Challenges to the theory and practice of polyarchy: The rise of the political left in Korea

Third World Quarterly

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 107-124

  Gray, Kevin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION; DEMOCRATIZATION; NATIONAL POLITICS; PARTY POLITICS;

ASIA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; KOREA;

EID: 37049015132     PISSN: 01436597     EISSN: 13602241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01436590701726566     Document Type: Article

References (62)

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4. Przeworksi, Democracy and the Market, p 98.
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8. Robinson, Promoting Polyarchy, p 54.
9. Ibid.
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15. For a discussion of US involvement in the Kwangju massacre, see Chalmers Johnson, Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Power, London: Time Warner, 2002, pp 112-122.
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18. Minjung is a category that extends beyond 'social class' and broadly refers to 'the people'. The Minjung movement was a political, social and cultural movement that sought to challenge the structures of authoritarianism, national division and neo-imperialism on the Korean peninsula. See K Wells (ed), South Korea's Minjung Movement: The Culture and Politics of Dissidence, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'i, 1996.
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29. Robinson, Promoting Polyarchy, p 61.
30. There were many within the NL camp who went as far as accepting the Juche categories of Suryôn'gwan (the Supreme Leadership, Kim Il-sung) and Hugyejaron (the theory of legitimate heir, Kim Jong-Il), although this was a contested issue. They did not initially support the building of a labour party in South Korea because they recognised only the legitimacy of the (North) Korean Workers' Party.
31. M Park, 'Reflexivity, historicity and the framing of the lived experience in social movements in South Korea', pp 95-99.
32. Ibid, pp 105-108.
33. 'People's Party' and 'Minjung Party' are my own translations. In Korean, their names are almost identical: Minjungûi dang and Minjungdang, respectively.
34. Yôngt'ae Chông, 'Chinbojôngdangûi sônggwawa hanggye: 1956nyônûi chinbodangesô1990nyônûi minjungdangggaji' (The achievements and limitations of progressive parties: From the Progressive Party in 1956 to the Minjung Party in 1990), in Korea Labour Society Institute (KLSI) (ed), Nodongja chôngch'iseryôkhwa, chindan'gwa mosaek (The Political Empowerment of Labour), Seoul: KLSI, 1999, pp 232-242.
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36. Kim Jin Kyoon, '87nyôn yihu minjunojoundongûi kuchowa t'ûkjing: Chônggung nodongjohap hyôpûihoeûi chôngaegwachônggwa juyo hwaldongûl chungshimûro' (Structure and special characteristics of the post-87 democratic labour movement: On the development and the main operations of the National Confederation of Trade Unions), Sanôp Nodong Yôngu (Industrial Labour Research), 1 (2), 1996, pp 197-256.
37. B̂msang Yu, Han'gukûi nodongyinyôm - yinyômûi kwainggwa sot'ongûi pingon (Korean labour ideology: Surplus of ideology, poverty of communication), 2005, pp 295-301, available at http://www.kli.re.kr/, accessed 1 May 2006.
38. Kevin Gray, Korean Workers and Neoliberal Globalization, London: Routledge, 2008.
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41. Yu, 'Korean labour ideology', p 320.
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60. Interview with Prof. Kim Se-Kyun, Korean Institute for Labour Studies and Policies, 20 May 2004.
61. Se-Kyun, 'The political empowerment of the working class and the plan for the 1997 presidential election'.
62. John Marko., Waves of Democracy: Social Movements and Political Change, Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press, 1996, p 134.