Determination of firn density in ice cores using image analysis

Journal of Glaciology

Volumn 53, Issue 182, 2007, Pages 413-419

  Sjögren, Björn ^a   Brandt, Ola ^b   Nuth, Chris ^b   Isaksson, Elisabeth ^b   Pohjola, Veijo ^a   Kohler, Jack ^b   Van de Wal, Roderik S W ^c  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b NORWEGIAN POLAR INSTITUTE   (Norway)

^c UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DENSITY; DIGITAL IMAGE; FIRN; ICE CORE; IMAGE ANALYSIS;

EID: 37549034634     PISSN: 00221430     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3189/002214307783258369     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Alley, R.B. and 11 others. 1997. Visual-stratigraphic dating of the GISP2 ice core: basis, reproducibility, and application. J. Geophys. Res., 102(Cl2), 26,367-26,382.
2. Benson, C.S. 1960. Stratigraphic studies in the snow and firn of the Greenland ice sheet. (PhD thesis, California Institute of Technology.)
3. Brandt, O., J. Kohler and K. Langley. 2005. Spatial distribution of stratigraphic density variations in Arctic firn mapped by ground penetrating radar and coring. EOS Fall Meet. Suppl., 86(52), Abstract PP33C-1594.
4. Eisen, O., U. Nixdorf, F. Wilhelms and H. Miller. 2002. Electromagnetic wave speed in polar ice: validation of the common-midpoint technique with high-resolution dielectric-profiling and γ-density measurements. Ann. Glaciol., 34, 150-156.
5. Gerland, S., H. Oerter, J. Kipfstuhl, F. Wilhelms, H. Miller and W.D. Miners. 1999. Density log of a 181 m long ice core from Berkner Island, Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol., 29, 215-219.
6. Gonzalez, R.C. and R.E. Woods. 2002. Digital image processing. Second edition. Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
7. Goto-Azuma, K. and 6 others. 1995. An ice-core chemistry record from Snøfjellafonna, northwestern Spitsbergen. Ann. Glaciol., 21, 213-218.
8. Hawley, R.L., E.D. Waddington, R.A. Alley and K.C. Taylor. 2003. Annual layers in polar firn detected by Borehole Optical Stratigraphy. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(15), 1788. (10.1029/2003GL017675.)
9. Herron, M.M. and C.C. Langway, Jr. 1980. Firn densification: an empirical model. J. Glaciol., 25(93), 373-385.
10. Kaczmarska, M. and 7 others. 2006. Ice core melt features in relation to Antarctic coastal climate. Antarct. Sci., 18(2), 271-278.
11. Kameda, T., H. Narita, H. Shoji, F. Nishio, Y. Fujii and O. Watanabe. 1995. Melt features in ice cores from Site J, southern Greenland: some implications for summer climate since AD 1550. Ann. Glaciol., 21, 51-58.
12. Karlöf, L. and 13 others. 2000. A 1500 year record of accumulation at Amundsenisen, western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, derived from electrical and radioactive measurements on a 120 m ice core. J. Geophys. Res., 105(Dl0), 12,471-12,483.
13. Koerner, R.M. 1997. Some comments on climatic reconstructions from ice cores drilled in areas of high melt. J. Glaciol., 43(143), 90-97.
14. Kovacs, A., A.J. Gow and R.M. Morey. 1995. The in-situ dielectric constant of polar firn revisited. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 23(3), 245-256.
15. Lillesand, T.M. and R.W. Kiefer. 1994. Remote sensing and image interpretation. Third edition. New York, John Wiley and Sons.
16. Morris, E.M. and J.D. Cooper. 2003. Instruments and methods. Density measurements in ice boreholes using neutron scattering. J. Glaciol., 49(167), 599-604.
17. Mulvaney, R., S. Bremner, A. Tait and N. Audley. 2002. A medium-depth ice core drill. Nat. Inst. Polar Res. Mem., Special Issue. 56, 82-90.
18. Paterson, W.S.B. 1994. The physics of glaciers. Third edition. Oxford, etc., Elsevier.
19. Pohjola, V.A. 1994. TV-video observations of englacial voids in Storglaciären, Sweden. J. Glaciol., 40(135), 231-240.
20. Pohjola, V. and 7 others. 2002. Effect of periodic melting on geochemical and isotopic signals in an ice core on Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard. J. Geophys. Res., 107(D4), 4036. (10.1029/ 2000JD000149.)
21. Schwander, J. and 6 others. 1993. The age of the air in the firn and ice at Summit, Greenland. J. Geophys. Res., 98(D2), 2831-2838.
22. Schytt, V. 1958. Snow and ice studies in Antarctica. Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949-52. Scientific results vol. IV. Glaciology II. Oslo. Norsk Polarinstitutt.
23. Svensson, A. and 7 others. 2005. Visual stratigraphy of the North Greenland Ice Core Project (Nort̀hGRIP) ice core during the last glacial period. J. Geophys. Res., 110(D2), D02108. (10.1029/20041D005134.)
24. Takata, M., Y. Iizuka, T. Hondoh, S. Fujita, Y. Fujii and H. Shoji. 2004. Stratigraphic analysis of Dome Fuji Antarctic ice core using an optical scanner. Ann. Glaciol., 39, 467-472.
25. Wilen, L.A., C.L. DiPrinzio, R.B. Alley and N. Azuma. 2003. Development, principles, and applications of automated ice fabric analyzers. Microsc. Res. Techn., 62(l), 2-18.
26. Wilhelms, F. 2000. Messung dielektrischer Eigenschaften polarer Eiskerne. Ber. Polarforsch./Rep. Pd. Res. 367. Bremerhaven, Germany. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung.
27. Wilhelms, F., J. Kipfstuhl, H. Miller, K. Heinloth and J. Firestone. 1998. Precise dielectric profiling of ice cores: a new device with improved guarding and its theory. J. Glaciol., 44(146), 171-174.
28. Wiscombe, W.J. and S.G. Warren. 1980. A model for the spectral albedo of snow. I. Pure snow. J. Atmos. Sci., 37(12), 2712-2733.
29. Wolff, E.W., W.D. Miners, J.C. Moore and J.G. Paren. 1997. Factors controlling the electrical conductivity of ice from the polar regions - a summary. J. Phys. Chem., 101 (32), 6090-6094.