ 3553(a)(2).
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17
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38149136742
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§ 3553(a)3
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§ 3553(a)(3).
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18
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38149102677
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§ 3553(a)7
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§ 3553(a)(7).
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19
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38149103386
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§ 991(b)(1)A, 2007
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28 U.S.C.A. § 991(b)(1)(A) (2007);
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28 U.S.C.A
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20
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38149003956
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see also Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2463 (2007) (Congressional statutes . . . tell the Commission to write Guidelines that will carry out these same § 3553(a) objectives.);
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see also Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2463 (2007) ("Congressional statutes . . . tell the Commission to write Guidelines that will carry out these same § 3553(a) objectives.");
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21
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38149054424
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id. at 2464-65, 1]t is fair to assume that the Guidelines, insofar as practicable, reflect a rough approximation of sentences that might achieve 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)'s objectives
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id. at 2464-65 ("[1]t is fair to assume that the Guidelines, insofar as practicable, reflect a rough approximation of sentences that might achieve 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)'s objectives.").
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22
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38149042187
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464.
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464.
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23
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38149007325
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United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 351 (6th Cir. 2007).
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United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 351 (6th Cir. 2007).
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24
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38149136005
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Id
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Id.
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25
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38149119178
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Id. at 358
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Id. at 358
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26
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38149054423
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(citing Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465).
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(citing Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465).
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27
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38149084843
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United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 736 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
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United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 736 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
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28
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38149011674
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2467.
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2467.
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29
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38149112106
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Id. at 2463;
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Id. at 2463;
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30
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38149036080
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see Buchanan, 449 F.3d at 736-37 (Sutton, J., concurring).
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see Buchanan, 449 F.3d at 736-37 (Sutton, J., concurring).
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31
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38149005060
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2463 (For one thing, the presumption is not binding.);
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2463 ("For one thing, the presumption is not binding.");
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32
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38149055159
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id. at 2474 (Stevens, J., concurring) ([T]he rebuttability of the presumption is real.).
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id. at 2474 (Stevens, J., concurring) ("[T]he rebuttability of the presumption is real.").
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33
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38149064731
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Poynter, 495 F.3d at 356
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Poynter, 495 F.3d at 356
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34
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38149116495
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quoting 18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(c)2, 2007
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(quoting 18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(c)(2) (2007)).
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35
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38149004611
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See Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2468 ([W]hen a judge decides simply to apply the Guidelines to a particular case, doing so will not necessarily require lengthy explanation.).
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See Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2468 ("[W]hen a judge decides simply to apply the Guidelines to a particular case, doing so will not necessarily require lengthy explanation.").
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36
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38149053191
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United States v. Davis, 458 F.3d 491, 499 (6th Cir. 2006) (vacating a 99.89% downward variance);
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United States v. Davis, 458 F.3d 491, 499 (6th Cir. 2006) (vacating a 99.89% downward variance);
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37
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38149066965
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see Poynter, 495 F.3d at 354-55 (vacating a 206% upward variance).
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see Poynter, 495 F.3d at 354-55 (vacating a 206% upward variance).
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38
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38149072626
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Poynter, 495 F.3d at 352
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Poynter, 495 F.3d at 352
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39
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38149105250
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(quoting Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464).
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(quoting Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2464).
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40
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38149117533
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Davis, 458 F.3d at 495.
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Davis, 458 F.3d at 495.
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41
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38149006479
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United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 263 (2005).
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United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 263 (2005).
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42
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38149029388
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Id
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Id.
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43
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38149009895
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United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 738 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
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United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 738 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
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44
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38149020209
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465 (The sentencing judge, as a matter of process, will normally begin by considering the presentence report and its interpretation of the Guidelines.);
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Rita, 127 S. Ct. at 2465 ("The sentencing judge, as a matter of process, will normally begin by considering the presentence report and its interpretation of the Guidelines.");
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45
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38149136004
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Booker, 543 U.S. at 264 (The district courts, while not bound to apply the Guidelines, must consult those Guidelines and take them into account when sentencing.).
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Booker, 543 U.S. at 264 ("The district courts, while not bound to apply the Guidelines, must consult those Guidelines and take them into account when sentencing.").
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46
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38148998974
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Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2465.
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Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2465.
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47
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38149066235
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§ 3553(c)2, 2007
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18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(c)(2) (2007).
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18 U.S.C.A
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48
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38149045267
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United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 356 (6th Cir. 2007).
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United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 356 (6th Cir. 2007).
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49
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38149018704
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Cf. Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2478 (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment) (Thus, if the contours of reasonableness review must be narrowed in some cases because of constitutional concerns, then they must be narrowed in all cases in light of Congress's desire for a uniform standard of review.);
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Cf. Rita, 127 S. Ct at 2478 (Scalia, J., concurring in the judgment) ("Thus, if the contours of reasonableness review must be narrowed in some cases because of constitutional concerns, then they must be narrowed in all cases in light of Congress's desire for a uniform standard of review.");
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50
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38149018054
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Booker, 543 U.S. at 257 (Congress would not have enacted sentencing statutes that make it more difficult to adjust sentences upward than to adjust them downward).
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Booker, 543 U.S. at 257 ("Congress would not have enacted sentencing statutes that make it more difficult to adjust sentences upward than to adjust them downward").
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51
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38149046026
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§ 3553a
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§ 3553(a).
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52
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38149129640
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Id
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Id.
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53
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38149037407
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U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL §§ 5H1.5, 5H1.6, 5H1.12 (2006).
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U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL §§ 5H1.5, 5H1.6, 5H1.12 (2006).
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54
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38149026549
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446 F.3d 884 (8th Cir. 2006),
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446 F.3d 884 (8th Cir. 2006),
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55
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38149050801
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cert, granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-7949).
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cert, granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-7949).
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57
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38149042926
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cert. granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-6330).
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cert. granted, 127 S. Ct. 2933 (U.S. June 11, 2007) (No. 06-6330).
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58
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38149105249
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Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2462 (2007) (The first question is whether a court of appeals may apply a presumption of reasonableness to a district court sentence that reflects a proper application of the Sentencing Guidelines. We conclude that it can.).
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Rita v. United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2462 (2007) ("The first question is whether a court of appeals may apply a presumption of reasonableness to a district court sentence that reflects a proper application of the Sentencing Guidelines. We conclude that it can.").
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59
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41949098030
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§ 991(b)(1)B, 2007, stating that one purpose of the Sentencing Commission is to devise guidelines that provide certainty and fairness in meeting the purposes of sentencing, while] avoiding unwarranted sentencing disparities among defendants with similar records who have been found guilty of similar criminal conduct
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See 28 U.S.C.A. § 991(b)(1)(B) (2007) (stating that one purpose of the Sentencing Commission is to devise guidelines that "provide certainty and fairness in meeting the purposes of sentencing, [while] avoiding unwarranted sentencing disparities among defendants with similar records who have been found guilty of similar criminal conduct . . . .");
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See 28 U.S.C.A
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61
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38149104858
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United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 737 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
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United States v. Buchanan, 449 F.3d 731, 737 (6th Cir. 2006) (Sutton, J., concurring).
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62
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38149134706
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§ 991(b)(1)B
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§ 991(b)(1)(B).
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63
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38149024353
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United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 357 (6th Cir. 2007).
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United States v. Poynter, 495 F.3d 349, 357 (6th Cir. 2007).
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64
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38149116494
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Id
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Id.
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65
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38149046786
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OHIO QUICKFACTS FROM THE U.S. CENSUS BUREAU, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39000.html (last visited Aug. 20, 2007).
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OHIO QUICKFACTS FROM THE U.S. CENSUS BUREAU, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39000.html (last visited Aug. 20, 2007).
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66
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38149079058
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See ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA ONLINE, http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States (last visited Sept. 17, 2007).
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See ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA ONLINE, http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States (last visited Sept. 17, 2007).
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