The use of molecular markers in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer

Best Practice and Research: Clinical Gastroenterology

Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 1071-1087

  Tejpar, Sabine ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

colorectal cancer; expression profiling; methodology; predictive marker; prognostic marker; validation

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; B RAF KINASE; BEVACIZUMAB; CETUXIMAB; DIHYDROPYRIMIDINE DEHYDROGENASE; DNA; DNA TOPOISOMERASE; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR KINASE INHIBITOR; FLUOROURACIL; FOLINIC ACID; GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE 1A1; IRINOTECAN; K RAS PROTEIN; MOLECULAR MARKER; OXALIPLATIN; PANITUMUMAB; PROTEIN P53; RNA; THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE; THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE; VASCULOTROPIN; VASCULOTROPIN ANTIBODY; TUMOR MARKER;

ADJUVANT THERAPY; ARTICLE; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER STAGING; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLORECTAL CANCER; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; HUMAN; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; METASTASIS POTENTIAL; MICROMETASTASIS; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; MONOTHERAPY; PHARMACOGENETICS; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; CHEMISTRY; COLON RESECTION; COLORECTAL TUMOR; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; METASTASIS; PATHOLOGY; PATIENT SELECTION; REPRODUCIBILITY; REVIEW;

ANTINEOPLASTIC COMBINED CHEMOTHERAPY PROTOCOLS; CHEMOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; COLECTOMY; COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, NEOPLASTIC; HUMANS; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; PATIENT SELECTION; PHARMACOGENETICS; PROGNOSIS; RADIOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 36749060739     PISSN: 15216918     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2007.10.002     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Kitano H. Cancer as a robust system: implications for anticancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 4 3 (2004) 227-235
2. Loi S., Piccart M., and Sotiriou C. The use of gene-expression profiling to better understand the clinical heterogeneity of estrogen receptor positive breast cancers and tamoxifen response. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 61 3 (2007) 187-194
3. Links M., and Brown R. Clinical relevance of the molecular mechanisms of resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Exp Rev Mol Med 25 (1999) 1-21 October
4. Benson III A.B., Schrag D., Somerfield M., et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology recommendations on adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 22 (2004) 3408-3419
5. Sun W., and Haller D.G. Adjuvant therapy for colon cancer. Curr Oncol Rep 7 3 (2005) 181-185
6. Andre T., Boni C., Mounedji-Boudiaf L., et al. Multicenter International Study of Oxaliplatin/5-Fluorouracil/Leucovorin in the Adjuvant Treatment of Colon Cancer (MOSAIC) Investigators. Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 350 23 (2004) 2343-2351
7. Moertel C.G., Fleming T.R., Macdonald J.S., et al. Levamisole and fluorouracil as adjuvant therapy of resected colon carcinoma. N Engl J Med 322 (1990) 352-358
8. Gill S., Loprinzi C.L., Sargent D., et al. Pooled analysis of fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy for stage II and III colon cancer: who benefits and by how much?. J Clin Oncol 22 (2004) 1797-1806
9. In: Greene F.L., Page D.L., Fleming I.D., et al. (Eds). AJCC cancer staging handbook. 6th ed. (2002), Springer, New York, NY
10. Wolpin B.M., Meyerhardt J.A., Mamon H.J., et al. Adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 57 3 (2007) 168-185
11. Weitz J., Koch M., Debus J., et al. Colorectal cancer. Lancet 365 (2005) 153-165
12. van't Veer L.J., Dai H., van de Vijver M.J., et al. Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer. Nature 415 (2002) 530-536
13. Benson III A.B. New approaches to the adjuvant therapy of colon cancer. Oncologist 11 9 (2006) 973-980
14. Ludwig J.A., and Weinstein J.N. Biomarkers in cancer staging, prognosis and treatment selection. Nat Rev Cancer 5 11 (2005) 845-856
15. Koch M., Kienle P., Kastrati D., et al. Prognostic impact of hematogenous tumour cell dissemination in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 118 12 (2006) 3072-3077
16. Takaku K., Oshima M., Miyoshi H., et al. Intestinal tumourigenesis in compound mutant mice of both Dpc4 (Smad4) and Apc genes. Cell 92 5 (1998) 645-656
17. Popat S., and Houlston R.S. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between chromosome 18q genotype, DCC status and colorectal cancer prognosis. Eur J Cancer 41 14 (2005) 2060-2070
18. Popat S., Zhao D., Chen Z., et al. Relationship between chromosome 18q status and colorectal cancer prognosis: a prospective, blinded analysis of 280 patients. Anticancer Res 27 1B (2007) 627-633
19. Alazzouzi H., Alhopuro P., Salovaara R., et al. SMAD4 as a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 11 7 (2005) 2606-2611
20. Peltomaki P. Role of DNA mismatch repair defects in the pathogenesis of human cancer. J Clin Oncol 21 (2003) 1174-1179
21. Lynch H.T., Smyrk T.C., Watson P., et al. Genetics, natural history, tumour spectrum, and pathology of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer: An updated review. Gastroenterology 104 (1993) 1535-1549
22. Popat S., Hubner R., and Houlston R.S. Systematic review of microsatellite instability and colorectal cancer prognosis. J Clin Oncol 23 3 (2005) 609-618
23. Watanabe T., Wu T.T., Catalano P.J., et al. Molecular predictors of survival after adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 344 (2001) 1196-1206
24. O'dwyer P.J., Eckhardt S.G., Haller D.G., et al. Priorities in colorectal cancer research: recommendations from the Gastrointestinal Scientific Leadership Council of the Coalition of Cancer Cooperative Groups. J Clin Oncol 25 16 (2007) 2313-2321
25. Bertucci F., Salas S., Eysteries S., et al. Gene expression profiling of colon cancer by DNA microarrays and correlation with histoclinical parameters. Oncogene 23 (2004) 1377-1391
26. Wang Y., Jatkoe T., Zhang Y., et al. Gene expression profiles and molecular markers to predict recurrence of Dukes' B colon cancer. Ann Surg 22 (2004) 1564-1571
27. Barrier A., Boelle P.-Y., Roser F., et al. Stage II colon cancer prognosis prediction by tumour gene expression profiling. J Clin Oncol 24 29 (2006) 4685-4691
28. Eschrich S., Yang I., Bloom G., et al. Molecular staging for survival prediction of colorectal cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 23 25 (2005) 3526-3535
29. Koehler A., Bataille F., Schmid C., et al. Gene expression profiling of colorectal cancer and metastases divides tumours according to their clinicopathological stage. J Pathol 204 (2004) 65-74
30. D'Arrigo A., Belluco C., Ambrosi A., et al. Metastatic transcriptional pattern revealed by gene expression profiling in primary colorectal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 115 2 (2005) 256-262
31. Cardoso J., Boer J., Morreau H., et al. Expression and genomic profiling of colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta 1775 1 (2007) 103-137
32. Johnston P.G., Fisher E.R., Rockette H.E., et al. The role of thymidylate synthase expression in prognosis and outcome of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 12 (1994) 2640-2647
33. Edler D., Kressner U., Ragnhammar P., et al. Immunohistochemically detected thymidylate synthase in colorectal cancer: An independent prognostic factor of survival. Clin Cancer Res 6 (2000) 488-492
34. Santi D.V., McHenry C.S., and Sommer H. Mechanism of interaction of thymidylate synthetase with 5-fluorodeoxyuridylate. Biochemistry 13 (1974) 471-481
35. Parker W.B., and Cheng Y.C. Metabolism and mechanism of action of 5-fluorouracil. Pharmacol Ther 48 (1990) 381-395
36. Marsh S., McKay J.A., Cassidy J., et al. Polymorphism in the thymidylate synthase promoter enhancer region in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 19 (2001) 383-386
37. Allen W.L., and Johnston P.G. Role of genomic markers in colorectal cancer treatment. J Clin Oncol 23 20 (2005) 4545-4552
38. Marsh S., and McLeod H.L. Thymidylate synthase pharmacogenetics in colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 1 (2001) 1751-1781
39. Kawakami K., Omura K., Kanehira E., et al. Polymorphic tandem repeats in the thymidylate synthase gene is associated with its protein expression in human gastrointestinal cancers. Anticancer Res 19 (1999) 3249-3252
40. Metzger R., Danenberg K., Leichman C.G., et al. High basal level gene expression of thymidine phosphorylase in colorectal tumours is associated with nonresponse to 5-fluorouracil. Clin Cancer Res 4 (1998) 2371-2376
41. Takebayashi Y., Miyadera K., Akiyama S., et al. Expression of thymidine phophorylase in human gastric carcinoma. Jpn J Cancer Res 87 (1996) 288-295
42. Tsuji T., Sawai T., Takeshita H., et al. Tumour dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression is a useful marker in adjuvant therapy with oral fluoropyrimidines after curative resection of colorectal cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 54 (2004) 531-536
43. Tsuji T., Sawai T., Takeshita H., et al. Tumour dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in stage II and III colorectal cancer: Low level expression is a beneficial marker in oral-adjuvant chemotherapy, but is also a predictor for poor prognosis in patients treated with curative surgery alone. Cancer Lett 204 (2004) 97-104
44. Tang R., Wang J.Y., Fan C.W., et al. p53 is an independent pre-treatment markers for long-term survival in stage II and III colorectal cancers: An analysis of interaction between genetic markers and fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy. Cancer Lett 210 (2004) 101-109
45. Ahnen D.J., Feigl P., Quan G., et al. Ki-ras mutation and p53 overexpression predict the clinical behaviour of colorectal cancer: A South-west Oncology Group study. Cancer Res 58 (1998) 1149-1158
46. Shirota Y., Stoehlmacher J., Brabender J., et al. ERCC1 and thymidylate synthase mRNA levels predict survival for colorectal cancer patients receiving combination oxaliplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 19 (2001) 4298-4304
47. Park D.J., Stoehlmachter J., Zhang W., et al. A Xeroderma pigmentosum group D gene polymorphism predicts clinical outcome to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 61 (2001) 8654-8658
48. Jansen W.J., Zwart B., Hulscher S.T., et al. CPT-11 in human colon-cancer cell lines and xenografts: Characterization of cellular sensitivity determinants. Int J Cancer 70 (1997) 335-340
49. Rodrigues N.R., Rowan A., Smith M.E., et al. p53 mutations in colorectal cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 (1990) 7555-7559
50. Buglioni S., D'Agnano I., Vasselli S., et al. p53 nuclear accumulation and multiploidy are adverse prognostic factors in surgically resected stage II colorectal cancers independent of fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy. Am J Clin Pathol 116 (2001) 360-368
51. Allegra C.J., Paik S., Colangelo L.H., et al. Prognostic value of thymidylate synthase, Ki-67, and p53 in patients with Dukes' B and C colon cancer: A National Cancer Institute-National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project collaborative study. J Clin Oncol 21 (2003) 41-250
52. Finlay C.A., Hinds P.W., Tan T.H., et al. Activating mutations for transformation by p53 produce a gene product that forms an hsc70-p53 complex with an altered halflife. Mol Cell Biol 8 (1988) 531-539
53. Del Rio M., Molina F., Bascoul-Mollevi C., et al. Gene expression signature in advanced colorectal cancer patients select drugs and response for the use of leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan. J Clin Oncol 25 7 (2007) 773-780
54. Ellis L.M. Mechanisms of action of bevacizumab as a component of therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Semin Oncol 33 5 Suppl. 10 (2006) S1-S7
55. Zhang W., Gordon M., and Lenz H.J. Novel approaches to treatment of advanced colorectal cancer with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies. Ann Med 38 8 (2006) 545-551
56. Jain R.K., Duda D.G., Clark J.W., et al. Lessons from phase III clinical trials on anti-VEGF therapy for cancer. Nat Clin Pract Oncol 3 1 (2006) 24-40
57. Shaked Y., Bocci G., Munoz R., et al. Cellular and molecular surrogate markers to monitor targeted and non-targeted antiangiogenic drug activity and determine optimal biologic dose. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 5 7 (2005) 551-559
58. Ince W.L., Jubb A.M., Holden S.N., et al. Association of KRAS, BRAF, and p53 status with the treatment effect of bevacizumab. J Natl Cancer Inst 97 (2005) 981-989
59. Willett C.G., Boucher Y., di Tomaso E., et al. Direct evidence that the VEGF-specific antibody bevacizumab has antivascular effects in human rectal cancer. Nat Med 10 (2004) 145-147
60. Saltz L. Epidermal growth factor receptor-negative colorectal cancer: is there truly such an entity?. Clin Colorectal Cancer 5 Suppl 2 (2005) S98-S100
61. Moroni M., Veronese S., Benvenuti S., et al. Gene copy number for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and clinical response to antiEGFR treatment in colorectal cancer: a cohort study. Lancet Oncol 6 5 (2005) 279-286
62. Amador M.L., Oppenheimer D., Perea S., et al. An epidermal growth factor receptor intron 1 p olymorphism mediates response to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Cancer Res 64 24 (2004) 9139-9143
63. Lievre A., Bachet J.B., Le Corre D., et al. KRAS mutation status is predictive of response to cetuximab therapy in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 66 8 (2006) 3992-3995
64. Benvenuti S., Sartore-Bianchi A., Di Nicolantonio F., et al. Oncogenic activation of the RAS/RAF signalling pathway impairs the response of metastatic colorectal cancers to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody therapies. Cancer Res 67 6 (2007) 2643-2648
65. Innocenti F., and Ratain M.J. Pharmacogenetics of irinotecan: clinical perspectives on the utility of genotyping. Pharmacogenomics 7 8 (2006) 1211-1221
66. Lenz H.J. Pharmacogenomics and colorectal cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 587 (2006) 211-231
67. Sandusky G.E., Teheny K.H., Esterman M., et al. Quality control of human tissues-experience from the Indiana University Cancer Center-Lilly Research Labs human tissue bank. Cell Tissue Bank (2007; Mar 27)
68. Hoeyer K., Olofsson B.O., Mjorndal T., and Lynoe N. The ethics of research using biobanks: reason to question the importance attributed to informed consent. Arch Intern Med 165 1 (2005) 97-100
69. Kitano H. A robustness-based approach to systems-oriented drug design. Nat Rev Drug Discov 6 3 (2007) 202-210
70. Bublil E.M., and Yarden Y. The EGF receptor family: spearheading a merger of signalling and therapeutics. Curr Opin Cell Biol 19 2 (2007) 124-134
71. Quackenbush J. Extracting biology from high-dimensional biological data. J Exp Biol 210 (2007) 1507-1517
72. Roth A.D., Tejpar S., Yan P., et al. Tissue biomarkers (BIOM) in colon cancer (COC): The translational study on the randomized phase III trial comparing infused irinotecan/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/folinic acid (FA) to 5-FU/FA in stage II-III COC patients (pts). J Clin Oncol 25 18 (2007) 169(s) 4022 [abstract]