Acute pain in the horse and a way of its objective determination;Über den akuten schmerz beim pferd und eine möglichkeit seiner objektiven bestimmung

Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Grosstiere - Nutztiere

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 108-112

  Zierz, J ^a   Wintzer, H J ^a  

^a FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Adrenaline; Horse; Noradrenaline; Pain

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; NORADRENALIN;

ACUTE DISEASE; ANIMAL; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; BLOOD; BREATHING; COLIC; FEMALE; FRACTURE; HEART RATE; HORSE; HORSE DISEASE; MALE; PAIN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY;

ACUTE DISEASE; ANIMALS; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; COLIC; EPINEPHRINE; FEMALE; FRACTURES, BONE; HEART RATE; HORSE DISEASES; HORSES; MALE; NOREPINEPHRINE; PAIN; RESPIRATION;

EID: 3743061734     PISSN: 14341220     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Bell FR, Evans CL. The relation between sweating and the innervation of sweat glands in the horse. J Physiol (Lond) 1956; 134: 421-6.
2. Fraser JA. Some observations on the behaviour of the horse in pain. Br Vet J 1969; 125: 150.
3. Gann DS, Lilly MP. The neuroendocrine response to multiple trauma. Wld J Surg 1983; 7: 101-18.
4. Guidelines for the recognition and assessment of pain in animals. Prepared by the working party of the Association of Veterinary Teachers and of Research Workers. Published by Universities Federation for Animal Welfare 1989.
5. Hodson NP, Causon R, Edwards GB. Catecholamines in equine grass sickness. Vet Rec 1984; 115: 18-9.
6. Hodson NP, Wright JA, Hand J. The sympathoadrenal system and plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortison and catecholamines in equine grass sicknes. Vet Rec 1986; 118: 148-50.
7. Jochle W. Field trial evaluation of Detomidin as a sedative and analgesic in horses to the colic. Equine Vet J Suppl 1989; 7: 117-20.
8. Levine S. A definition of stress? In: Animal Stress. Moberg GP, ed. Bethesda, Maryland: Am Physiol Soc 1985; 51-69.
9. Loeffler K. Schmerz und Angst beim Tier. Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr 1993; 100 (2): 69-70.
10. Martinez R, Godoy A, Naretto E, White A. Neuroendocrine changes produced by competition stress on the throughbred race horse. Comp Biochem Physiol 1988; 91a: 599-602.
11. McCarthy C, Jeffcott CB, Clarke IJ. Preliminary studies of the use of plasma β-endorphin in horses as an indicator of stress and pain. J Equine Vet Sci 1993; 13: 216-9.
12. Moberg GP. Biological response to stress: Key to assessment of animal well-being? In: Animal Stress. Moberg GP, ed. Bethesda, Maryland: Am Physiol Soc 1985.
13. Muir WW, Robertson JT. Visceral analgesia: Effects of xylacin-butorphanol, mepiridin and pentazocine in horses. Am J Vet Res 1985; 46: 2081-4.
14. Raekallio M, Vainio O, Scheinin M. Detomidine reduces the plasma catecholamine, but not cortisol concentrations in horses. J Vet Med 1991; A 38: 153-6.
15. Robertshaw D, Taylor CR. A comparison of sweat gland activity in eight species of East African bovids. J Physiol (Lond) 1969; 203: 135-43.
16. Soma LR. Behavioral changes and the assessment of pain in animals. In: Proc Second Int Cong Vet Anesth 1985.
17. Wittke G. Physiologie des Nervensystems und der Sinnesorgane. In: Lehrbuch der Veterinärphysiologie. 7. Aufl. Wittke G, Scheunert A, Trautmann A, Hrsg. Berlin, Hamburg: Parey 1987.
18. Zierz J. Die Quantifizierung akuter Schmerzen beim Pferd mittels physiologischer und ethologischer (klinischer und verhaltenstypischer) Parameter sowie deren Korrelation zur aktuellen Plasmakonzentration von Adrenalin und Noradrenalin. Ein Beitrag zur Schmerzmessung beim Pferd. Diss med vet. Freie Universität Berlin 1993.
19. Zimmermann M. Behavioural investigation of pain in animals. In: Assessing Pain in Farm Animals. Duncan AH, Moloney V, eds. Luxembourg: Comm Eur Commun 1984.
20. Zimmermann M. Basic concepts of pain and pain therapy. Arzneimittelforsch 1984; 34: 1053.