Increasing life expectancy in Germany: Quantitative contributions from changes in age- and disease-specific mortality

European Journal of Public Health

Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 587-592

  Klenk, Jochen ^a   Rapp, Kilian ^a   Büchele, Gisela ^a   Keil, Ulrich ^b   Weiland, Stephan K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ULM   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MÜNSTER   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cancer; Cardiovascular diseases; Contribution; Germany; Life expectancy; Mortality

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY; CANCER MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COLORECTAL CANCER; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GERMANY; GROUPS BY AGE; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HUMAN; LIFE EXPECTANCY; LUNG CANCER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; STOMACH CANCER;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; GERMANY; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; NEOPLASMS; VITAL STATISTICS;

EID: 37249045532     PISSN: 11011262     EISSN: 1464360X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckm024     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Oeppen J, Vaupel JW. Demography. Broken limits to life expectancy. Science 2002;296:1029-31.
2. United Nations. World Mortality Report 2005. New York, 2006.
3. Nolte E, Scholz R, Shkolnikov V, et al. The contribution of medical care to changing life expectancy in Germany and Poland. Soc Sci Med 2002;55:1905-21.
4. Gjonca A, Brockmann H, Maier H. Old-Age mortality in Germany prior to and after Reunification. Demogr Res 2000;3:1.
5. Conti S, Farchi G, Masocco M, et al. The impact of the major causes of death on life expectancy in Italy. Int J Epidemiol 1999;28:905-10.
6. Yoshinaga K, Une H. Contributions of mortality changes by age group and selected causes of death to increase in Japanese life expectancy at birth from 1950 to 2000. Eur J Epidemiol 2005;20:49-57.
7. Lenfant C. Shattuck lecture-clinical research to clinical practice-lost in translation? N Engl J Med 2003;349:868-74.
8. Shkolnikov V, McKee M, Leon DA. Changes in life expectancy in Russia in the mid-1990s. Lancet 2001;357:917-21.
9. Statistisches Bundesamt. Todesursachenstatistik. Wiesbaden 2005.
10. WHO. Mortality Database. http://www.who.int/whosis/mort/ (acessed 30 March 2006).
11. Pollard JH. The expectation of life and its relationship to mortality. J Inst Actuaries 1982;109:225-40.
12. Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Modern Epidemiology. 2nd edn. Philadelphia, Lippincott: Williams & Wilkins, 1998: 317.
13. SAS for Windows 9.1. Version 9.1. Cary, NC, USA: 2005.
14. Olshansky SJ, Ault AB. The fourth stage of the epidemiologic transition: the age of delayed degenerative diseases. Milbank Q 1986;64:355-91.
15. Gomez-Redondo R, Boe C. Decomposition analysis of Spanish life expectancy at birth: evolution and changes in components by sex and age. Demogr Res 2005;13:521-46.
16. Watanabe T, Omori M, Fukuda H, et al. Influence of death from cardiovascular diseases on life expectancy at birth in Japan. J Epidemiol 2002;12:450-6.
17. Kuulasmaa K, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Dobson A, et al. Estimation of contribution of changes in classic risk factors to trends in coronary-event rates across the WHO MONICA Project populations. Lancet 2000;355:675-87.
18. Tunstall-Pedoe H, Vanuzzo D, Hobbs M, et al. Estimation of contribution of changes in coronary care to improving survival, event rates, and coronary heart disease mortality across the WHO MONICA Project populations. Lancet 2000;355:688-700.
19. Heidrich J, Liese AD, Kalic M, et al. Sekundärprävention der koronaren Herzkrankheit. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2002;13:667-72.
20. Keil U, Liese AD, Hense HW, et al. Classical risk factors and their impact on incident non-fatal and fatal myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality in southern Germany. Results from the MONICA Ausburg cohort study 1984-1992. Eur Heart J 1998;19:1197-207.
21. EUROASPIRE I and II Groups. Clinical reality of coronary prevention guidelines: a comparison of EUROASPIRE I and II in nine countries. European action on secondary prevention by intervention to reduce events. Lancet 2001;357:995-1001.
22. Ness AR, Powles JW. Fruit and vegetables, and cardiovascular disease: a review. Int J Epidemiol 1997;26:1-13.
23. Adeyi O, Chellaraj G, Goldstein E, et al. Health status during transition in Central and Eastern Europe: development in reverse? Health Policy Plann 1997;12:132-45.
24. Nolte E, Shkolnikov V, McKee M. Changing mortality patterns in East and West Germany and Poland. I: long term trends (1960-1997). J Epidemiol Community Health 2000;54:890-8.
25. Dolea C, Nolte E, McKee M. Changing life expectancy in Romania after transition. J Epidemiol Community Health 2002;56:444-9.
26. Bailar JC, III, Gornik HL. Cancer undefeated. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1569-74.
27. Brenner H. Long-term survival rates of cancer patients achieved by the end of the 20th century: a period analysis. Lancet 2002;360:1131-5.
28. Levi F, Lucchini F, Gonzalez JR, et al. Monitoring falls in gastric cancer mortality in Europe. Ann Oncol 2004;15:338-45.
29. Adami HO, Hunter D, Trichopoulos D. Cancer epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford Univerity Press, 2002.
30. Fischbach W, Chan AO, Wong BC. Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Malignancy. Helicobacter 2005;10(Suppl 1):34-9.
31. Bertz J, Hentschel S, Stegmaier C. Krebs in Deutschland. Saarbrücken: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Bevölkerungsbezogener Krebsregister in Deutschland, 2004.
32. Mandel JS, Bond JH, Church TR, et al. Reducing mortality from colorectal cancer by screening for fecal occult blood. Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1365-71.
33. Pignone M, Rich M, Teutsch SM, et al. Screening for colorectal cancer in adults at average risk: a summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:132-41.
34. Felix Burda Stiftung. Von der Reaktion zur Prävention - Leitbild für eine moderne Gesellschaft. Studie zum Stand der Prävention in Deutschland. München, 2005.
35. Maziak W, Hense HW, Doring A, et al. Ten-year trends in smoking behaviour among adults in southern Germany. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2002;6:824-30.
36. Statistisches Bundesamt. Mikrozensus - Fragen zur Gesundheit. http://www.gbe-bund.de. (accessed 31 March 2006).
37. World Health Organisation. WHO Framework Convention on Tabacco Control. http://www.who.int/gb/fctc/(accessed 31 March 2006).
38. Smeeth L, Thomas SL, Hall AJ, et al. Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke after acute infection or vaccination. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2611-8.
39. Cockburn WC, Delon PJ, Ferreira W. Origin and progress of the 1968-69 Hong Kong influenza epidemic. Bull World Health Organ 1969;41:345-48.
40. Olshansky SJ, Carnes BA, Desesquelles A. Demography. Prospects for human longevity. Science 2001;291:1491-92.
41. Lademann J, Kolip P. Schwerpunktbericht der Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes: Gesundheit von Frauen und Männern im mittleren Lebensalter. Berlin: Robert Koch Institut, 2005.
42. Olshansky SJ, Carnes BA, Cassel C. In search of Methuselah: estimating the upper limits to human longevity. Science 1990;250:634-40.
43. James PT, Leach R, Kalamara E, et al. The worldwide obesity epidemic. Obes Res 2001;9:(Suppl 4):228S-33S.
44. Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC, et al. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1138-45.
45. WHO. WHO Statistical Information System. http://www.who.int/countries/en/ (accessed 31 March 2006).
46. Winston FK, Rineer C, Menon R, et al. The carnage wrought by major economic change: ecological study of traffic related mortality and the reunification of Germany. BMJ 1999;318:1647-50.
47. Nolte E, Shkolnikov V, McKee M. Changing mortality patterns in East and West Germany and Poland. II: short term trends during transition and in the 1990s. J Epidemiol Community Health 2000;54:899-906.
48. Vaupel JW, Carey JR, Christensen K. Aging. It's never too late. Science 2003;301:1679-81.
49. Willett WC. Balancing life-style and genomics research for disease prevention. Science 2002;296:695-8.
50. Ezzati M, Lopez AD, Rodgers A, et al. Selected major risk factors and global and regional burden of disease. Lancet 2002;360:1347-60.