Crustal accretion at the Reykjanes Ridge, 61°-62°N

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 103, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 5185-5201

  Small wood, John R ^a,b   White, Robert S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b Amerada Hess Ltd   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 3743088219     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97jb03387     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Applegate, B., and A.N. Shor, The northern Mid-Atlantic and Reykjanes Ridges: Spreading center morphology between 55°50′N and 63°00′N, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 17,935-17,956, 1994. (Correction, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24,207-24,208, 1994.)
2. Bell, R.E., and W.R. Buck, Crustal control of ridge segmentation inferred from observations of the Reykjanes Ridge, Nature, 357, 583-586, 1992.
3. Bown, J.W., and R.S. White, Variation with spreading rate of oceanic crustal thickness and geochemistry, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 121, 435-449, 1994.
4. Bruguier, N.J., and T.A. Minshull, Accurate modelling of sonobuoy refraction data to determine velocity variations in oceanic crust, Mar. Geophys. Res., 19, 25-36, 1997.
5. Bunch, A.W.H., and B.L.N. Kennett, The crustal structure of the Reykjanes Ridge at 59°30′N. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 61, 141-166, 1980.
6. Carlson, R.L., and C.N. Herrick, Densities and porosities in the oceanic crust and their variations with depth and age, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 9153-9170, 1990.
7. Carlson, R.L., and D.J. Miller, A new assessment of the abundance of serpentinite in the oceanic crust, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 457-460, 1997.
8. Christeson, G.L., G.M. Kent, G.M. Purdy, and R.S. Detrick, Extrusive thickness variability at the East Pacific Rise, 9°-10°N: Constraints from seismic techniques, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 2859-2873, 1996.
9. Cudrak, C.F., and R.M. Clowes, Crustal structure of Endeavour Ridge segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge, from a detailed seismic refraction survey, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 6329-6349, 1993.
10. de Boer, J., Variations of the magnetic properties of post-glacial pillow lavas along the Reykjanes Ridge, J. Geophys. Res., 80, 3769-3776, 1975.
11. DeMets, C., R.G. Gordon, D.F. Argus, and S. Stein, Current plate motions, Geophys. J. Int., 101, 425-478, 1990.
12. Ewing, J.I., and G.M. Purdy, Upper crustal velocity structure in the ROSE area of the East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 8397-8402, 1982.
13. Francis, T.J.G., The seismicity of the Reykjanes Ridge, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 18, 119-123, 1973.
14. Gee, J., and D.V. Kent, Variations in layer 2A thickness and the origin of the central anomaly magnetic high, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 297-300, 1994.
15. Grevemeyer, I., and W. Weigel, Seismic velocities of the uppermost igneous crust versus age, Geophys. J. Int., 124, 631-635, 1996.
16. Harding, A.J., J.A. Orcutt, M.E. Kappus, E.E. Vera, J.C. Mutter, P. Buhl, R.S. Detrick, and T.M. Brocher, Structure of young oceanic crust at 13°N on the East Pacific Rise from expanding spread profiles, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 12,163-12,196, 1989.
17. Hooft, E.E.E., H. Schouten, and R.S. Detrick, Constraining crustal emplacement processes from the variation in seismic layer 2A thickness at the East Pacific Rise, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 289-309, 1996.
18. Houtz, R., and J. Ewing, Upper crustal structure as a function of plate age, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 2490-2498, 1976.
19. Kappus, M.E., A.J. Harding, and J.A. Orcutt, A baseline for upper crustal velocity variations along the East Pacific Rise at 13°N, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 6143-6161, 1995.
20. Keeton, J.A., R.C. Searle, B. Parsons, R.S. White, B.J. Murton, L.M. Parson, C. Peirce, and M.C. Sinha, The bathymetry of the Reykjanes Ridge, Mar. Geophys. Res., 19, 55-64, 1997.
21. Khitarov, N.I., E.B. Lebedev, A.M. Dorfman, and N.S. Bagdasorov, Study of process of melting of the Kirgurich basalt by the wave method, Geochimica, 9, 1239-1246, 1983.
22. Klitgord, K.D., Seafloor spreading: The central anomaly magnetization high, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 29, 201-209, 1976.
23. Laughton, A.S., R.C. Searle, and D.G. Roberts, The Reykjanes Ridge crest and the transition between its rifted and non-rifted regions, Tectonophysics, 55, 173-177, 1979.
24. Lee, S.-M., S.C. Solomon, and M.A. Tivey, Fine-scale crustal magnetization variations and segmentation of the East Pacific Rise, 9°10′-9°50′N, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 22,033-22,050, 1996.
25. Lilwall, R.C., T.J.G. Francis, and I.T. Porter, Some ocean-bottom seismograph observations on the Reykjanes Ridge at 59°N, Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 62, 321-327, 1980.
26. McDonald, M.A., S.C. Webb, J.A. Hildebrand, and B.D. Cornuelle, Seismic structure and anisotropy of the Juan de Fuca Ridge at 45°N, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 4857-4873, 1994.
27. Magde, L.S., and D.K. Smith, Seamount volcanism at the Reykjanes Ridge: Relationship to the Iceland hot spot, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8449-8468, 1995.
28. Mochizuki, M., Crustal structure and micro-seismicity of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, near Iceland, derived from ocean bottom seismographic observations, Ph.D. thesis, Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, Japan, 1995.
29. Murase, T., and A.R. McBirney, Properties of some common igneous rocks and their melts at high temperatures, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 84, 3563-3592, 1973.
30. Murton, B.J., and L.M. Parson, Segmentation, volcanism and deformation of oblique spreading centres: A quantitative study of the Reykjanes Ridge, Tectonophysics, 222, 237-257, 1993.
31. Parker, R.L., and S.P. Huestis, The inversion of magnetic anomalies in the presence of topography, J. Geophys. Res., 79, 1587-1593, 1974.
32. Pariso, J.E., C. Rommevaux, and J.-C. Sempéré, Three-dimensional inversion of marine magnetic anomalies: Implications for crustal accretion along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (28°-31°30′N), Mar. Geophys. Res., 18, 85-101, 1996.
33. Parson, L.M., et al., En echelon axial volcanic ridges at the Reykjanes Ridge: A life cycle of volcanism and tectonics, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 117, 73-87, 1993.
34. Purdy, G.M., New observations of the shallow seismic structure of young oceanic crust, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 9351-9362, 1987.
35. Rohr, K.M.M., Increase of seismic velocities in upper oceanic crust and hydrothermal circulation in the Juan de Fuca plate, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2163-2166, 1994.
36. Sandwell, D.T., Ocean basin tectonics revealed with declassified Geosat altimeter data (abstract), Eos Trans. AGU, 76 (46), Fall Meet. Suppl., 149-150, 1995.
37. Searle, R.C., and A.S. Laughton, Fine-scale sonar study of tectonics and volcanism at the Reykjanes Ridge, Oceanol. Acta., 4, suppl., 5-13, 1981.
38. Searle, R.C., P.R. Field, and R.B. Owens, Segmentation and a nontransform ridge offset on the Reykjanes Ridge near 58°N, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24,159-24,172, 1994.
39. Sempéré, J.-C., High magnetization zones near spreading centre discontinuities, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 107, 389-405, 1991.
40. Sempéré, J.-C., L. Kristjánsson, H. Schouten, J.R. Heirtzler, and G.L. Johnson, A detailed magnetic study of the Reykjanes Ridge between 63°00′N and 63°40′N, Mar. Geophys. Res., 12, 215-234, 1990.
41. Sinha, M.C., D.A. Navin, L.M. MacGregor, S. Constable, C. Peirce, A. White, G. Heinson, and M.A. Inglis, Evidence for accumulated melt beneath the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London., Ser. A, 355, 233-253, 1997.
42. Smallwood, J.R., Oceanic crust formed near the Iceland mantle plume, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, 1997.
43. Smallwood, J.R., R.S. White, and T.A. Minshull, Seafloor spreading in the presence of the Iceland plume: The structure of the Reykjanes Ridge at 61°40′N, J. Geol. Soc. London, 152, 1,023-1,029, 1995.
44. Stevenson, J.M., and J.A. Hildebrand, Gravity modelling of a volcanically active site on the East Pacific Rise axis, Tectonophysics, 254, 57-68, 1994.
45. Talwani, M., C.C. Windisch, and M.G. Langseth Jr., Reykjanes Ridge crest: A detailed geophysical study, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 473-517, 1971.
46. Taylor, R.N., B.J. Murton, and M.F. Thirwall, Petrographic and geochemical variation along the Reykjanes Ridge, 57°N-59°N, J. Geol. Soc. London, 152, 1031-1037, 1995.
47. Tivey, M.A., Fine-scale magnetic anomaly field over the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge: Axial magnetization low and implications for crustal structure, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 4833-4855, 1994.
48. Tivey, M.A., Vertical magnetic structure of ocean crust determined from near-bottom magnetic field measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 20,275-20,296, 1996.
49. Tivey, M.A., and H.P. Johnson, Variations in oceanic crustal structure and implications for the fine-scale magnetic anomaly signal, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1879-1882, 1993.
50. Vogt, P.R., Asthenospheric motion recorded by the ocean floor south of Iceland, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 13, 153-160, 1971.
51. Weiland, C.M., K.C. Macdonald, and N.R. Grindlay, Ridge segmentation and magnetic structure of the southern MidAtlantic Ridge 26°S and 31°-35°S: Implications for magmatic processes at slow spreading centers, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 8055-8073, 1996.
52. White, D.J., and R.M. Clowes, Shallow crustal structure beneath the Juan de Fuca Ridge from 2-D seismic refraction tomography, Geophys. J. Int., 100, 349-367, 1990.
53. White R.S., Rift-plume interaction in the North Atlantic, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 355, 319-339, 1997.
54. White, R.S., D. McKenzie, and R.K. O'Nions, Oceanic crustal thickness from seismic measurements and rare earth element inversions, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 19,683-19,715, 1992.
55. White, R.S., J.W. Bown, and J.R. Smallwood, The temperature of the Iceland plume and origin of outward-propagating V-shaped ridges, J. Geol. Soc. London, 152, 1039-1045, 1995.
56. Whitmarsh, R.B., Seismic refraction studies of the upper igneous crust in the north Atlantic and porosity estimates for layer 2, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 37, 451-464, 1978.
57. Wilkens, R.H., G.J. Fryer, and J. Karsten, Evolution of porosity and seismic structure of upper oceanic crust: Importance of aspect ratios, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 17,981-17,995, 1991.
58. Zelt, C.A., and R.M. Ellis, Practical and efficient ray tracing in two-dimensional media for rapid travel time and amplitude forward modelling, Can. J. Explor. Geophys., 24, 16-31, 1988.
59. Zelt, C.A., and R.B. Smith, Seismic travel time inversion for 2-D crustal velocity structure, Geophys. J. Int., 108, 16-34, 1992.