Do mountain bikers have a higher risk of scrotal disorders than on-road cyclists?

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 49-54

  Mitterberger, Michael ^a   Pinggera, Germer M ^a   Neuwirt, Hannes ^a   Colleselli, Daniela ^a   Pelzer, Alexandre ^a   Bartsch, Georg ^a   Strasser, Hannes ^a   Gradl, Johann ^a   Pallwein, Leo ^a   Frauscher, Ferdinand ^a  

^a INNSBRUCK MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Austria)

Author keywords

Bikers; Scrotum; Ultrasound

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; AUSTRIA; CALCIFICATION; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CYCLING; ECHOGRAPHY; EPIDIDYMIS DISEASE; HUMAN; HYDROCELE; MALE; MEDICAL SCHOOL; MOUNTAIN BIKER; NORMAL HUMAN; ON ROAD CYCLIST; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCROTUM DISORDER; SPERMATOCELE; VARICOCELE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AUSTRIA; BICYCLING; HUMANS; MALE; SCROTUM; SPERMATOCELE; TESTICULAR HYDROCELE;

EID: 38049184453     PISSN: 1050642X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e31815c042f     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Paffenbarger RS Jr, Hyde RT, Wing AL, et al. Physical activity, allcause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:605-613.
2. Paffenbarger RS Jr, Lee IM. Physical activity and fitness for health and longevity. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1996;67:S11-S28.
3. Siscovick DS, LaPorte RE, Newman JM. The disease-specific benefits and risks of physical activity and exercise. Public Health Rep. 1985;100:180-188.
4. Wenger HA, Bell GJ. The interactions of intensity, frequency and duration of exercise training in altering cardiorespiratory fitness. Sports Med. 1986;3:346-356.
5. Sacks JJ, Holmgreen P, Smith SM, et al. Bicycle-associated head injuries and deaths in the United States from 1984 through 1988. How many are preventable? JAMA. 1991;266:3016-3018.
6. Spears IR, Cummins NK, Brenchley Z, et al. The effect of saddle design on stresses in the perineum during cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35:1620-1625.
7. Tucci JJ, Barone JE. A study of urban bicycling accidents. Am J Sports Med. 1988;16:181-184.
8. Conti-Wyneken AR. Bicycling injuries. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 1999;10:67-76.
9. Weiss BD. Nontraumatic injuries in amateur long distance bicyclists. Am J Sports Med. 1985;13:187-192.
10. Wilber CA, Holland GJ, Madison RE, et al. An epidemiological analysis of overuse injuries among recreational cyclists. Int J Sports Med. 1995;16:201-206.
11. Dannenberg AL, Needle S, Mullady D, et al. Predictors of injury among 1638 riders in a recreational long-distance bicycle tour: Cycle Across Maryland. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24:747-753.
12. Andersen KV, Bovim G. Impotence and nerve entrapment in long distance amateur cyclists. Acta Neurol Scand. 1997;95:233-240.
13. Salai M, Brosh T, Blankstein A, et al. Effect of changing the saddle angle on the incidence of low back pain in recreational bicyclists. Br J Sports Med. 1999;33:398-400.
14. Sommer F, Konig D, Graft C, et al. Impotence and genital numbness in cyclists. Int J Sports Med. 2001;22:410-413.
15. Patterson JM, Jaggars MM, Boyer MI. Ulnar and median nerve palsy in long-distance cyclists. A prospective study. Am J Sports Med. 2003;31:585-589.
16. Dettori JR, Koepsell TD, Cummings P, et al. Erectile dysfunction after a long-distance cycling event: associations with bicycle characteristics. J Urol. 2004;172:637-641.
17. Taylor JA 3rd, Kao TC, Albertsen PC, et al. Bicycle riding and its relationship to the development of erectile dysfunction. J Urol. 2004;172:1028-1031.
18. Mellion MB. Common cycling injuries. Management and prevention. Sports Med. 1991;11:52-70.
19. Pfeiffer RP, Kronisch RL. Off-road cycling injuries. An overview. Sports Med. 1995;19:311-325.
20. Vuong PN, Camuzard P, Schoonaert MF. Perineal nodular indurations ("accessory testicles") in cyclists. Fine needle aspiration cytologic and pathologic findings in two cases. Acta Cytol. 1988;32:86-90.
21. O'Brien KP. Sports urology: the vicious cycle. N Engl J Med. 1981;304:1367-1368.
22. Krone KD, Carroll BA. Scrotal ultrasound. Radiol Clin North Am. 1985;23:121-139.
23. Leung ML, Gooding GA, Williams RD. High-resolution sonography of scrotal contents in asymptomatic subjects. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1984;143:161-164.
24. Nashan D, Behre HM, Grunert JH, et al. Diagnostic value of scrotal sonography in infertile men: report on 658 cases. Andrologia. 1990;22:387-395.
25. Frauscher F, Klauser A, Stenzl A, et al. US findings in the scrotum of extreme mountain bikers. Radiology. 2001;219:427-431.
26. Linkowski GD, Avellone A, Gooding GA. Scrotal calculi: sonographic detection. Radiology. 1985;156:484.
27. Dewbury KC. Scrotal ultrasonography: an update. BJU Int. 2000;86 (Suppl 1):143-152.
28. Horstman WG. Scrotal imaging. Urol Clin North Am. 1997;24:653-671.
29. Dogra VS, Gottlieb RH, Oka M, et al. Sonography of the scrotum. Radiology. 2003;227:18-36.
30. Micallef M, Torreggiani WC, Hurley M, et al. The ultrasound investigation of scrotal swelling. Int J STD AIDS. 2000;11:297-302.
31. Meacham RB, Townsend RR, Rademacher D, et al. The incidence of varicoceles in the general population when evaluated by physical examination, gray scale sonography and color Doppler sonography. J Urol. 1994;151:1535-1538.
32. Pierik FH, Dohle GR, van Muiswinkel JM, et al. Is routine scrotal ultrasound advantageous in infertile men? J Urol. 1999;162:1618-1620.
33. Turgut AT, Kosar U, Kosar P, et al. Scrotal sonographic findings in equestrians. J Ultrasound Med. 2005;24:911-917.
34. Baeyens L, Vermeersch E, Bourgeois P. Bicyclist's vulva: observational study. BMJ. 2002;325:138-139.