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1
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0030934853
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American Col lege of Sports Medicine position stand. The Female Athlete Triad
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Otis CL, Drinkwater B, Johnson M, et al.: American Col lege of Sports Medicine position stand. The Female Athlete Triad. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997, 29:i-ix.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc
, vol.29
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Otis, C.L.1
Drinkwater, B.2
Johnson, M.3
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2
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34848884883
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American College of Sports Medicine revised position stand on the Female Athlete Triad
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This will be the most up-to-date review of current evidence-based studies in this area
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Nattiv A, Loucks AB, Manore MM, et al.: American College of Sports Medicine revised position stand on the Female Athlete Triad. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007, 39:1867-1882. This will be the most up-to-date review of current evidence-based studies in this area.
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(2007)
Med Sci Sports Exerc
, vol.39
, pp. 1867-1882
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Nattiv, A.1
Loucks, A.B.2
Manore, M.M.3
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5
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0004235298
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American Psychiatric Association:, edn 4. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;
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American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, edn 4. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
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(1994)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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6
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0031884655
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Low energy availability, not stress of exercise, alters LH pulsatility in exercising women
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Loucks AB, Verdun M, Heath EM: Low energy availability, not stress of exercise, alters LH pulsatility in exercising women. J Appl Physiol 1998, 84:37-46.
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J Appl Physiol
, vol.84
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Loucks, A.B.1
Verdun, M.2
Heath, E.M.3
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7
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25444492895
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Menstrual disorders in athletes
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Good overall review of this topic
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Redman LM, Loucks AB: Menstrual disorders in athletes. Sports Med 2005, 35:747-755. Good overall review of this topic.
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(2005)
Sports Med
, vol.35
, pp. 747-755
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Redman, L.M.1
Loucks, A.B.2
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8
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4544265601
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Physiological aspects and clinical sequelae of energy deficiency and hypoestrogenism in exercising women
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De Souza MJ, Williams NI: Physiological aspects and clinical sequelae of energy deficiency and hypoestrogenism in exercising women. Hum Reprod Update 2004, 10:433-448.
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Hum Reprod Update
, vol.10
, pp. 433-448
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De Souza, M.J.1
Williams, N.I.2
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10
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1242306698
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Diagnosis of osteoporosis in men, premenopausal women and children
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International Society for Clinical Densitometry Position Development Conference:, This statement forms the basis of the new description and diagnosis of altered bone mineral density in female athletes
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International Society for Clinical Densitometry Position Development Conference: Diagnosis of osteoporosis in men, premenopausal women and children. J Clin Densitom 2004, 7:17-26. This statement forms the basis of the new description and diagnosis of altered bone mineral density in female athletes.
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J Clin Densitom
, vol.7
, pp. 17-26
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14
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33846272343
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Refutation of the myth of the female athlete triad
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Excellent summary of the scientific evidence and thinking to date about the pathophysiology of the Female Athlete Triad
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Loucks AB: Refutation of "the myth of the female athlete triad." Br J Sports Med 2007, 41:55-57. Excellent summary of the scientific evidence and thinking to date about the pathophysiology of the Female Athlete Triad.
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(2007)
Br J Sports Med
, vol.41
, pp. 55-57
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Loucks, A.B.1
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15
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33846299913
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Correction of misinterpretations and misrepresentations of the female athlete triad
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De Souza MJ, Alleyne J, Vescovi JD et al.: Correction of misinterpretations and misrepresentations of the female athlete triad. Br J Sports Med 2007, 41:58-59.
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(2007)
Br J Sports Med
, vol.41
, pp. 58-59
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De Souza, M.J.1
Alleyne, J.2
Vescovi, J.D.3
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16
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33846201735
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Female athlete triad update
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Excellent review of the history of the triad, and update on the most recent data on prevalence and etiology. Studies on energy availability, menstrual dysfunction and bone health are critically reviewed
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Beals KA, Meyer NL: Female athlete triad update. Clin Sports Med 2007, 26:69-89. Excellent review of the history of the triad, and update on the most recent data on prevalence and etiology. Studies on energy availability, menstrual dysfunction and bone health are critically reviewed.
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(2007)
Clin Sports Med
, vol.26
, pp. 69-89
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Beals, K.A.1
Meyer, N.L.2
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17
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0036768172
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Disorders of the female athlete triad among collegiate athletes
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Beals KA, Manore MM: Disorders of the female athlete triad among collegiate athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2002, 12:281-293.
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(2002)
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
, vol.12
, pp. 281-293
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Beals, K.A.1
Manore, M.M.2
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18
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32244438363
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Prevalence of the Female Athlete Triad Syndrome among high school athletes
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Nichols JF, Rauh MJ, Lawson ME, et al.: Prevalence of the Female Athlete Triad Syndrome among high school athletes. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006, 160:137-142.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
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Nichols, J.F.1
Rauh, M.J.2
Lawson, M.E.3
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19
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25444529762
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The female athlete triad exists in both elite athletes and controls
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This group of authors have done a number of excellent studies with rigorous methodology, in using the entire population of elite Norwegian athletes
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Torstveit MK, Sundgot-Borgen J: The female athlete triad exists in both elite athletes and controls. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005, 37:1449-1459. This group of authors have done a number of excellent studies with rigorous methodology, in using the entire population of elite Norwegian athletes.
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(2005)
Med Sci Sports Exerc
, vol.37
, pp. 1449-1459
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Torstveit, M.K.1
Sundgot-Borgen, J.2
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20
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34247200463
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Prevalence of Female Athlete Triad characteristics in a club triathlon team
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Hoch AZ, Stavrakos JE, Schimke JA: Prevalence of Female Athlete Triad characteristics in a club triathlon team. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007, 88:681-682.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil
, vol.88
, pp. 681-682
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Hoch, A.Z.1
Stavrakos, J.E.2
Schimke, J.A.3
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21
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0034074440
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Female athletes and eating problems: A meta-analysis
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Smolak L, Murnen Sk, Ruble AE: Female athletes and eating problems: a meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 2000, 27:371-380.
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Int J Eat Disord
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, pp. 371-380
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Smolak, L.1
Murnen, S.2
Ruble, A.E.3
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22
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0037243601
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Luteinizing hormone pulsatility is disrupted at a threshold of energy availability in regularly menstruating women
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Loucks AB, Thuma JR: Luteinizing hormone pulsatility is disrupted at a threshold of energy availability in regularly menstruating women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88:297-311.
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(2003)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.88
, pp. 297-311
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Loucks, A.B.1
Thuma, J.R.2
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23
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0033923409
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Plasma leptin in female athletes: Relationship with body fat, reproductive, nutritional and endocrine factors
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Thong FS, McLean C, Graham TE: Plasma leptin in female athletes: relationship with body fat, reproductive, nutritional and endocrine factors. J Appl Physiol 2000, 88:2037-2044.
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(2000)
J Appl Physiol
, vol.88
, pp. 2037-2044
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Thong, F.S.1
McLean, C.2
Graham, T.E.3
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24
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3242688588
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Fasting ghrelin levels in physically active women: Relationship with menstrual disturbances and metabolic hormones
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This well-designed study explores the roles of ghrelin and leptin in regulation of energy homeostasis in exercising women across a range in menstrual status
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De Souza MJ, Leidy HJ, O'Donnell E et al.: Fasting ghrelin levels in physically active women: relationship with menstrual disturbances and metabolic hormones. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89:3536-3542. This well-designed study explores the roles of ghrelin and leptin in regulation of energy homeostasis in exercising women across a range in menstrual status.
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(2004)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.89
, pp. 3536-3542
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De Souza, M.J.1
Leidy, H.J.2
O'Donnell, E.3
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25
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33751197284
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Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is associated with elevated ghrelin and disordered eating
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Schneider LF, Warren MP: Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is associated with elevated ghrelin and disordered eating. Fertil Steril 2006, 86:1744-1749.
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Fertil Steril
, vol.86
, pp. 1744-1749
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Schneider, L.F.1
Warren, M.P.2
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26
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33750002551
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Current evaluation of amenorrhea
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Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine
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Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine: Current evaluation of amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2006, 86(Suppl):S148-S155.
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(2006)
Fertil Steril
, vol.86
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27
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0037242040
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Luteal phase deficiency in recreational runners: Evidence for a hypometabolic state
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De Souza MJ, Van Heest J, Demers M, Lasley BL: Luteal phase deficiency in recreational runners: evidence for a hypometabolic state. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88:337-346.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.88
, pp. 337-346
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De Souza, M.J.1
Van Heest, J.2
Demers, M.3
Lasley, B.L.4
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28
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1442303350
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Diurnal profiles of testosterone and pituitary hormones suggest different mechanism for menstrual disturbances in endurance athletes
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Rickenlund A, Thorén M, Carlström K, et al.: Diurnal profiles of testosterone and pituitary hormones suggest different mechanism for menstrual disturbances in endurance athletes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89:702-707.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.89
, pp. 702-707
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Rickenlund, A.1
Thorén, M.2
Carlström, K.3
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29
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0035187338
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Evidence for a causal role of low energy availability in the induction of menstrual cycle disturbances during strenuous exercise training
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Williams NI, Helmreich DL, Parfitt DB et al.: Evidence for a causal role of low energy availability in the induction of menstrual cycle disturbances during strenuous exercise training. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86:5184-5193.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.86
, pp. 5184-5193
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Williams, N.I.1
Helmreich, D.L.2
Parfitt, D.B.3
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30
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0029931841
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Treatment of athletic amenorrhea with a diet and training-intervention program
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Dueck CA, Matt KS, Manore MM: Treatment of athletic amenorrhea with a diet and training-intervention program. Int J Sport Nutr 1996, 6:24-40.
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(1996)
Int J Sport Nutr
, vol.6
, pp. 24-40
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Dueck, C.A.1
Matt, K.S.2
Manore, M.M.3
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31
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0029934180
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The role of energy balance in athletic menstrual dysfunction
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Dueck CA, Manore MM, Matt KS: The role of energy balance in athletic menstrual dysfunction. Int J Sport Nutr 1996, 6:165-190.
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(1996)
Int J Sport Nutr
, vol.6
, pp. 165-190
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Dueck, C.A.1
Manore, M.M.2
Matt, K.S.3
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32
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0031814857
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Relation between bone turnover, oestradiol, and energy balance in women distance runners
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Zanker CL, Swaine LL: Relation between bone turnover, oestradiol, and energy balance in women distance runners. Br J Sports Med 1998, 32:167-171.
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(1998)
Br J Sports Med
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Zanker, C.L.1
Swaine, L.L.2
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33
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16644384796
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Uhe R, Loucks AB: Dose- response relationships between energy availability and bone turnover in young exercising women. J Bone Miner Res 2004, 19:1231-1240. This study assessed markers of bone turnover in 29 young women after manipulating energy availability. Bone formation was impaired by less severe energy restrictions than those that caused decreased estradiol and increased bone resorption.
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Uhe R, Loucks AB: Dose- response relationships between energy availability and bone turnover in young exercising women. J Bone Miner Res 2004, 19:1231-1240. This study assessed markers of bone turnover in 29 young women after manipulating energy availability. Bone formation was impaired by less severe energy restrictions than those that caused decreased estradiol and increased bone resorption.
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34
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36749085541
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Disordered eating
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Edited by Ireland ML, Nattiv A, eds. Philadelphia: Saunders;
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Sundgot-Borgen J: Disordered eating. In The Female Athlete Edited by Ireland ML, Nattiv A, eds. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2002:242-243.
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The Female Athlete
, pp. 242-243
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Sundgot-Borgen, J.1
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35
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Risk and trigger factors for the development of eating disorders in female athletes
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Sundgot-Borgen J: Risk and trigger factors for the development of eating disorders in female athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994, 4:414-419.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc
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36
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34648880287
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Position of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition intervention in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders
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American Dietetic Association:, Nutritional complications of the eating disorders and the role of the registered dietician in the multidisciplinary treatment team are explored
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American Dietetic Association: Position of the American Dietetic Association: nutrition intervention in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders. J Am Diet Assoc 2006, 106:2073-2082. Nutritional complications of the eating disorders and the role of the registered dietician in the multidisciplinary treatment team are explored.
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J Am Diet Assoc
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37
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0036450578
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Dietary recommendations and athletic menstrual dysfunction
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Manore MM: Dietary recommendations and athletic menstrual dysfunction. Sports Med 2002, 32:887-901.
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Sports Med
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How useful are pharmacological treatments in eating disorders?
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Casper RC: How useful are pharmacological treatments in eating disorders? Psychopharmacol Bull 2002, 36:88-104.
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Psychopharmacol Bull
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33646004326
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Master-Hunter T, Heiman DL: Amenorrhea: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician 2006, 73:1374-1382, 1387. Good review of other causes of primary and secondary amenorrhea, including differential diagnosis and algorithms for investigation and management.
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Master-Hunter T, Heiman DL: Amenorrhea: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician 2006, 73:1374-1382, 1387. Good review of other causes of primary and secondary amenorrhea, including differential diagnosis and algorithms for investigation and management.
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40
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0037372104
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Is there an association between athletic amenorrhea and endothelial cell dysfunction?
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Zeni Hoch A, Dempsey RL, Carrera GF, et al.: Is there an association between athletic amenorrhea and endothelial cell dysfunction? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003, 35:377-383.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc
, vol.35
, pp. 377-383
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Zeni Hoch, A.1
Dempsey, R.L.2
Carrera, G.F.3
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41
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15944404289
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Amenorrhea in female athletes is associated with endothelial dysfunction and unfavorable lipid profile
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Rickenlund A, Eriksson MJ, Schench-Gustafsson K, Hirschberg A: Amenorrhea in female athletes is associated with endothelial dysfunction and unfavorable lipid profile. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005, 90:1354-1359.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.90
, pp. 1354-1359
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Rickenlund, A.1
Eriksson, M.J.2
Schench-Gustafsson, K.3
Hirschberg, A.4
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42
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21244480593
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Oral contraceptives improve endothelial function in amenorrheic athletes
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Rickenlund A, Eriksson MJ, Schenck-Gustafsson K, Hirschberg AL: Oral contraceptives improve endothelial function in amenorrheic athletes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005, 90:3162-3167.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.90
, pp. 3162-3167
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Rickenlund, A.1
Eriksson, M.J.2
Schenck-Gustafsson, K.3
Hirschberg, A.L.4
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43
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Bone biomarkers as tools in osteoporosis management
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Eyre DR: Bone biomarkers as tools in osteoporosis management. Spine 1997, 22(Suppl):17S-24S.
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Spine
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Treatment of low bone mass in premenopausal women: When may it be appropriate?
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Leib ES: Treatment of low bone mass in premenopausal women: when may it be appropriate? Curr Osteoporos Rep 2005, 3:13-18.
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Curr Osteoporos Rep
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Leib, E.S.1
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45
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29744465108
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Effect of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density in premenopausal and perimenopausal women: A systematic review
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This is an extensive critical review of studies in this important topic
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Liu SL, Lebrun CM: Effect of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density in premenopausal and perimenopausal women: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2006, 40:11-24. This is an extensive critical review of studies in this important topic.
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Br J Sports Med
, vol.40
, pp. 11-24
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Liu, S.L.1
Lebrun, C.M.2
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Hergenroeder AC: Bone mineralization, hypothalamic amenorrhea, and sex steroid therapy in female adolescents and young adults. J Pediatr 1995, 5(Part 1):683-689.
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Preparticipation physical examination: Selected issues for the female athlete
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This article covers the salient potential problems that need to be screened for in the female athlete
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Rumball JS, Lebrun CM: Preparticipation physical examination: selected issues for the female athlete. Clin J Sport Med 2004, 14:153-160. This article covers the salient potential problems that need to be screened for in the female athlete.
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Clin J Sport Med
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Rumball, J.S.1
Lebrun, C.M.2
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American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine, American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine: Preparticipation Physical Evaluation, edn 3. Minneapolis: McGraw-Hill; 2004.
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Preparticipation Physical Evaluation
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Identifying college athletes at risk for pathogenic eating
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DePalma MT, Koszewski WM, Romani W, et al.: Identifying college athletes at risk for pathogenic eating. Br J Sports Med 2002, 36:45-50.
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Br J Sports Med
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Black DR, Larkin LJS, Coster DC, et al.: Physiological screening test for eating disorders/disordered eating among female collegiate athletes. J Athl Train 2003, 38:285-297.
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J Athl Train
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Black, D.R.1
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