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1
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84931522563
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For reviews of mesoscopic physics see C. W. J. Beenakker and H. van Houten, in Solid State Physics, edited by H. Ehrenreich and D. Turnbull (Academic Press, New York, 1991), Vol. 44, pp. 1 228; Mesoscopic Phenomena in Solids, edited by B. L. Altshuler, P. A. Lee, and R. A. Webb (North Holland, New York, 1991).
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2
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84931522562
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For a review see A. D. Stone, P. A. Mello, K. Muttalib, and J. L. Pichard, in Mesoscopic Phenomena in Solids, Ref. 1
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16
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84931522567
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For reviews of chaos see M. C. Gutzwiller, Chaos in Classical and Quantum Mechanics (Springer Verlag, New York, 1991); Chaos and Quantum Physics, edited by M. J. Giannoni, A. Voros, and J. Zinn Justin (North Holland, New York, 1991).
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17
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84931522566
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See, e.g., C. M. Marcus et al., Surf. Sci. 305, 480 489 (1994); M. W. Keller et al., ; M. J. Berry et al., ibid. 305, 495 500 (1994); D. Weiss et al., ibid. 305, 408 418 (1994).
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(1994)
ibid.
, vol.305
, pp. 501 506
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21
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84931522571
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M. L. Mehta, Random Matrices (Academic, New York, 1991); C. E. Porter, Statistical Theories of Spectral Fluctuations (Academic, New York, 1965); L. K. Hua, Harmonic Analysis of Functions of Several Complex Variables in the Classical Domain, translated by L. Ebner and A. Koranyi (American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1963).
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29
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84931522572
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In Eq. ( ref{polarmu}) we have omitted phase factors which reflect the arbitrariness of the decomposition Eq. ( ref{polarS}) for the CUE case. None of the results reported here is affected; see, Ref. 17, for a full discussion. Also note that Πi runs from i=1 to 2 for the COE and i=1 to 4 for the CUE.
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30
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84931522569
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The agreement is poorest in the COE N=3 case; further analysis is necessary to determine whether there is a systematic deviation near T=1.25.
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33
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84931522570
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(to be published).
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39
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84931522573
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We have considered structures with two equal size leads and < S > = 0. It is straightforward to consider leads of different size: suppose there are N1 (N2) propagating modes in lead 1 (2). Then, for example, for N1, N2 → ∞ with N1 / N2 equiv K, {< T >}COE - {< T >}CUE = -K/(1+K)2, var(T)COE = 2 var(T)CUE = 2 K2/(1+K)4, and we have universality classes labeled by K. The weak dependence on K limits the ``universality'' of our results.
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