The potential for horses to disperse alien plants along recreational trails

Rangeland Ecology and Management

Volumn 60, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 574-577

  Wells, Floye H ^a   Lauenroth, William K ^a  

^a Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

Colorado; Dung; Endozoochory; Invasive plants; Rocky Mountains; Seedling dispersal; Seedlings; Seeds; Wildlands

Indexed keywords

HORSE; INTRODUCED SPECIES; LONG RANGE TRANSPORT; SEED BANK; SEED DISPERSAL;

COLORADO; NORTH AMERICA; PINEY RIVER; ROCKY MOUNTAINS; UNITED STATES; WHITE RIVER NATIONAL FOREST;

EQUIDAE;

EID: 36749103299     PISSN: 15507424     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2111/06-102R1.1     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. BURKE, M. J. W., AND J. P. GRIME. 1996. An experimental study of plant community invasibility. Ecology 77:776-790.
2. CAIN, M. L., B. G. MILLIGAN, AND A. E. STRAND. 2000. Long-distance seed dispersal in plant populations. American Journal of Botany 87:1217-1227.
3. CAMPBELL, J. E., AND D. J. GIBSON. 2001. The effect of seeds of exotic species transported via horse dung on vegetation along trail corridors. Plant Ecology 157:23-25.
4. CAVERS, P. B., AND J. L. HARPER. 1967. Studies in dynamics of plant populations. I. Fate of seed and transplants introduced into various habitats. Journal of Ecology 55:59-71.
5. COFFIN, D. P., AND W. K. LAUENROTH. 1989. Spatial and temporal variation in the seed bank of a semiarid grassland. American Journal of Botany 76:53-58.
6. COLE, D. N., AND D. R. SPILDIE. 1998. Hiker, horse and llama trampling effects on native vegetation in Montana, USA. Journal of Environmental Management 53:61-71.
7. COSYNS, E., S. CLAERBOUT, I. LAMOOT, AND M. HOFFMANN. 2005. Endozoochorous seed dispersal by cattle and horse in a spatially heterogeneous landscape. Plant Ecology 178:149-162.
8. DELUCA, T. H., W. A. PATTERSON, W. A. FREIMUND, AND D. N. COLE. 1998. Influence of llamas, horses, and hikers on soil erosion from established recreation trails in western Montana, USA. Environmental Management 22:255-262.
9. GARDENER, C. J., J. G. MCIVOR, AND A. JANSEN. 1993. Passage of legume and grass seeds through the digestive-tract of cattle and their survival in feces. Journal of Applied Ecology 30:63-74.
10. HOBBS, R. J., AND L. F. HUENNEKE. 1992. Disturbance, diversity, and invasion: implications for conservation. Conservation Biology 6:324-337.
11. JANZEN, D. H. 1984. Dispersal of small seeds by big herbivores - foliage is the fruit. American Naturalist 123:338-353.
12. MACK, R. N., D. SIMBERLOFF, W. M. LONSDALE, H. EVANS, M. CLOUT, AND F. BAZZAZ. 2000. Biotic Invasions: Causes, epidemiology, global consequences, and control. Ecological Applications 10:689-710.
13. MOUISSIE, A. M., P. VOS, H. M. C. VERHAGEN, AND J. P. BAKKER. 2005. Endozoochory by free-ranging, large herbivores: ecological correlates and perspectives for restoration. Basic and Applied Ecology 6:547-558.
14. MYERS, J. A., M. VELLEND, S. GARDESCU, AND P. L. MARKS. 2004. Seed dispersal by white-tailed deer: implications for long-distance dispersal, invasion, and migration of plants in Eastern North America. Oecologia 139:35-44.
15. PAKEMAN, R. J., G. DIGNEFFE, AND J. L. SMALL. 2002. Ecological correlates of endozoochory by herbivores. Functional Ecology 16:296-304.
16. ST. JOHN SWEETING, R. S., AND K. A. MORRIS. 1990. Seed transmission through the digestive tract of the horse. Proceedings of the 9th Australian Weeds Conference; 6-10 August 1990. Adelaide, Australia: Weed Management Society of Australia, Inc. p. 137-139.
17. THOMPSON, K., AND J. P. GRIME. 1979. Seasonal-variation in the seed banks of herbaceous species in 10 contrasting habitats. Journal of Ecology 67:893-921.
18. USDA, NRCS. 2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA. Available at: http://plants.usda.gov. Accessed 15 Jaunary 2005.
19. VITOUSEK, P. M., C. M. DANTONIO, L. L. LOOPE, M. REJMANEK, AND R. WESTBROOKS. 1997. Introduced species: a significant component of human-caused global change. New Zealand Journal of Ecology 21:1-16.
20. WEBER, W. A., AND R. C. WHITTMANN. 2001. Colorado flora: Western slope. Boulder, CO: University Press of Colorado. 496 p.
21. WELLS, F. H. 2005. Alien plants on recreational trails in the Colorado Rocky Mountains [thesis]. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University. 80 p.
22. WILLIAMSON, M., AND A. FITTER. 1996. The varying success of invaders. Ecology 77:1661-1666.