Light scattering by selected zooplankton from the Gulf of Aqaba

Journal of Experimental Biology

Volumn 210, Issue 21, 2007, Pages 3728-3735

  Gagnon, Y L ^a   Shashar, N ^a   Warrant, E J ^a   Johnsen, S J ^a  

^a Cell and Organism Biology   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Backscattering; Model; Sighting distance; Transmittance

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; CYTOLOGY; ISRAEL; LIGHT; PHYSIOLOGY; RADIATION SCATTERING; SEA; ZOOPLANKTON;

ANIMALS; ISRAEL; LIGHT; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; OCEANS AND SEAS; SCATTERING, RADIATION; ZOOPLANKTON;

ANCHYLOMERA BLOSSEVILLEI; ANIMALIA; ARTEMIA; COPEPODA; DECAPODA (CRUSTACEA); EUPHAUSIA DIOMEDEAE; EUPHAUSIIDAE; GAMMARIDEA; GNATHIA; HYPERIIDAE; RHINCALANUS; SAGITTA ELEGANS; SAPPHIRINA;

EID: 36749043604     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.003251     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Aksnes, D. L., Miller, C. B., Ohman, M. D. and Wood, S. N. (1997). Estimation techniques used in studies of copepod population dynamics - a review of underlying assumptions. Sarsia 82, 279-296.
2. Anthony, P. D. (1981). Visual contrast thresholds in the cod Gadus morhua. J. Fish Biol. 19, 87-104.
3. Anthony, P. D. and Hawkins, A. D. (1983). Spectral sensitivity of the cod Gadus morhua. Mar. Behav. Physiol. 10, 145-166.
4. Bowmaker, J. K. and Kunz, Y. W. (1987). Uv receptors tetrachromatic color vision and retinal mosaics in the brown trout Salmo trutta age-dependent changes. Vis. Res. 27, 2101-2108.
5. Box, G. E. P. and Cox, D. R. (1964). An analysis of transformations. J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B 26, 211-252.
6. Hrowman, H. I., Novales-Flamarique, I. and Hawryshyn, C. W. (1994). Ultraviolet photoreception contributes to prey search behaviour in two species of zooplanktivorous fishes. J. Exp. Biol. 186, 187-198.
7. Chapman, G. (1976). Transparency in organisms. Experientia 32, 123-125.
8. Cochran, W. G. and Bliss, C. I. (1970). Analysis of variance. In Statistics in Endocrinology (ed. J. W. Mcarthur and T. Colton), pp. 33-78. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
9. Cott, H. B. (1940). Adaptive Colouration in Animals. London: Meuthen.
10. Denton, E. J. (1970). On the organization of reflecting surfaces in some marine animals. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Umd. B Biol. Sci. 258, 286-313.
11. Denton, E. J. and Locket, N. A. (1989). Possible wavelength discrimination by multibank retinae in deep-sea fishes. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 69, 409-436.
12. Denton, E. J., Gilpin-Brown, J. B. and Wright, P. G. (1972). The angular distribution of the light produced by some meso pelagic fish in relation to their camouflage. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 182, 145-158.
13. Ditchburn, R. W. (1963). Light. London: Blackie & Sons.
14. Douglas, R. H. and Hawryshyn, C. W. (1990). Behavioral studies of fish vision: an analysis of visual capabilities. In The Visual System of Fish (ed. R. H. Douglas), pp. 373-418.
15. Douglas, R. H. and Thorpe, A. (1992). Short-wave absorbing pigments in the ocular lenses of deep-sea teleosts. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 72, 93-112.
16. Endler, J. A. (1978). A predators view of animal color patterns. Evol. Biol. 11, 319-364.
17. Endler, J. A. (1990). On the measurement and classification of color in studies of animal color patterns. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. 41, 315-352.
18. Endler, J. A. (1991). Variation in the appearance of guppy color patterns to guppies and their predators under different visual conditions. Vis. Res. 31, 587-608.
19. Farrell, R. A., McCally, R. L. and Tatham, P. E. R. (1973). Wave-length dependencies of light scattering in normal and cold swollen rabbit corneas and their structural implications. J. Physiol. 233, 589-612.
20. Ferguson, G. P. and Messenger, J. B. (1991). A countershading reflex in cephalopods. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 243, 63-68.
21. Fuiman, L. A. and Magurran, A. E. (1994). Development of predator defences in fishes. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 4, 145-183.
22. Hamner, W. M. (1996). Predation, cover, and convergent evolution in epipelagic oceans. In Zooplankton: Sensory Ecology and Physiology (ed. P. H. Lenz, D. K. Hartline, J. E. Purcell and D. L. Macmillan), pp. 17-37. Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach.
23. Herring, P. J. and Roe, H. S. J. (1988). The photoecology of pelagic oceanic decapods. Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond. 59, 263-290.
24. Hester, F. J. (1968). Visual contrast thresholds of goldfish (Carassius Auratus). Vis. Res. 8, 1315-1335.
25. Jerlov, N. G. (1976). Marine Optics. New York: Elsevier.
26. Johnsen, S. (2002). Cryptic and conspicuous coloration in the pelagic environment. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. B 269, 243-256.
27. Johnsen, S. (2003). Lifting the cloak of invisibility: the effects of changing optical conditions on pelagic crypsis. Integr. Comp. Biol. 43, 580-590.
28. Johnsen, S. and Sosik, H. M. (2003). Cryptic coloration and mirrored sides as camouflage strategies in near-surface pelagic habitats: implications for foraging and predator avoidance. Limnol. Oceanogr. 48, 1277-1288.
29. Johnsen, S. and Widder, E. A. (1998). Transparency and visibility of gelatinous zooplankton from the Northwestern Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. Biol. Bull. 195, 337-348.
30. Johnsen, S. and Widder, E. A. (1999). The physical basis of transparency in biological tissue: ultrastructure and the minimization of light scattering. J. Theor. Biol. 199, 181-198.
31. Johnsen, S. and Widder, E. A. (2001). Ultraviolet absorption in transparent zooplankton and its implications for depth distribution and visual predation. Mar. Biol. 138, 717-730.
32. Kiltie, R. A. (1988). Countershading universally deceptive or deceptively universal? Trends Ecol. Evol. 3, 21-23.
33. Kirk, J. T. O. (1986). Light and photosynthesis in aquatic ecosystems. In Light and Photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosystems. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press.
34. Kitchen, J. C. and Zaneveld, J. R. V. (1992). A three-layered sphere model of the optical properties of phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. 37, 1680-1690.
35. Loew, E. R., McFarland, W. N., Mills, E. L. and Hunter, D. (1993). A chromatic action spectrum for planktonic predation by juvenile yellow perch, Perca flavescens. Can. J. Zool. 71, 384-386.
36. Lythgoe, J. N. (1984). Visual pigments and environmental light. Vis. Res. 24, 1539-1550.
37. Marshall, N. J., Kent, J. and Cronin, T. W. (1999). Visual adaptations in crustaceans: spectral sensitivity in diverse habitats. In Adaptive Mechanisms in the Ecology of Vision (ed. S. N. Archer, E. R. L. Djamgoz, J. C. Partridge and S. Vallerga), pp. 285-328. London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
38. McAllister, D. E. (1967). The significance of ventral bio luminescence in fishes. Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 1967, 5-6.
39. McFall-Ngai, M. J. (1990). Crypsis in the pelagic environment. Am. Zool. 30, 175-188.
40. Mertens, L. E. (1970). In-Water Photography: Theory and Practice. New York: John Wiley.
41. Mobley, C. D. (1995). The optical properties of water. In Handbook of Optics. Vol. 1 (ed. E. W. Van Stryland, M. Bass, D. R. Williams and W. L. Wolfe), pp. 43.41-43.56. New York: McGraw-Hill.
42. Muntz, W. R. A. (1976). On yellow lenses in meso pelagic animals. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 56, 963-976.
43. Muntz, W. R. A. (1990). Stimulus, environment and vision in fishes. In The Visual System of Fish (ed. R. H. Douglas and M. B. A. Djamgoz), pp. 491-511. New York: Chapman & Hall.
44. Sabbah, S. and Shashar, N. (2006). Polarization contrast of Zooplankton: a model for polarization-based sighting distance. Vis. Res. 46, 444-456.
45. Seapy, R. R. and Young, R. E. (1986). Concealment in epipelagic pterotracheid heteropods (Gastropoda) and cranchiid squids (Cephalopoda). J. Zool. Lond. A 210, 137-148.
46. Siriraksophon, S. and Morinaga, T. (1996). Effect of background brightness on the visual contrast threshold of the Japanese common squid. Fish. Sci. 62, 534-537.
47. Waterman, T. H. (1981). Polarization sensitivity. In Handbook of Sensory Physiology. Vol. 7/6B (ed. H. Autrum), pp. 281-469. New York: Springer.
48. Winer, B. J. (1971). Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. New York: McGraw-Hill.