메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 493-503

Understory communities of warm-dry, mixed-conifer forests in southwestern Colorado

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABIES; ABIES CONCOLOR; ABIES GRANDIS; CONIFEROPHYTA; PINUS PONDEROSA; POPULUS TREMULOIDES; PSEUDOTSUGA; PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII;

EID: 38049079277     PISSN: 00384909     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1894/0038-4909(2007)52[493:UCOWMF]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (18)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 85088668538 scopus 로고
    • Major habitat types, community types, and plant communities in the Rocky Mountains
    • RM-123, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado
    • ALEXANDER, R. R. 1985. Major habitat types, community types, and plant communities in the Rocky Mountains. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service General Technical Report RM-123, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado.
    • (1985) United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service General Technical Report
    • ALEXANDER, R.R.1
  • 3
    • 0002154022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance
    • ANDERSON, M. J. 2001. A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology 26:32-46.
    • (2001) Austral Ecology , vol.26 , pp. 32-46
    • ANDERSON, M.J.1
  • 4
    • 0032408696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest composition, structure, and change in an old-growth mixed conifer forest in the northern Sierra Nevada
    • ANSLEY, J.-A. S., AND J. J. BATTLES. 1998. Forest composition, structure, and change in an old-growth mixed conifer forest in the northern Sierra Nevada. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125:297-308.
    • (1998) Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society , vol.125 , pp. 297-308
    • ANSLEY, J.-A.S.1    BATTLES, J.J.2
  • 5
    • 0001190934 scopus 로고
    • Diversity relations of upland forests in the western Great Lakes area
    • AUCLAIR, A. N., AND F. G. GOFF. 1971. Diversity relations of upland forests in the western Great Lakes area. American Naturalist 105:499-528.
    • (1971) American Naturalist , vol.105 , pp. 499-528
    • AUCLAIR, A.N.1    GOFF., F.G.2
  • 6
    • 38049057287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BARTOS, D. L. 2001. Landscape dynamics of aspen and conifer forests. Pages 5-14 in Sustaining aspen in western landscapes: symposium proceedings; 13-15 June 2000; Grand Junction, Colorado (W. D. Shepperd, D. Binkley, D. L. Bartos, T. J. Stohlgren, and L. G. Eskew, compilers). Proceedings RMRS-P-18. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado.
    • BARTOS, D. L. 2001. Landscape dynamics of aspen and conifer forests. Pages 5-14 in Sustaining aspen in western landscapes: symposium proceedings; 13-15 June 2000; Grand Junction, Colorado (W. D. Shepperd, D. Binkley, D. L. Bartos, T. J. Stohlgren, and L. G. Eskew, compilers). Proceedings RMRS-P-18. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado.
  • 8
    • 0035211607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variation of fire regimes in a mixed conifer forest landscape, Southern Cascades, California, USA
    • BEATY, R. H., AND A. H. TAYLOR. 2001. Spatial and temporal variation of fire regimes in a mixed conifer forest landscape, Southern Cascades, California, USA. Journal of Biogeography 28:955-966.
    • (2001) Journal of Biogeography , vol.28 , pp. 955-966
    • BEATY, R.H.1    TAYLOR, A.H.2
  • 9
    • 0000132036 scopus 로고
    • Aspect transformation in site productivity research
    • BEERS, T. W., P. E. DRESS, AND L. C. WENSEL. 1966. Aspect transformation in site productivity research. Journal of Forestry 64:691-692.
    • (1966) Journal of Forestry , vol.64 , pp. 691-692
    • BEERS, T.W.1    DRESS, P.E.2    WENSEL, L.C.3
  • 10
    • 0033970664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overstory composition and stand structure influence herbaceous plant diversity in the mixed aspen forest of northern Minnesota
    • BERGER, A. L., AND K. J. PUETTMANN. 2000. Overstory composition and stand structure influence herbaceous plant diversity in the mixed aspen forest of northern Minnesota. American Midland Naturalist 143:111-125.
    • (2000) American Midland Naturalist , vol.143 , pp. 111-125
    • BERGER, A.L.1    PUETTMANN, K.J.2
  • 12
    • 0031744115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in aspen communities over 30 y in Gunnison County, Colorado
    • CRAWFORD, J. L., S. P. MCNULTY, AND J. B. SOWELL. 1998. Changes in aspen communities over 30 y in Gunnison County, Colorado. American Naturalist 140:197-205.
    • (1998) American Naturalist , vol.140 , pp. 197-205
    • CRAWFORD, J.L.1    MCNULTY, S.P.2    SOWELL, J.B.3
  • 13
    • 38049039886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DEBYLE, N. V. 1985. Wildlife. Pages 135-152 in Aspen: ecology and management in the western United States. General Technical Report RM-119 (N. V. DeByle and R. P. Winokur, editors). United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado.
    • DEBYLE, N. V. 1985. Wildlife. Pages 135-152 in Aspen: ecology and management in the western United States. General Technical Report RM-119 (N. V. DeByle and R. P. Winokur, editors). United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado.
  • 14
    • 0021046678 scopus 로고
    • Fire history of southwestern mixed conifer: A case study
    • DIETERICH, J. H. 1983. Fire history of southwestern mixed conifer: a case study. Forest Ecology and Management 6:13-31.
    • (1983) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.6 , pp. 13-31
    • DIETERICH, J.H.1
  • 16
    • 38049092994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE. 2002. ArcView GIS, Version 3.3. Redlands, California
    • ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE. 2002. ArcView GIS, Version 3.3. Redlands, California.
  • 17
    • 4544279769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in forest vegetation and arbuscular mycorrhizae along a steep elevation gradient in Arizona
    • FISHER, M. A., AND P. Z. FULÉ. 2004. Changes in forest vegetation and arbuscular mycorrhizae along a steep elevation gradient in Arizona. Forest Ecology and Management 200:293-311.
    • (2004) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.200 , pp. 293-311
    • FISHER, M.A.1    FULÉ, P.Z.2
  • 19
    • 0002611442 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of two techniques for measuring canopy closure
    • GANEY, J. L., AND W. M. BLOCK. 1994. A comparison of two techniques for measuring canopy closure. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 9:21-23.
    • (1994) Western Journal of Applied Forestry , vol.9 , pp. 21-23
    • GANEY, J.L.1    BLOCK, W.M.2
  • 20
    • 0028994991 scopus 로고
    • Herbaceous-layer and overstory species in clear-cut and mature central Appalachian hardwood forests
    • GILLIAM, F. S., N. L. TURRILL, AND M. B. ADAMS. 1995. Herbaceous-layer and overstory species in clear-cut and mature central Appalachian hardwood forests. Ecological Applications 5:947-955.
    • (1995) Ecological Applications , vol.5 , pp. 947-955
    • GILLIAM, F.S.1    TURRILL, N.L.2    ADAMS, M.B.3
  • 21
    • 4444223017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic and human influences on fire regimes of the southern San Juan Mountains, Colorado, USA
    • GRISSINO-MAYER, H. D., W. H. ROMME, M. L. FLOYD, AND D. D. HANNA. 2004. Climatic and human influences on fire regimes of the southern San Juan Mountains, Colorado, USA. Ecology 85:1708-1724.
    • (2004) Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 1708-1724
    • GRISSINO-MAYER, H.D.1    ROMME, W.H.2    FLOYD, M.L.3    HANNA, D.D.4
  • 22
    • 0020869975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HASSELL, W. C., J. CARLSON, AND J. DOUGHTY. 1983. Grasses for revegetation of mountain sites. Pages 95-101 in Managing intermountain rangelands-improvement of range and wildlife habitats: proceedings of symposia; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, Idaho; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, Nevada (S. B. Monsen and N. Shaw, compilers). United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Ogden, Utah, General Technical Report INT-157.
    • HASSELL, W. C., J. CARLSON, AND J. DOUGHTY. 1983. Grasses for revegetation of mountain sites. Pages 95-101 in Managing intermountain rangelands-improvement of range and wildlife habitats: proceedings of symposia; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, Idaho; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, Nevada (S. B. Monsen and N. Shaw, compilers). United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Ogden, Utah, General Technical Report INT-157.
  • 23
    • 0002588995 scopus 로고
    • Relationships of the error associated with ocular estimation and actual total cover
    • HATTON, T. J., N. E. WEST, AND P. S. JOHNSON. 1986. Relationships of the error associated with ocular estimation and actual total cover. Journal of Range Management 39:91-92.
    • (1986) Journal of Range Management , vol.39 , pp. 91-92
    • HATTON, T.J.1    WEST, N.E.2    JOHNSON, P.S.3
  • 24
    • 38049037425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HEALTHY FOREST RESTORATION ACT. 2003. H.R. 1904. (PL108-148). United States Department of Agriculture.
    • HEALTHY FOREST RESTORATION ACT. 2003. H.R. 1904. (PL108-148). United States Department of Agriculture.
  • 25
    • 27544445686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire history and stand structure in two ponderosa pine-mixed conifer sites: San Francisco Peaks, Arizona, USA
    • HEINLEIN, T. M., M. MOORE, P. Z. FULÉ, AND W. W. COVINGTON. 2005. Fire history and stand structure in two ponderosa pine-mixed conifer sites: San Francisco Peaks, Arizona, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire 14:307-320.
    • (2005) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.14 , pp. 307-320
    • HEINLEIN, T.M.1    MOORE, M.2    FULÉ, P.Z.3    COVINGTON, W.W.4
  • 27
    • 0003187130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is aspen doomed?
    • KAY, C. E. 1997. Is aspen doomed? Journal of Forestry 95:4-11.
    • (1997) Journal of Forestry , vol.95 , pp. 4-11
    • KAY, C.E.1
  • 28
    • 23044480441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen forest in the central Rocky Mountains, USA
    • KAYE, M. W., D. BINKLEY, AND T. J. STOHLGREN. 2005. Effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen forest in the central Rocky Mountains, USA. Ecological Applications 15:1284-1295.
    • (2005) Ecological Applications , vol.15 , pp. 1284-1295
    • KAYE, M.W.1    BINKLEY, D.2    STOHLGREN, T.J.3
  • 29
    • 14744289903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel reduction and coarse woody debris dynamics with early season and late season prescribed fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest
    • KNAPP, E. E., J. E. KEELEY, E. A. BALLENGER, AND T. J. BRENNAN. 2005. Fuel reduction and coarse woody debris dynamics with early season and late season prescribed fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 208:383-397.
    • (2005) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.208 , pp. 383-397
    • KNAPP, E.E.1    KEELEY, J.E.2    BALLENGER, E.A.3    BRENNAN, T.J.4
  • 30
    • 6344256861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The persistence of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) in the Grand Mesa area, Colorado
    • KULAKOWSKI, D., T. T. VEBLEN, AND S. DRINKWATER. 2004. The persistence of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) in the Grand Mesa area, Colorado. Ecological Applications 14:1603-1614.
    • (2004) Ecological Applications , vol.14 , pp. 1603-1614
    • KULAKOWSKI, D.1    VEBLEN, T.T.2    DRINKWATER, S.3
  • 32
    • 0034754497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the understory vegetation in boreal forest types of Southwest Quebec
    • LÉGARÉ, S., Y. BERGERON, A. LEDUC, AND D. PARÉ. 2001. Comparison of the understory vegetation in boreal forest types of Southwest Quebec. Canadian Journal of Botany 79:1019-1027.
    • (2001) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.79 , pp. 1019-1027
    • LÉGARÉ, S.1    BERGERON, Y.2    LEDUC, A.3    PARÉ, D.4
  • 33
    • 1842430909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecotonal changes and altered tree spatial patterns in lower mixed-conifer forests, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, USA
    • MAST, J. N., AND J. J. WOLF. 2004. Ecotonal changes and altered tree spatial patterns in lower mixed-conifer forests, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, USA. Landscape Ecology 19:167-180.
    • (2004) Landscape Ecology , vol.19 , pp. 167-180
    • MAST, J.N.1    WOLF, J.J.2
  • 34
    • 0035133496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fitting multivariate models to community data: A comment on distance-based redundancy analysis
    • MCARDLE, B. H., AND M. J. ANDERSON. 2001. Fitting multivariate models to community data: a comment on distance-based redundancy analysis. Ecology 82:290-297.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 290-297
    • MCARDLE, B.H.1    ANDERSON, M.J.2
  • 36
    • 0031741093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of overstory vegetation on the understory light environment in mixed boreal forests
    • MESSIER, C., S. PARENT, AND Y. BERGERON. 1998. Effects of overstory vegetation on the understory light environment in mixed boreal forests. Journal of Vegetation Science 9:511-520.
    • (1998) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.9 , pp. 511-520
    • MESSIER, C.1    PARENT, S.2    BERGERON, Y.3
  • 37
    • 0000485558 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of messy data
    • Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
    • MILLIKEN, G. A., AND D. E. JOHNSON. 1984. Analysis of messy data. Volume 1. Designed experiments. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
    • (1984) Designed experiments , vol.1
    • MILLIKEN, G.A.1    JOHNSON, D.E.2
  • 38
    • 20444421460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of light and soil moisture on Sierran mixed-conifer understory communities
    • NORTH, M., B. OAKLEY, R. FIEGENER, A. GRAY, AND M. BARBOUR. 2005. Influence of light and soil moisture on Sierran mixed-conifer understory communities. Plant Ecology 177:13-24.
    • (2005) Plant Ecology , vol.177 , pp. 13-24
    • NORTH, M.1    OAKLEY, B.2    FIEGENER, R.3    GRAY, A.4    BARBOUR, M.5
  • 39
    • 0034966648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of plant species richness in relation to different environments
    • PAUSAS, J. G., AND M. P. AUSTIN. 2001. Patterns of plant species richness in relation to different environments. Journal of Vegetation Science 12:153-166.
    • (2001) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.12 , pp. 153-166
    • PAUSAS, J.G.1    AUSTIN, M.P.2
  • 41
    • 0036161610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using forest health monitoring to assess aspen forest cover change in the southern Rockies ecorcgion
    • ROGERS, P. 2002. Using forest health monitoring to assess aspen forest cover change in the southern Rockies ecorcgion. Forest Ecology and Management 155:223-236.
    • (2002) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.155 , pp. 223-236
    • ROGERS, P.1
  • 42
    • 38049070347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ROMME, W. H., M. L. FLOYD, D. HANNA, AND E. BARTLETT. 2001. Aspen's ecological role in the West. Pages 243-260 in Sustaining aspen in western landscapes: symposium proceedings; 13-15 June 2000; Grand Junction, Colorado (W. D. Shepperd, D. Binkley, D. L. Bartos, T. J. Stohlgren, and L. G. Eskew, compilers). United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, Proceedings RMRS-P-18.
    • ROMME, W. H., M. L. FLOYD, D. HANNA, AND E. BARTLETT. 2001. Aspen's ecological role in the West. Pages 243-260 in Sustaining aspen in western landscapes: symposium proceedings; 13-15 June 2000; Grand Junction, Colorado (W. D. Shepperd, D. Binkley, D. L. Bartos, T. J. Stohlgren, and L. G. Eskew, compilers). United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, Proceedings RMRS-P-18.
  • 43
    • 0030876243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gradient analysis in a riparian landscape: Contrasts among forest layers
    • SAGERS, C. L., AND J. LYON. 1997. Gradient analysis in a riparian landscape: contrasts among forest layers. Forest Ecology and Management 96:13-26.
    • (1997) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.96 , pp. 13-26
    • SAGERS, C.L.1    LYON, J.2
  • 44
    • 38049023579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAS INSTITUTE, INC. 2004. JMP-IN version 5.1.2. Statistical Analysis Software. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina
    • SAS INSTITUTE, INC. 2004. JMP-IN version 5.1.2. Statistical Analysis Software. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina.
  • 45
    • 0028161551 scopus 로고
    • Anthropogenic and natural disturbance and patterns of mortality in a mixed conifer forest in California
    • SAVAGE, M. 1994. Anthropogenic and natural disturbance and patterns of mortality in a mixed conifer forest in California. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24:1149-1159.
    • (1994) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.24 , pp. 1149-1159
    • SAVAGE, M.1
  • 46
    • 3242669153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction of fire, fuels, and climate across Rocky Mountain forests
    • SCHOENNAGEL, T., T. T. VEBLEN, AND W. H. ROMME. 2004. The interaction of fire, fuels, and climate across Rocky Mountain forests. BioScience 54:661-676.
    • (2004) BioScience , vol.54 , pp. 661-676
    • SCHOENNAGEL, T.1    VEBLEN, T.T.2    ROMME, W.H.3
  • 47
    • 20744436551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-year change in aspen dominance in pure aspen and mixed aspen/conifer stands on the Uncompahgre Plateau, Colorado, USA
    • SMITH, A. E., AND F. W. SMITH. 2005. Twenty-year change in aspen dominance in pure aspen and mixed aspen/conifer stands on the Uncompahgre Plateau, Colorado, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 213:338-348.
    • (2005) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.213 , pp. 338-348
    • SMITH, A.E.1    SMITH, F.W.2
  • 48
    • 0037096922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prescribed fire mortality of Sierra Nevada mixed conifer tree species: Effects of crown damage and forest floor combustion
    • STEPHENS, S. L., AND M. A. FINNEY. 2002. Prescribed fire mortality of Sierra Nevada mixed conifer tree species: effects of crown damage and forest floor combustion. Forest Ecology and Management 162:261-271.
    • (2002) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.162 , pp. 261-271
    • STEPHENS, S.L.1    FINNEY, M.A.2
  • 49
    • 0029478882 scopus 로고
    • A modified-Whittaker nested vegetation sampling method
    • STOHLGREN, T. J., M. B. FALKNER, AND L. D. SCHELL. 1995. A modified-Whittaker nested vegetation sampling method. Vegetatio 117:113-121.
    • (1995) Vegetatio , vol.117 , pp. 113-121
    • STOHLGREN, T.J.1    FALKNER, M.B.2    SCHELL, L.D.3
  • 51
    • 0033901375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire regimes and forest changes in mid and upper montane forests of the southern Cascades, Lassen Volcanic Park, Californian, USA
    • TAYLOR, A. H. 2000. Fire regimes and forest changes in mid and upper montane forests of the southern Cascades, Lassen Volcanic Park, Californian, USA. Journal of Biogeography 27:87-104.
    • (2000) Journal of Biogeography , vol.27 , pp. 87-104
    • TAYLOR, A.H.1
  • 52
    • 38049068793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • THOMAS, J. W., R. G. ANDERSON, C. MASER, AND E. L. BULL. 1979. Snags. Pages 60-77 in Wildlife habitats in managed forests - the Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington. United States Department of Agriculture Handbook 553, Washington, D.C.
    • THOMAS, J. W., R. G. ANDERSON, C. MASER, AND E. L. BULL. 1979. Snags. Pages 60-77 in Wildlife habitats in managed forests - the Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington. United States Department of Agriculture Handbook 553, Washington, D.C.
  • 53
    • 0028036026 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of leaf phenology in forest understory
    • UEMURA, S. 1994. Patterns of leaf phenology in forest understory. Canadian Journal of Botany 72:409-414.
    • (1994) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.72 , pp. 409-414
    • UEMURA, S.1
  • 54
    • 0027333248 scopus 로고
    • Middle and high elevation coniferous forest communities of the North Rim region of Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, USA
    • WHITE, M. A., AND J. L. VANKAT. 1993. Middle and high elevation coniferous forest communities of the North Rim region of Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, USA. Vegetatio 109:161-174.
    • (1993) Vegetatio , vol.109 , pp. 161-174
    • WHITE, M.A.1    VANKAT, J.L.2
  • 56
    • 0038721269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Edge effects in mixed conifer group selection openings: Tree height response to resource gradients
    • YORK, R. A., J. J. BATTLES, AND R. C. HEALD. 2003. Edge effects in mixed conifer group selection openings: tree height response to resource gradients. Forest Ecology and Management 179:107-121.
    • (2003) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.179 , pp. 107-121
    • YORK, R.A.1    BATTLES, J.J.2    HEALD, R.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.