The use of Mitragynine speciosa ("Krathom"), an addictive plant, in Thailand

Substance Use and Misuse

Volumn 42, Issue 14, 2007, Pages 2145-2157

  Assanangkornchai, Sawitri ^a   Muekthong, Anocha ^a   Sam Angsri, Nisan ^a   Pattanasattayawong, Uriwan ^a  

^a PRINCE OF SONGKLA UNIVERSITY   (Thailand)

Author keywords

Krathom; Mitragynine speciosa; Patterns of use; Southern Thailand

Indexed keywords

MITRAGYNINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DEPENDENCE; FEMALE; HUMAN; JOB PERFORMANCE; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RURAL AREA; SELF REPORT; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; THAILAND;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; MALE; PLANT EXTRACTS; PLANT LEAVES; SECOLOGANIN TRYPTAMINE ALKALOIDS; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; THAILAND;

EID: 37549064384     PISSN: 10826084     EISSN: 15322491     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10826080701205869     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Administrative Committee of Substance Abuse Academic Network. (2003). Status of substance use 2003: National household survey. Estimation of population related with substance abuse. Bangkok: Drug Dependence Research Center, Institute of Health Research, Chulalongkorn University.
2. Assanangkornchai, S. (2004). Substance abuse epidemiology in Thailand. In P. Udomratn (Ed.), Epidemiology of mental health problems and psychiatric disorders in Thailand (pp. 17-57). Songkhla: Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University.
3. Assanangkornchai, S., Pattanasattayawong, U., Samangsri, N., Muekthong, A. (2004a). Effects of the War on Drugs policy on substance abusers who reported to treatment settings during February and April 2003(a research report). Songkhla: Prince of Songkhla University.
4. Assanangkornchai, S., Pattanasattayawong, U., Samangsri, N., Muekthong, A. (2007). Patterns of substance use in high school students in southern Thailand: Trends over 3 years (2002-2004). Drug and Alcohol Dependence 86:167-174.
5. Assanangkornchai, S., Pattanasattayawong, U., Samangsri, N., Muekthong, A. (2004b). Patterns of substance use in juvenile detainees of Songkhla Juvenile Detention Centre (a research report). Songkhla: Prince of Songkhla University.
6. Beckett, A. H., Shellard, E. J., Phillipson, J. D., Lee, C. M. (1965). Alkaloids from Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.). The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 17:753-755.
7. Beckett, A. H., Shellard, E. J., Phillipson, J. D., Lee, C. M. (1966). The Mitragyna species of Asia. VII. Indole alkaloids from the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Planta Medica 14:277-288.
8. Burkill, I. H. (1966). A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula (Vols. 1-2). Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives. (Original work published 1935).
9. Burkill, I. H., Haniff, M. (1930). Malay village medicine. The Gardens' Bulletin Straits Settlements 6:165-207.
10. Grewal, K. S. (1932a). Observations on the pharmacology of mitragynine. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 46:251-271.
11. Grewal, K. S. (1932b). The effect of mitragynine on man. British Journal of Medical Psychology 12:41-58.3.
12. Jansen, K. L. R., Prast, C. J. (1988). Ethnopharmacology of kratom and the mitragyna alkaloids: Letter to the editors. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 23:115-119.
13. Jitpiromsri, S. (2005). Krathom abuse situation 2000-2004. In V. Poshyachinda and U. Perngparn (Eds.), A situational review of substance abuse in Thailand, 2000-2004 (pp. 13-15). Bangkok: Administrative Committee on Substance Abuse Research Network.
14. Kalant, H. (1997). Opium revisited: A brief review of its nature, composition, non-medical use and relative risks. Addiction 92:267-277.
15. Matsumoto, K., Mizowaki, M., Thongpradichote, S., Murakami, Y., Takayama, H., Sakai, S., et al. (1996). Central antinociceptive effects of mitragynine in mice: Contribution of descending noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. European Journal of Pharmacology 317:75-81.
16. Pandina, R. (2003). Risk and protective factor models in adolescent drug use: Putting them to work for prevention. Retrieved September 15, 2005, from http://www.drugabuse.gov/MeetSum/CODA/Risk.html
17. Shellard, E. J. (1974). The alkaloids of Mitragyna with special reference to those of Mitragyna speciosa, Korth. Bulletin on Narcotics 26:41-55.
18. Shellard, E. J. (1989). Ethnopharmacology of kratom and the mitragyna alkaloids. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 25:123-124.
19. Shellard, E. J., Alam, M. Z. (1968). The quantitative determination of some mitragyna oxindole alkaloids. I. Ultra violet spectrophotometry. Planta Medica, 16, 127-136.
20. Shellard, E. J., Lees, M. D. (1965). The Mitragyna species of Asia. V. The anatomy of the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Planta Medica 13:280-290.
21. Siebert, D. (2006). The kratom user's guide. Retrieved February 6, 2006, from http://sagewisdom.org/kratomguide.html
22. Suwanlert, S. (1975). A study of kratom eaters in Thailand. Bulletin on Narcotics 27:21-27.
23. Thongpradichote, S., Matsumoto, K., Tohda, M., Takayama, H., Aimi, N., Sakai, S., et al. (1998). Identification of opioid receptor subtypes in antinociceptive actions of supraspinally-administered mitragynine in mice. Life Science 62:1371-1378.
24. Tsuchiya, S., Miyashita, S., Yamamoto, M., Horie, S., Sakai, S., Aimi, N., et al. (2002). Effect of mitragynine, derived from Thai folk medicine, on gastric acid secretion through opioid receptor in anesthetized rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 443:185-188.
25. Vitayanartpaisarn, S., Sirivongse na Ayudhya, A., Kanluan, P., Sriviriyanuparb, V., Jarubenja, R., Jareonrat, S., et al. (2005). The study of the impacts of the control of krathom as an addictive substance, class 5. Bangkok: Social Pharmacological Research Operation Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sceinces, Chulalongkorn University.
26. Watanabe, K., Yano, S., Horie, S., Yamamoto, L. T. (1997). Inhibitory effect of mitragynine, an alkaloid with analgesic effects, from the Thai medicinal plant Mitragyna speciosa, on electrically stimulated contraction of isolated guinea-pig ileum through the opioid receptor. Life Science 60:933-942.