메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 571-591

Mercury flow via coal and coal utilization by-products: A global perspective

Author keywords

China, India, and a few other countries; Coal; Coal fly ash; Material flow; Mercury; Uses of fly ash

Indexed keywords

BIOACCUMULATION; COAL; ELECTRICITY; EMISSION CONTROL; FLUE GASES; FLY ASH; MERCURY (METAL); TOXICITY;

EID: 38049081478     PISSN: 09213449     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2007.09.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (141)

References (159)
  • 1
    • 38049060018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACAA (American Coal Ash Association). Coal ash combustion product (CCP): product and use survey. Ash at work, issue 11; 2007.
  • 2
    • 38049038010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aljoe WW, Feeley III TJ, Brickett LA, Schroeder KT, Murphy JT. Environmental release of mercury from coal utilization by-products: will new mercury controls at power plants make a difference. Ash at Work, Summer/Fall; 2005. p. 12-6.
  • 3
    • 0018997203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alvardo B. Recursos de carbón in Suramérica: Revue de L'Institut Français du Pétrole 1980;35(2):387-421.
  • 4
    • 38049093460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ando J. Flue gas cleaning technology in the world. Technical report. Tokyo: Coal Technology Institute; 1990.
  • 5
    • 0030146391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sorptive removal of cesium-137 and strontium-90 from water by unconventional sorbents. II. Usage of coal fly ash
    • Apak R., Atun G., Guclu K., and Tutem E. Sorptive removal of cesium-137 and strontium-90 from water by unconventional sorbents. II. Usage of coal fly ash. J Nucl Sci Technol 33 (1996) 396-402
    • (1996) J Nucl Sci Technol , vol.33 , pp. 396-402
    • Apak, R.1    Atun, G.2    Guclu, K.3    Tutem, E.4
  • 6
    • 4544347135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics variation of coal combustion residues in an Indian ash pond
    • Asokan P., Saxena M., Aparna A., and Asoletar S.R. Characteristics variation of coal combustion residues in an Indian ash pond. Waste Manage Res 22 (1996) 265-275
    • (1996) Waste Manage Res , vol.22 , pp. 265-275
    • Asokan, P.1    Saxena, M.2    Aparna, A.3    Asoletar, S.R.4
  • 8
    • 38049087709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barnes I, Sear L. Ash utilisation from coal-based power plants. Report no. COAL R274. DTI/Pub URN 04/1915; December 2004. 114 p. URL: http://www.dti.gov.uk/files/file19179.pdf [accessed on May 10, 2007].
  • 11
    • 0036467152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of fly utilisation in India
    • Bhattacharjee U., and Kandpal T.C. Potential of fly utilisation in India. Energy 27 (2002) 151-166
    • (2002) Energy , vol.27 , pp. 151-166
    • Bhattacharjee, U.1    Kandpal, T.C.2
  • 12
    • 38049064579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bhatty JI, Gajda J. A new beneficial use for "Unusable" fly ash. Ash at work. American Coal Ash Association, Aurora, CO, USA; 2005. p. 18-22.
  • 13
    • 38049029300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BP. Proved coal reserves at end of 2002. BP Statistical Review of World Energy. London, UK; 2003.
  • 14
    • 38049021177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brooks WE, Finkelman RB, Willett JC, Gurmendi AC, Yager TR, Miranda RC, et al. US Geological Survey Open File Report 2006-1241. World Coal Quality Inventory: Peru; 2001. p. 161-83 [Chapter 5].
  • 15
    • 38049021176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DoE control technology R&D, managing hazardous air pollutants
    • Washington, DC, November 12-14
    • Brown T. DoE control technology R&D, managing hazardous air pollutants. Fourth international conference. Washington, DC, November 12-14 (1997)
    • (1997) Fourth international conference
    • Brown, T.1
  • 16
    • 0032993177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury measurement and its control: what we know, have learned and need to further investigate
    • Brown T.D., Smith D.N., Hargis Jr. R.A., and O'Dowd W.J. Mercury measurement and its control: what we know, have learned and need to further investigate. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. (1999) 1-97
    • (1999) J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. , pp. 1-97
    • Brown, T.D.1    Smith, D.N.2    Hargis Jr., R.A.3    O'Dowd, W.J.4
  • 17
    • 38049049878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brown III WM, Matos GR, Sullivan DE. Materials and energy flows in the earth science century: a summary of a workshop held by the USGS in November 1998. US Geological Survey Circular 1194, US Geological Survey, Denver, CO, USA; 2000. 71 pp. URL: http://greenwood.cr.usgs.gov/pub/circulars/c1194/ [accessed on December 18, 2006].
  • 18
    • 38048999164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burke M. CCP experts gather in India. Ash at Work, 2. American Coal Ash Association, CO 80014, USA; 2007. p. 17-19.
  • 19
    • 38049005070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Butz J, Albiston J. Use of fly ash fractions from western coals for mercury removal from coal fired flue gas streams. In: Proceedings of the air quality II: mercury, trace elements, and particulate matter conference; 2000. Paper A4-5.
  • 20
    • 38049095804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carey TR, Skarupa RC, Hargrove Jr OW. Enhanced control of mercury and other HAPs by innovative modifications to wet FGD processes. Phase I report for the US Department of Energy, contract no. DE-AC22-95P95260; August 28, 1998.
  • 21
    • 0037112850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing trends in sulfur emissions in Asia: implications for acid deposition, air pollution, and climate
    • Carmichael G.R., Streets D.G., Calori G., Ammann M., Jacobson M.Z., Hansen L., et al. Changing trends in sulfur emissions in Asia: implications for acid deposition, air pollution, and climate. Environ Sci Technol 27 (2002) 4707-4713
    • (2002) Environ Sci Technol , vol.27 , pp. 4707-4713
    • Carmichael, G.R.1    Streets, D.G.2    Calori, G.3    Ammann, M.4    Jacobson, M.Z.5    Hansen, L.6
  • 22
    • 38049011995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCME (Canadian Coincil of Ministers of the Environment). Canada-wide standards for mercury emissions from coal-fired electric power generation plants [draft proposal June 2005]; 2005. URL: http://www.ccme.ca/assets/pdf/canada_wide_standards_hgepg.pdf.
  • 24
    • 38049001613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chang R. The development of cost effective mercury control sorption processes. In: Proceedings of air quality II: mercury, trace elements, and particulate matter conference; 2000. Paper A4-2.
  • 26
    • 7044229927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiochemical properties of Chinese pulverized coal ash in relation to sulfur retention
    • Cheng J., Zhou J., Liu J., Cao X., Zhou Z., Huang Z., et al. Physiochemical properties of Chinese pulverized coal ash in relation to sulfur retention. Powder Technol 146 (2004) 169-175
    • (2004) Powder Technol , vol.146 , pp. 169-175
    • Cheng, J.1    Zhou, J.2    Liu, J.3    Cao, X.4    Zhou, Z.5    Huang, Z.6
  • 27
    • 38049044066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chikkatur AP, Sagar AD. Towards a better technological policy for coal-based power in India; 2005. URL: http://cea.nic.in/thermal/Shelf_of_Thermal_Power_Projects_11th%20Plan.pdf [accessed on January 3, 2007].
  • 29
    • 32644440645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enrichment of arsenic, antimony, mercury and thallium in a Late Permian anthracite from Xingren, Guizhou, Southwest China
    • Dai S., Zeng R., and Sun Y. Enrichment of arsenic, antimony, mercury and thallium in a Late Permian anthracite from Xingren, Guizhou, Southwest China. Int J Coal Geol 66 3 (2006) 217-226
    • (2006) Int J Coal Geol , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 217-226
    • Dai, S.1    Zeng, R.2    Sun, Y.3
  • 31
    • 3543054156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modes of occurrence of mercury and other trace elements in coals from the warrior field, Black Warrior Basin, Northwestern Alabama
    • Diehl S.F., Goldhaber M.B., and Hatch J.R. Modes of occurrence of mercury and other trace elements in coals from the warrior field, Black Warrior Basin, Northwestern Alabama. Int J Coal Geol 59 (2004) 193-208
    • (2004) Int J Coal Geol , vol.59 , pp. 193-208
    • Diehl, S.F.1    Goldhaber, M.B.2    Hatch, J.R.3
  • 32
    • 38049044494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy Information Administration. Venezuela: U.S. Department of Energy; 2002. We site at: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/venez.html [accessed on October 20, 2006].
  • 33
    • 38049038922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy Information Administration. Colombia; 2003. Online access: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/colombia.html.
  • 34
    • 38049078065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy Information Administration. World energy database 2004: energy information administration database available at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-389.
  • 35
    • 38049019927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eskon Annual Report; 2006. http://www.eskom.co.za/email_legalnotice.
  • 36
    • 38049062263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ETC/RWM (European Tropic Centre on Resource and Waste Management). Outlook for waste and material flows: base line and alternative scenarios. ETC/RWM working paper 2005/1: 104 pp.
  • 37
    • 38049042460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ETC/RWM (European Tropic Centre on Resource and Waste Management). Economic instruments to promote material resource efficiency. ETC/RWM working paper 2006/1: 86 pp.
  • 38
    • 38049013007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferris DD, Bencho JR, Torak ER. Engineering development of advanced physical fine coal cleaning technologies-froth flotation. ICF Kaiser engineers final report for U.S. Department of Energy Agreement No. DE-AC22-88PC88881; December 1992.
  • 39
    • 0006777003 scopus 로고
    • What we don't know about the occurrence and distribution of the trace elements in coal
    • Finkelman R.B. What we don't know about the occurrence and distribution of the trace elements in coal. Int J Coal Quality 3 3-4 (1989) 63-66
    • (1989) Int J Coal Quality , vol.3 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 63-66
    • Finkelman, R.B.1
  • 40
    • 0027966669 scopus 로고
    • Mode of occurrence of potentially hazardous elements in coal: levels of confidence
    • Finkelman R.B. Mode of occurrence of potentially hazardous elements in coal: levels of confidence. Fuel Process Technol 39 1-3 (1994) 21-34
    • (1994) Fuel Process Technol , vol.39 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 21-34
    • Finkelman, R.B.1
  • 41
    • 1542316842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finkelman RB. Mercury in coal and mercury emissions from coal combustion. In: Gray JE (Ed.), Geological studies of mercury by the US geological survey. Circulation 2003;1248:9-11.
  • 45
    • 6344279581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coal use and fly ash disposal in Israel
    • Lexington, Ky
    • Foner H.A., and Robh T.L. Coal use and fly ash disposal in Israel. Energeia 8 5 (1997) 1-6 Lexington, Ky
    • (1997) Energeia , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 1-6
    • Foner, H.A.1    Robh, T.L.2
  • 46
    • 38049061759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fossil Energy International. An energy overview of Venezuela: fossil energy international (U.S. Department of Energy); 2002. Website at: http://www.fe.doe.gov/international/venezover.html.
  • 47
    • 0010734331 scopus 로고
    • Coal combustion: nuclear resource or danger
    • Gabbard A. Coal combustion: nuclear resource or danger. ORNL Res 26 (1993) 3-4
    • (1993) ORNL Res , vol.26 , pp. 3-4
    • Gabbard, A.1
  • 48
    • 0034205217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury transformations in coal combustion flue gas
    • Galbreath K.C., and Zygarlicke C.J. Mercury transformations in coal combustion flue gas. Fuel Process Technol 65 (2000) 289-310
    • (2000) Fuel Process Technol , vol.65 , pp. 289-310
    • Galbreath, K.C.1    Zygarlicke, C.J.2
  • 50
    • 38049068365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • González Cantú NJD. Towards a sustainable energy production: a study and comparison of the coal and biomass energy production systems. Lund University, Sweden. MSc Thesis in Int Environ Sci; 2005. 38 pp.
  • 52
    • 1542334437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the significance of mercury release from coal fly ash
    • Gustin M.S., and Ladwig K. An assessment of the significance of mercury release from coal fly ash. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 54 (2004) 320-330
    • (2004) J Air Waste Manage Assoc , vol.54 , pp. 320-330
    • Gustin, M.S.1    Ladwig, K.2
  • 53
    • 0028957416 scopus 로고
    • The homogeneous gas phase reaction of mercury with oxygen, and the corresponding heterogeneous reactions in the presence of activated carbon and fly ash
    • Hall B., Schager P., and Weesmaa J. The homogeneous gas phase reaction of mercury with oxygen, and the corresponding heterogeneous reactions in the presence of activated carbon and fly ash. Chemosphere 30 (1995) 611-627
    • (1995) Chemosphere , vol.30 , pp. 611-627
    • Hall, B.1    Schager, P.2    Weesmaa, J.3
  • 54
    • 0032751961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury capture on the coal combustion fly ash
    • Hassett D.J., and Eylands K.E. Mercury capture on the coal combustion fly ash. Fuel 78 (1999) 243-248
    • (1999) Fuel , vol.78 , pp. 243-248
    • Hassett, D.J.1    Eylands, K.E.2
  • 55
    • 0036333985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of mercury vapor from coal combustion ash
    • Heebink L.V., and Hassett D.J. Release of mercury vapor from coal combustion ash. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 52 (2002) 927-930
    • (2002) J Air Waste Manage Assoc , vol.52 , pp. 927-930
    • Heebink, L.V.1    Hassett, D.J.2
  • 56
    • 18544369600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury release from FGD
    • Heebink L.V., and Hassett D.J. Mercury release from FGD. Fuel 84 (2005) 1372-1377
    • (2005) Fuel , vol.84 , pp. 1372-1377
    • Heebink, L.V.1    Hassett, D.J.2
  • 57
    • 79551576194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ash (CCPs) utilization-an Australian perspective
    • Lexington, Kentucky, USA, April 11-15, CAER, University of Kentucky
    • Heidrich C. Ash (CCPs) utilization-an Australian perspective. Proceedings of the international ash utilization symposium. Lexington, Kentucky, USA, April 11-15 (2003), CAER, University of Kentucky 2003
    • (2003) Proceedings of the international ash utilization symposium , pp. 2003
    • Heidrich, C.1
  • 58
    • 38049004533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hilliard HE. The materials flow vanadium in the United States. United States Department of the Interior, Information Circular No. 9409; 1994. p. 20.
  • 60
    • 84899108189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World energy outlook
    • IEA. World energy outlook. Int Energy Agency (2004) 577
    • (2004) Int Energy Agency , pp. 577
    • IEA1
  • 61
    • 33746593343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emission of mercury and other trace elements from coal-fired power plants in Japan
    • Ito S., Yokoyama T., and Asakura K. Emission of mercury and other trace elements from coal-fired power plants in Japan. Sci Total Environ 368 (2006) 387-402
    • (2006) Sci Total Environ , vol.368 , pp. 387-402
    • Ito, S.1    Yokoyama, T.2    Asakura, K.3
  • 62
    • 0026831514 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of saturated hydraulic conductivity of soils from particle size distribution and bulk density data
    • Jabro J.D. Estimation of saturated hydraulic conductivity of soils from particle size distribution and bulk density data. Am Soc Agric Eng 35 (1992) 557-560
    • (1992) Am Soc Agric Eng , vol.35 , pp. 557-560
    • Jabro, J.D.1
  • 63
    • 27844519773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mobility of trace elements from selected Australian fly ashes and its potential impact on aquatic ecosystems
    • Jankowski J., Ward C.R., French D., and Groves S. Mobility of trace elements from selected Australian fly ashes and its potential impact on aquatic ecosystems. Fuel 85 (2006) 243-256
    • (2006) Fuel , vol.85 , pp. 243-256
    • Jankowski, J.1    Ward, C.R.2    French, D.3    Groves, S.4
  • 64
    • 15744372260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of mercury emission inventory from coal combustion in China
    • [in Chinese]
    • Jiang I.K., Hao J.M., Wu H., Streets D.G., Duan L., and Tiao H.Z. Development of mercury emission inventory from coal combustion in China. Environ Sci 26 (2005) 34-39 [in Chinese]
    • (2005) Environ Sci , vol.26 , pp. 34-39
    • Jiang, I.K.1    Hao, J.M.2    Wu, H.3    Streets, D.G.4    Duan, L.5    Tiao, H.Z.6
  • 66
    • 38049084409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kalyoncu RS. Coal combustion products-production and uses; 2002. URL: http://www.mcrcc.osmre.gov/PPF/Forums/CCB3/1-1.pdf [accessed on October 24, 2006].
  • 67
    • 38049035621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Karlsen AW, Tewalt SJ, Bragg LB, Finkelman RD. The world coal quality inventory: South America. Open-File Report; 2006-1241 [CD-ROM].
  • 68
    • 0002293072 scopus 로고
    • Coal ashes-industrial wastes or beneficial by-products
    • Keefer R.F., and Sajwan K.S. (Eds), Lewes Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, USA
    • Keefer R.F. Coal ashes-industrial wastes or beneficial by-products. In: Keefer R.F., and Sajwan K.S. (Eds). Trace elements in coal and coal combustion residues (1993), Lewes Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, USA 3-9
    • (1993) Trace elements in coal and coal combustion residues , pp. 3-9
    • Keefer, R.F.1
  • 69
    • 0036829231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of fly ash from the combustion of poultry litter for the adsorption of chromium(III) from aqueous solutions
    • Kelleher B.P., O'Callaghan M.N., Leahy M.J., O'Dwyer T.F., and Leahy J.J. The use of fly ash from the combustion of poultry litter for the adsorption of chromium(III) from aqueous solutions. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 77 (2002) 1212-1218
    • (2002) J Chem Technol Biotechnol , vol.77 , pp. 1212-1218
    • Kelleher, B.P.1    O'Callaghan, M.N.2    Leahy, M.J.3    O'Dwyer, T.F.4    Leahy, J.J.5
  • 70
    • 0032864656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of coal ash to environmental improvement: transformation into zeolite, patassium fertilize, and FGD absorbent
    • Kikuchi R. Application of coal ash to environmental improvement: transformation into zeolite, patassium fertilize, and FGD absorbent. Resour Conserv Recycl 27 (1999) 336-346
    • (1999) Resour Conserv Recycl , vol.27 , pp. 336-346
    • Kikuchi, R.1
  • 71
    • 38049007107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Killingley J, McEvoy S, Dokumcu C, Stauber J, Dale L. Trace element leaching from fly-ash from Australian Power Stations. CSIRO Energy Technology, Report on Project C8051, Australia; 2000.
  • 72
    • 0034016414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of anthropogenic sources on temporal distribution characteristics of total gaseous mercury in Korea
    • Kim K.-H., and Kim M.-Y. The effect of anthropogenic sources on temporal distribution characteristics of total gaseous mercury in Korea. Atmos Environ 34 (2000) 3337-3347
    • (2000) Atmos Environ , vol.34 , pp. 3337-3347
    • Kim, K.-H.1    Kim, M.-Y.2
  • 74
    • 38049089983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study on the effect of heavy metal detoxification in children with chronic allergy
    • Tokyo, October 4-7
    • Ko L.Y.Y. A pilot study on the effect of heavy metal detoxification in children with chronic allergy. The 6th Asia pacific congress of allergology and clinical immunology. Tokyo, October 4-7 (2004)
    • (2004) The 6th Asia pacific congress of allergology and clinical immunology
    • Ko, L.Y.Y.1
  • 75
    • 38049054239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kobayashi K. Forcasting supply and demand up to 2030; 2004. IEA. URL: http://www.iea.org/textbase/speech/2005/kk_melbourne.pdf [accessed on June 5, 2005].
  • 76
    • 33750332061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury in coal and the impact of coal quality on mercury emissions from combustion systems
    • Kolker A., Senior C.L., and Quick J.C. Mercury in coal and the impact of coal quality on mercury emissions from combustion systems. Appl Geochem 21 (2006) 1821-1836
    • (2006) Appl Geochem , vol.21 , pp. 1821-1836
    • Kolker, A.1    Senior, C.L.2    Quick, J.C.3
  • 77
    • 33745934504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineralogy and geochemistry of Greek and Chinese coal fly ash
    • Koukouzas N.K., Zeng R., Perdikatsis V., Xu W., and Kakaras E.K. Mineralogy and geochemistry of Greek and Chinese coal fly ash. Fuel 85 (2006) 2301-2309
    • (2006) Fuel , vol.85 , pp. 2301-2309
    • Koukouzas, N.K.1    Zeng, R.2    Perdikatsis, V.3    Xu, W.4    Kakaras, E.K.5
  • 78
    • 38049085414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Krueger RA, Krueger JE. Historical development of coal ash utilisation in South Africa; 2005. URL: http://www.Flyash.info/2005/204kru.pdf [accessed on May 10, 2005].
  • 79
    • 38049000462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kumar V, Zacharia KA, Sharma P. Fly ash utilization: Indian scenarion and case studies; 2005. URL: http://www.tifac.org.in/news/flyindia.htm [accessed on January 3, 2007].
  • 80
    • 32844465714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speciation and mass distribution of mercury in bituminous coal-fired power plant
    • Lee S.J., Seo Y.-C., Jang H.-N., Park K.-S., Baek J.-I., An H.-D., et al. Speciation and mass distribution of mercury in bituminous coal-fired power plant. Atmos Environ 40 (2006) 2215-2224
    • (2006) Atmos Environ , vol.40 , pp. 2215-2224
    • Lee, S.J.1    Seo, Y.-C.2    Jang, H.-N.3    Park, K.-S.4    Baek, J.-I.5    An, H.-D.6
  • 81
    • 33646782622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fly ash effect on improving soil properties and rice productivity in Korea paddy soils
    • Lee H., Sung H., Lee C., Lee Y., and Kim P. Fly ash effect on improving soil properties and rice productivity in Korea paddy soils. Bioresource 97 (2006) 1490-1497
    • (2006) Bioresource , vol.97 , pp. 1490-1497
    • Lee, H.1    Sung, H.2    Lee, C.3    Lee, Y.4    Kim, P.5
  • 83
    • 0035122226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fate of trace elements in a large coal-fired power plant
    • Llorens J.F., Fernández J.L., and Querol X. The fate of trace elements in a large coal-fired power plant. Environ Geol 40 4-5 (2000) 409-416
    • (2000) Environ Geol , vol.40 , Issue.4-5 , pp. 409-416
    • Llorens, J.F.1    Fernández, J.L.2    Querol, X.3
  • 84
    • 0012509624 scopus 로고
    • United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines Information Circulation, IC 9382 p. 1-12
    • Loebenstein J.R. The materials flow of arsenic in the United States (1994), United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines Information Circulation, IC 9382 p. 1-12
    • (1994) The materials flow of arsenic in the United States
    • Loebenstein, J.R.1
  • 85
    • 33645855221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Martínez-Tarazona MREvaluation of mercury associations in two coals of different rank using physical separation procedures
    • López-Antón M.A., Díaz-Somoano M., and García A.B. Martínez-Tarazona MREvaluation of mercury associations in two coals of different rank using physical separation procedures. Fuel 85 (2006) 1389-1395
    • (2006) Fuel , vol.85 , pp. 1389-1395
    • López-Antón, M.A.1    Díaz-Somoano, M.2    García, A.B.3
  • 87
    • 0034205288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of coal preparation technologies for controlling trace element emissions
    • 407-422
    • Luttrell G.H., Kohmuench J.N., and Yoon R.-H. An evaluation of coal preparation technologies for controlling trace element emissions. Fuel Process Technol (2000) 65-66 407-422
    • (2000) Fuel Process Technol , pp. 65-66
    • Luttrell, G.H.1    Kohmuench, J.N.2    Yoon, R.-H.3
  • 88
    • 0015160411 scopus 로고
    • Availability of plant nutrients in fly ash
    • Martens D.C. Availability of plant nutrients in fly ash. Compost Sci 12 (1971) 15-19
    • (1971) Compost Sci , vol.12 , pp. 15-19
    • Martens, D.C.1
  • 89
    • 38049081235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manz, OE. Worldwide production of coal ash and utilization in concrete. Paper presented at: Fourth international conference on the use of fly ash, silica fume, slag and natural pozzolans in concrete, Istanbul, Turkey, 3-8 May, 1992.
  • 90
    • 0026149119 scopus 로고
    • The fate of mercury in coal-fired power plants and the influence of wet flue-gas desulphurization
    • Meij R. The fate of mercury in coal-fired power plants and the influence of wet flue-gas desulphurization. Water Air Soil Pollut 56 1 (1991) 21-33
    • (1991) Water Air Soil Pollut , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-33
    • Meij, R.1
  • 92
    • 0042746690 scopus 로고
    • Elements in coal and coal ash residues and their potential for agricultural crops
    • Keefer R.F., and Sajwan K.S. (Eds), Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL
    • Menon M.P., Sajwan K.S., Ghuman G.S., James J., and Chandra K. Elements in coal and coal ash residues and their potential for agricultural crops. In: Keefer R.F., and Sajwan K.S. (Eds). Trace elements in coal and coal combustion residues (1993), Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL 259-287
    • (1993) Trace elements in coal and coal combustion residues , pp. 259-287
    • Menon, M.P.1    Sajwan, K.S.2    Ghuman, G.S.3    James, J.4    Chandra, K.5
  • 93
    • 34247123793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylmercury exposure and health effects in humans: a worldwide concern
    • Merger D., Anderson H.A., Chan L.H.M., Mahaffey K.R., Murray M., Sakamoto M., et al. Methylmercury exposure and health effects in humans: a worldwide concern. Ambio XXXVI 1 (2007) 3-11
    • (2007) Ambio , vol.XXXVI , Issue.1 , pp. 3-11
    • Merger, D.1    Anderson, H.A.2    Chan, L.H.M.3    Mahaffey, K.R.4    Murray, M.5    Sakamoto, M.6
  • 94
    • 38049038009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mills SJ. Coal in an enlarged European Union. London, U.K.: IEA Coal Centre. Report no. CCC/85; 2004. 96 pp.
  • 95
    • 38049080203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineral Resources of New South Wales. Minfact no. 19 coal facts; 2001. URL: http://www.minerals.nsw.gov.au/minfacts/19.htm.
  • 96
    • 18544386993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physico-chemical characteristics of European pulverized coal combustion fly ashes
    • Moreno N., Querol X., Andrés J.M., Santon K., Towler M., Nugeteren H., et al. Physico-chemical characteristics of European pulverized coal combustion fly ashes. Fuel 84 (2005) 1351-1363
    • (2005) Fuel , vol.84 , pp. 1351-1363
    • Moreno, N.1    Querol, X.2    Andrés, J.M.3    Santon, K.4    Towler, M.5    Nugeteren, H.6
  • 100
    • 33746708133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury in coal ash and its fate in the Indian subcontinent: a synoptic review
    • Mukherjee A.B., and Zevenhoven R. Mercury in coal ash and its fate in the Indian subcontinent: a synoptic review. Sci Tot Environ 368 (2006) 384-392
    • (2006) Sci Tot Environ , vol.368 , pp. 384-392
    • Mukherjee, A.B.1    Zevenhoven, R.2
  • 101
    • 38049018680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nakurawa T, Rilet KW, Frence DH, Takatsu A, Chiba K. The distribution of trace elements through the coal science. Coal-contributing to sustainable world development; 2003. 9 pp.
  • 102
    • 38049042994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Land and Water Resources Audit. National heritage trust. Australia: Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry; 2005. URL: http://www.audit.ea.gov.au/ANRA/ [accessed on May 11, 2007].
  • 103
    • 38049036995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization). Environmental protections technologies-coal effective use technologies, NEDO, Tokyo. Report No. Part 2. 4A1; 2006.
  • 105
    • 0003711855 scopus 로고
    • Trace element removal during physical and chemical coal cleaning
    • Norton G.A., and Markuszewski R. Trace element removal during physical and chemical coal cleaning. Coal Prep 7 (1989) 55-68
    • (1989) Coal Prep , vol.7 , pp. 55-68
    • Norton, G.A.1    Markuszewski, R.2
  • 106
    • 33749871022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury control for coal-fired power plants-status and challenges
    • Offen G., Shick N., Chang R., Chu P., Dene C., and Rhudy R. Mercury control for coal-fired power plants-status and challenges. Mod Power Syst 2005 (2005) 24-29
    • (2005) Mod Power Syst , vol.2005 , pp. 24-29
    • Offen, G.1    Shick, N.2    Chang, R.3    Chu, P.4    Dene, C.5    Rhudy, R.6
  • 107
    • 0036085290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global emission of mercury from anthropogenic sources in 1995
    • Pacyna E.G., and Pacyna J.M. Global emission of mercury from anthropogenic sources in 1995. Water Air Soil Pollut 137 (2002) 149-165
    • (2002) Water Air Soil Pollut , vol.137 , pp. 149-165
    • Pacyna, E.G.1    Pacyna, J.M.2
  • 108
    • 33745149391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global anthropogenic mercury emission inventory for 2000
    • Pacyna E.G., Pacyna J.M., Steenhuisen F., and Wilson S. Global anthropogenic mercury emission inventory for 2000. Atmos Environ 40 (2006) 4048-4063
    • (2006) Atmos Environ , vol.40 , pp. 4048-4063
    • Pacyna, E.G.1    Pacyna, J.M.2    Steenhuisen, F.3    Wilson, S.4
  • 109
    • 38049016566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palmer CA, Dennen KO, Kolker A, Finkelman RB, Bullock Jr JH. Chemical analysis and modes of occurrence of selected trace elements in a coal sample from an eastern Kentucky coal bed: White Creek, Mine, Martin County, Kentucky. US Geol Surv. Open File Rep. 02-311; 2002.
  • 110
    • 0021505799 scopus 로고
    • Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption on fly ash-wollastonite
    • Pandey K.K., Prasad G., and Singh V.N. Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption on fly ash-wollastonite. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 34A (1984) 367-374
    • (1984) J Chem Technol Biotechnol , vol.34 A , pp. 367-374
    • Pandey, K.K.1    Prasad, G.2    Singh, V.N.3
  • 111
    • 33845979889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury alalysis of various types of coal using acid extraction and pyrolysis methods
    • Park J.Y., Won J.H., and Lee T.G. Mercury alalysis of various types of coal using acid extraction and pyrolysis methods. Energy Fuels 20 (2006) 2413-2416
    • (2006) Energy Fuels , vol.20 , pp. 2413-2416
    • Park, J.Y.1    Won, J.H.2    Lee, T.G.3
  • 113
    • 38049044065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Petrik LF, White RA, Kling MJ, Somerset VS, Burgers CL, Fey MV. Utilization of South African fly ash to treat acid coal mine drainage, and production of high quality of zeolites from the residual solids. In: International ash utilization symposium. Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky. Paper #61; 2003.
  • 114
    • 0001414547 scopus 로고
    • Boron availability as influenced by application of fly ash to soil
    • Plank C.O., and Martents D.C. Boron availability as influenced by application of fly ash to soil. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 38 (1974) 974-977
    • (1974) Soil Sci Soc Am Proc , vol.38 , pp. 974-977
    • Plank, C.O.1    Martents, D.C.2
  • 115
    • 29144521387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The production and use of coal combustion products
    • Sajwan K.S., Alva A.K., and Keefer R.F. (Eds), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York
    • Punshon T., Seaman J.C., and Sajwan K.S. The production and use of coal combustion products. In: Sajwan K.S., Alva A.K., and Keefer R.F. (Eds). Chemistry of trace elements in fly ash (2003), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York 1-11
    • (2003) Chemistry of trace elements in fly ash , pp. 1-11
    • Punshon, T.1    Seaman, J.C.2    Sajwan, K.S.3
  • 116
    • 0038515518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury in US coal: observation using COALQUAL and ICR data
    • Quick J.C., Brill T.C., and Tabet D.E. Mercury in US coal: observation using COALQUAL and ICR data. Environ Geol 43 (2003) 249-259
    • (2003) Environ Geol , vol.43 , pp. 249-259
    • Quick, J.C.1    Brill, T.C.2    Tabet, D.E.3
  • 117
    • 33746723664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring and regulation the use of mercury: government perspective
    • New Delhi, India, November 3
    • Rajagopalan R. Monitoring and regulation the use of mercury: government perspective. National conference on mercury pollution in India. New Delhi, India, November 3 (2003)
    • (2003) National conference on mercury pollution in India
    • Rajagopalan, R.1
  • 119
    • 38049075881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riely KW. CSIRO restricted investigation report: bench-marking of fly ash. Report IR818R. Final report on Task 6.1.7 to CCSD. Lucas Heights, Sydney, Australia; 2006. 60 pp.
  • 120
    • 38049054427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosenhoover WA. Correlate fly ash capture of Hg with ash carbon content and flue gas temperature. Illinois Clean Coal Institute, Carterville (IL). Final technical report ICCI project 98-1/1.2B-2; 1999. URL: http://www.icci.org/99final/roosenhr.htm.
  • 121
    • 20144364129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wet and dry deposition fluxes of mercury in Japan
    • Sakata M., and Marumoto K. Wet and dry deposition fluxes of mercury in Japan. Atmos Environ 39 (2005) 3139-3146
    • (2005) Atmos Environ , vol.39 , pp. 3139-3146
    • Sakata, M.1    Marumoto, K.2
  • 122
    • 0001552261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury capture by fly ash: study of the combustion of a high-mercury coal at a utility boiler
    • Sakulpitakphon T., Hower J.C., Trimble A.S., Schram W.H., and Thomas G.A. Mercury capture by fly ash: study of the combustion of a high-mercury coal at a utility boiler. Energy Fuels 14 (2000) 727-733
    • (2000) Energy Fuels , vol.14 , pp. 727-733
    • Sakulpitakphon, T.1    Hower, J.C.2    Trimble, A.S.3    Schram, W.H.4    Thomas, G.A.5
  • 123
    • 38049041952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Final launch of the mercury mission
    • Sanford L. Final launch of the mercury mission. Mod Power Syst (2005) 23-25
    • (2005) Mod Power Syst , pp. 23-25
    • Sanford, L.1
  • 124
    • 38049083140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schaltegger S, Burritt R. Contemporary environmental accounting. Sheffield, UK; 2000.
  • 125
    • 0032032714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric mercury-an overview
    • Schroeder W.H., and Munthe J. Atmospheric mercury-an overview. Atmos Environ 32 5 (1998) 809-822
    • (1998) Atmos Environ , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 809-822
    • Schroeder, W.H.1    Munthe, J.2
  • 126
    • 0023389203 scopus 로고
    • Adsorption of Hg(II) by coal fly ash
    • Sen A.K., and De A.K. Adsorption of Hg(II) by coal fly ash. Water Res 21 (1987) 885-888
    • (1987) Water Res , vol.21 , pp. 885-888
    • Sen, A.K.1    De, A.K.2
  • 131
    • 0003919614 scopus 로고
    • Butterworth and Co. Ltd., London, UK p. 276
    • Swaine D.J. Trace elements in coal (1990), Butterworth and Co. Ltd., London, UK p. 276
    • (1990) Trace elements in coal
    • Swaine, D.J.1
  • 132
    • 38049087706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sznopek JL, Goonam TG. The material flow of mercury in the economies of the United States and the world. US geological survey circulation no. 1197; 2000. p. 28. URL: http://greenwood.cr.usgs.gov/circulars/c1197/.
  • 133
    • 38049041953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tewalt SJ, Finkelman RB, Karlsen AW, Bragg LJ. World coal quality inventory: South America-executive summary. U.S. geological survey open file report 2006-1241. U.S. Geological Survey, National Center, Reston, VA 20192; 2007. 12 pp.
  • 134
    • 21644476784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The world coal quality inventory: a status report
    • Tewalt S.J., Willett J.C., and Finkelman R.B. The world coal quality inventory: a status report. Int J Coal Geol 63 1-2 (2005) 190-194
    • (2005) Int J Coal Geol , vol.63 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 190-194
    • Tewalt, S.J.1    Willett, J.C.2    Finkelman, R.B.3
  • 135
    • 38049014543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Fly Ash Resource Center. Coal combustion byproducts (CCBs); 2005. URL: http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/2095/flyash.htm [accessed on October 24, 2006].
  • 136
    • 0043247782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental behavior of power plants fly ash containing FGD solids utilized in deep coal mines
    • Sajwan K.S., Alva A.K., and Keefer R.F. (Eds), Kluwer Academic, New York, NY
    • Twardowska I. Environmental behavior of power plants fly ash containing FGD solids utilized in deep coal mines. In: Sajwan K.S., Alva A.K., and Keefer R.F. (Eds). Biogeochemistry of trace elements in coal and coal combustion byproducts (1999), Kluwer Academic, New York, NY 29-57
    • (1999) Biogeochemistry of trace elements in coal and coal combustion byproducts , pp. 29-57
    • Twardowska, I.1
  • 137
    • 38049003217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Clean air interstate rule; 2005a. URL: http://www.epa.gov/interstateairquality/ [accessed on October 11, 2006].
  • 138
    • 38049008128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Clean air mercury rule; 2005b. URL: http://www.epa.gov/air/mercuryrule/ [accessed on October 11, 2006].
  • 139
    • 38049076040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA. Results of 1999 information collection request; 2002. URL: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/combust/utiltox/icrdata.xls.
  • 140
    • 38049075882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA. Study of hazardous air pollution emissions from electric utility steam generating units-final report to congress. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.: EPA-453/R-98-004a; 1998.
  • 141
    • 38049056376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USGS. Materials flow and sustainability. USGS fact sheet FS-068-98; 1998.
  • 142
    • 38049009045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vom Berg W, Feuerborn H-J, Puch K-H. Production and utilization of coal combustion products (CCPs) in Europe. ECOBA European association for use of the by-products of coal-fired power stations eV., Essen, Germany; 2001 (unpublished report).
  • 143
    • 38049011528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vom Berg W, Feuerborn H-J. Present situation and perspectives of CCP management in Europe; 2005. 10 p. URL: http://www.flyash.info/2005/53vom.pdf [accessed on October 24, 2006].
  • 144
    • 23344438032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The occurrence of potentially hazardous trace elements in five Highveld coals, South Africa
    • Wagner N.J., and Hlatshwayo B. The occurrence of potentially hazardous trace elements in five Highveld coals, South Africa. Int J Coal Geol 63 3-4 (2005) 228-246
    • (2005) Int J Coal Geol , vol.63 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 228-246
    • Wagner, N.J.1    Hlatshwayo, B.2
  • 145
    • 0034234503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of mercury emission from coal combustion in China
    • Wang Q., Shen W., and Ma Z. Estimation of mercury emission from coal combustion in China. Environ Sci Technol 34 (2000) 2711-2713
    • (2000) Environ Sci Technol , vol.34 , pp. 2711-2713
    • Wang, Q.1    Shen, W.2    Ma, Z.3
  • 146
    • 33746721487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental-benign utilization of fly ash as low-cost adsorbents
    • Wang S., and Wu H. Environmental-benign utilization of fly ash as low-cost adsorbents. J Hazard Mater B136 (2006) 482-501
    • (2006) J Hazard Mater , vol.B136 , pp. 482-501
    • Wang, S.1    Wu, H.2
  • 147
    • 38049024861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weaver JN. Coal in Latin America, 1992: Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, and Bolivia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93239; 1993. 69 pp.
  • 148
    • 38049071666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weiss B. The melis, 2005. Effect of mercury emissions in China on North America; 2005. p. 12. URL: http://www.seas.columbia.edu/earth/wtert/sofos/weiss_IETerm.pdf [accessed on December 26, 2006].
  • 149
  • 150
    • 38049035104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Coal Institute. Coal production and consumption; 2006. URL: http://www.worldcoal.org/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=104.
  • 151
    • 38049086840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WVGES. Trace elements in West Virginia coals; 2002. URL: http://www.wvgs.wvnet.edu/www/datastat/te/.
  • 152
    • 33749128526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air-substrate mercury exchange associated with landfill disposal of coal combustion products
    • Xin M., Gustin M.S., Ladwig K., and Plughoeff-Hassett D.F. Air-substrate mercury exchange associated with landfill disposal of coal combustion products. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 56 (2006) 1167-1176
    • (2006) J Air Waste Manag Assoc , vol.56 , pp. 1167-1176
    • Xin, M.1    Gustin, M.S.2    Ladwig, K.3    Plughoeff-Hassett, D.F.4
  • 153
    • 38049089026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ye Z. Set up new standard of coal fired power plant and facilitate the continuous development of electric power industry. China Environ News; August 8, 2001.
  • 155
    • 17844387616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury in coal: a review. Part 2. Coal use and environmental problem
    • Yudovich Ya.E., and Ketris M.P. Mercury in coal: a review. Part 2. Coal use and environmental problem. Int J Coal Geol 62 3 (2005) 135-165
    • (2005) Int J Coal Geol , vol.62 , Issue.3 , pp. 135-165
    • Yudovich, Ya.E.1    Ketris, M.P.2
  • 156
    • 33745945326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fly ash: an exploitable resource for management of Australian agricultural soils
    • Yunusa I.A.M., Eamus D., DeSilva D.L., Murray B.R., Burchett M.D., Skilbeck G.C., et al. Fly ash: an exploitable resource for management of Australian agricultural soils. Fuel 85 (2006) 2337-2344
    • (2006) Fuel , vol.85 , pp. 2337-2344
    • Yunusa, I.A.M.1    Eamus, D.2    DeSilva, D.L.3    Murray, B.R.4    Burchett, M.D.5    Skilbeck, G.C.6
  • 157
    • 33845436393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental mercury contamination in China: sources and impacts
    • Zhang L., and Wong M.H. Environmental mercury contamination in China: sources and impacts. Environ Int 33 (2007) 108-121
    • (2007) Environ Int , vol.33 , pp. 108-121
    • Zhang, L.1    Wong, M.H.2
  • 158
    • 38049087192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zevenhoven R, Kilpinen P. Control of pollutants in flue gases and fuel gases Picaset Espoo; ISBN 951-22-5527-8; 2001. URL: http://web.abo.fi/∼rzevenho/gasbook.html.
  • 159
    • 0036476346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research on characteristics of mercury distribution in combustion products for a 300 MW pulverized coal fired boiler
    • [in Chinese with English abstract]
    • Zhu Z., Xu L., and Tan Y. Research on characteristics of mercury distribution in combustion products for a 300 MW pulverized coal fired boiler. Power Eng 22 1 (2002) 1594-1597 [in Chinese with English abstract]
    • (2002) Power Eng , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 1594-1597
    • Zhu, Z.1    Xu, L.2    Tan, Y.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.