Unicameral bone cysts: Etiology and treatment

Current Opinion in Orthopaedics

Volumn 18, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 555-560

  Milbrandt, Todd ^a   Hopkins, Jeffrey ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

Author keywords

Benign skeletal lesions; Simple bone cysts; Solitary bone cysts; Unicameral bone cysts

Indexed keywords

BISPHOSPHONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; CALCIUM SULFATE; FIBRIN GLUE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE;

BONE CYST; BONE GRAFT; BONE MATRIX; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CURETTAGE; DECOMPRESSION; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; FRACTURE; HUMAN; INJECTION; INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING; MEDICAL RESEARCH; OSTEOBLAST; OSTEOCLAST; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOLITARY BONE CYST; TREATMENT PLANNING; TREATMENT RESPONSE; VEIN BLOOD FLOW;

EID: 37349100947     PISSN: 10419918     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0b013e3282f05890     Document Type: Review

References (26)

1. Kaelin AJ, MacEwen GD. Unicameral bone cysts: Natural history and risk of fracture. Int Orthop 1989; 13:275-282.
2. Gennari J, Merrot T, Piclet/Legre B, Bergoin M. The choice of treatment for simple bone cysts of the upper third of the femur in children. Eur J Pediatr Surg 1996; 6:95-99.
3. Wilkins R. Unicameral bone cysts. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2000; 8:217-224.
4. Dormans JP, Sankar W, Moroz L, Erol B. Percutaneous intramedullary decompression, curettage and grafting with medical-grade calcium sulfate pellets for unicameral bone cysts in children: A new minimally invasive technique. J Pediatr Orthop 2005; 25:804-811.
5. De Sanctis N, Andreacchio A. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing is the best treatment of unicameral bone cysts of the long bones in children? Prospective long term follow-up study. J Pediatr Orthop 2006; 26:520-525. Patients had excellent results with this minimally invasive technique. In addition to cyst decompression, intramedullary nails also provide structural support for weakened cortical bone in weight bearing areas.
6. Vigler M, Weigl D, Schwartz M, et al. Subtrochanteric femoral fractures due to simple bone cysts in children. J Pediatr Orthop 2006; 15:439-442. Patients were treated with curettage, grafting (autologous or bone substitute) and stabilization (internal or external).
7. Cohen J. Unicameral bone cysts: A current synthesis of reported cases. Orthop Clin North Am 1977; 8:715-735.
8. Jaffe H, Lichtenstein L. Solitary unicameral bone cysts: with emphasis on the roentgen picture, the pathologic appearance and the pathogenesis. Arch Surg 1942; 44:1004-1025.
9. Chigari M, Maehara S, Arita S, Udagawa E. The aetiology and treatment of simple bone cysts. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1983; 65B:633-637.
10. Komiya S, Minamitani K, Sasaguri Y, et al. Simple bone cyst: treatment by trepanation and studies of bone resorptive factors in cyst fluid with a theory of its pathogenesis. Clin Orthop 1993; 287:204-211.
11. Yu J, Chang S, Suratwala S, et al. Zolendronate induces apoptosis in cells from fibrocellular membrane of unicameral bone cysts (UBC). J Orthop Res 2005; 23:1004-1012.
12. Vasconcellos D, Yandow S, Grace A, et al. Cyst index: A nonpredictor of simple bone cyst fracture. J Pediatr Orthop 2007; 27:307-310. This critical analysis of the cyst index found it neither sensitive nor specific for fracture prediction. Repeatability was poor.
13. Snyder B, Hauser-Kara D, Hipp J, et al. Predicting fracture through benign skeletal lesions with quantitative computed tomography. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006; 88A:55-70. The authors propose a novel method for determining fracture risk based on CT images.
14. Roposch A, Saraph V, Linhart W. Flexible intramedullary nailing for the treatment of unicameral bone cysts in long bones. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82A:1447-1453.
15. Scaglietti O, Marchetti P, Bartolozzi P. Final results obtained in the treatment of bone cysts with methylprednisolone acetate (depo-medrol) and a discussion of results achieved in other bone lesions. Clin Orthop 1982; 165:200-204.
16. Cohen J, Roposch A, Saraph V, Linhart W. Intramedullary nailing for the treatment of unicameral bone cysts. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2001; 83A:1280-11280.
17. Santori F, Ghera S, Castelli V. Treatment of solitary bone cysts with intramedullary nailing. Orthopedics 1988; 11:873-878.
18. Roposch A, Saraph V, Linhart W. Treatment of femoral neck and trochanteric simple bone cysts. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2004; 124:437-442.
19. Jaffe K, Dunham W. Treatment of benign lesions of the femoral head and neck. Clin Orthop 1990; 257:134-137.
20. Cho H, Oh J, Kim H, et al. Unicameral bone cysts: a comparison of injection of steroid and grafting with autologous bone marrow. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007; 89B:222-226. With this minimally invasive technique, both steroid and ABG injection provided good results.
21. Capanna R, Dal Monte R, Gitelis S, Campanacci M. The natural history of unicameral bone cyst after steroid injection. Clin Orthop 1982; 80:204-211.
22. Lokiec F, Ezra E, Khermosh O, Wientroub S. Simple bone cysts treated by percutaneous autologous marrow grafting: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1996; 78B:934-937.
23. Tang X, Liu L, Peng M, Xiang B. Experience exchange: Simple bone cysts in children treated with intracystic fibrin sealant injection. Chin Med J 2006; 119:523-525. The authors found high success rates with this percutaneous technique. Fibrin sealant is readily available and eliminates donor site morbidity.
24. Rougraff B, Kling T. Treatment of active unicameral bone cysts with percutaneous injection of demineralized bone matrix and autogenous bone marrow. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002; 84A:921-929.
25. Kanellopoulos A, Yiannakopoulos C, Soucacos P. Percutaneous reaming of simple bone cysts in children followed by injection of demineralized bone matrix and autologous bone marrow. J Pediatr Orthop 2005; 25:671-675.
26. Neer C, Francis K, Johnston A, et al. Current concepts on the treatment of simple bone cysts. Clin Orthop 1973; 97:40-51.