메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 1-2, 2008, Pages 2-25

Closed-system behaviour of the intra-crystalline fraction of amino acids in mollusc shells

Author keywords

Dating; Intra crystalline protein degradation; Quaternary; Racemization

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; BIVALVE; BLEACHING; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); CRYSTALLINITY; ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT; FOSSIL RECORD; GEOCHRONOLOGY; SHELL; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

EID: 36749002681     PISSN: 18711014     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2007.07.001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (172)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0008176863 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of amino acids with natural and artificial humus and kerogens
    • Abelson P.H., and Hare P.E. Reactions of amino acids with natural and artificial humus and kerogens. Carnegie Institute of Washington Year Book 69 (1971) 327-334
    • (1971) Carnegie Institute of Washington Year Book , vol.69 , pp. 327-334
    • Abelson, P.H.1    Hare, P.E.2
  • 2
    • 0001021294 scopus 로고
    • An improved pretreatment for mineralogical analysis of samples containing organic matter
    • Anderson J.U. An improved pretreatment for mineralogical analysis of samples containing organic matter. Clays and Clay Minerals 10 (1963) 380-388
    • (1963) Clays and Clay Minerals , vol.10 , pp. 380-388
    • Anderson, J.U.1
  • 3
    • 0001385074 scopus 로고
    • Biological-control of crystal texture-a widespread strategy for adapting crystal properties to function
    • Berman A., Hanson J., Leiserowitz L., Koetzle T.F., Weiner S., and Addadi L. Biological-control of crystal texture-a widespread strategy for adapting crystal properties to function. Science 259 (1993) 776-779
    • (1993) Science , vol.259 , pp. 776-779
    • Berman, A.1    Hanson, J.2    Leiserowitz, L.3    Koetzle, T.F.4    Weiner, S.5    Addadi, L.6
  • 4
    • 36749054338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bourrat, X., Rousseau, M., Lopez, E., Couté, A., Mascarel, G., Smith, D.C., Stempflé, P., 2005. Nano-composite structure of nacre biocrystal. BioMin 2005, Ninth International Symposium on Biomineralization, 6-9 December 2005 Pucón, Chile.
  • 5
    • 0024838694 scopus 로고
    • Land-sea correlations in the Pleistocene based on isoleucine epimerization in non-marine mollusks
    • Bowen D.Q., Hughes S., Sykes G.A., and Miller G.H. Land-sea correlations in the Pleistocene based on isoleucine epimerization in non-marine mollusks. Nature 340 (1989) 49-51
    • (1989) Nature , vol.340 , pp. 49-51
    • Bowen, D.Q.1    Hughes, S.2    Sykes, G.A.3    Miller, G.H.4
  • 6
    • 0000306359 scopus 로고
    • Aminostratigraphy and amino acid geochronology of English lowland valleys: The lower thames in context
    • Bridgland D.R., Allen P., and Haggart B.A. (Eds), Field guide, Quaternary Research Association, Durham
    • Bowen D.Q., Sykes G.A., Maddy D., Bridgland D.R., and Lewis S.G. Aminostratigraphy and amino acid geochronology of English lowland valleys: The lower thames in context. In: Bridgland D.R., Allen P., and Haggart B.A. (Eds). The Quaternary of the Lower Reaches of the Thames (1995), Field guide, Quaternary Research Association, Durham 61-63
    • (1995) The Quaternary of the Lower Reaches of the Thames , pp. 61-63
    • Bowen, D.Q.1    Sykes, G.A.2    Maddy, D.3    Bridgland, D.R.4    Lewis, S.G.5
  • 7
    • 0025247461 scopus 로고
    • Dating Pleistocene archaeological sites by protein diagenesis in ostrich eggshell
    • Brooks A.S., Hare P.E., Kokis J.E., Miller G.H., Ernst R.D., and Wendorf F. Dating Pleistocene archaeological sites by protein diagenesis in ostrich eggshell. Science 248 (1990) 60-64
    • (1990) Science , vol.248 , pp. 60-64
    • Brooks, A.S.1    Hare, P.E.2    Kokis, J.E.3    Miller, G.H.4    Ernst, R.D.5    Wendorf, F.6
  • 8
    • 0004716496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amino acid racemization in biominerals, the impact of protein degradation and loss
    • Goodfriend G.A., Collins M.J., Fogel M.L., Macko S.A., and Wehmiller J.F. (Eds), Oxford University Press
    • Collins M.J., and Riley M.S. Amino acid racemization in biominerals, the impact of protein degradation and loss. In: Goodfriend G.A., Collins M.J., Fogel M.L., Macko S.A., and Wehmiller J.F. (Eds). Perspectives in Amino Acid and Protein Geochemistry (2000), Oxford University Press 120-142
    • (2000) Perspectives in Amino Acid and Protein Geochemistry , pp. 120-142
    • Collins, M.J.1    Riley, M.S.2
  • 9
    • 0026286556 scopus 로고
    • Macromolecules in brachiopod shells: Characterisation and diagenesis
    • Collins M.J., Muyzer G., Curry G.B., Sandberg P.A., and Westbroek P. Macromolecules in brachiopod shells: Characterisation and diagenesis. Lethaia 24 (1991) 387-397
    • (1991) Lethaia , vol.24 , pp. 387-397
    • Collins, M.J.1    Muyzer, G.2    Curry, G.B.3    Sandberg, P.A.4    Westbroek, P.5
  • 10
    • 0026483133 scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for condensation reactions between sugars and proteins in carbonate skeletons
    • Collins M.J., Westbroek P., Muyzer G., and deLeeuw J.W. Experimental evidence for condensation reactions between sugars and proteins in carbonate skeletons. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56 (1992) 1539-1544
    • (1992) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.56 , pp. 1539-1544
    • Collins, M.J.1    Westbroek, P.2    Muyzer, G.3    deLeeuw, J.W.4
  • 11
    • 0002053586 scopus 로고
    • The soluble matrix from Mercenaria mercenaria shell
    • Crenshaw M.A. The soluble matrix from Mercenaria mercenaria shell. Biomineralisation 6 (1972) 6-11
    • (1972) Biomineralisation , vol.6 , pp. 6-11
    • Crenshaw, M.A.1
  • 12
    • 21844460809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The environmental recording unit in coral skeletons-a synthesis of structural and chemical evidences for a biochemically driven, stepping-growth process in fibres
    • Cuif J.P., and Dauphin Y. The environmental recording unit in coral skeletons-a synthesis of structural and chemical evidences for a biochemically driven, stepping-growth process in fibres. Biogeosciences 2 (2005) 61-73
    • (2005) Biogeosciences , vol.2 , pp. 61-73
    • Cuif, J.P.1    Dauphin, Y.2
  • 13
    • 0000573349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanostructures de la nacre des tests de cephalopods actuels
    • Dauphin Y. Nanostructures de la nacre des tests de cephalopods actuels. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 75 (2001) 113-122
    • (2001) Paläontologische Zeitschrift , vol.75 , pp. 113-122
    • Dauphin, Y.1
  • 14
    • 0029473439 scopus 로고
    • Fossil intra-crystalline biomolecules of Brachiopod shells: Diagenesis and preserved geo-biological information
    • Endo K., Walton D., Reyment R.A., and Curry G.B. Fossil intra-crystalline biomolecules of Brachiopod shells: Diagenesis and preserved geo-biological information. Organic Geochemistry 23 (1995) 661-673
    • (1995) Organic Geochemistry , vol.23 , pp. 661-673
    • Endo, K.1    Walton, D.2    Reyment, R.A.3    Curry, G.B.4
  • 15
    • 0022926594 scopus 로고
    • Stable isotope evaluation of the origins of amino acids in fossils
    • Engel M.H., and Macko S.A. Stable isotope evaluation of the origins of amino acids in fossils. Nature 323 (1986) 531-533
    • (1986) Nature , vol.323 , pp. 531-533
    • Engel, M.H.1    Macko, S.A.2
  • 17
    • 0041657656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chitin-silk fibroin interactions: Relevance to calcium carbonate formation in invertebrates
    • Falini G., Weiner S., and Addadi L. Chitin-silk fibroin interactions: Relevance to calcium carbonate formation in invertebrates. Calcified Tissue International 72 (2003) 548-554
    • (2003) Calcified Tissue International , vol.72 , pp. 548-554
    • Falini, G.1    Weiner, S.2    Addadi, L.3
  • 19
    • 0005971282 scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry of proteins, peptides, and amino acids
    • Eglinton G., and Murphy M.T.J. (Eds), Springer, Berlin
    • Hare P.E. Geochemistry of proteins, peptides, and amino acids. In: Eglinton G., and Murphy M.T.J. (Eds). Organic Geochemistry (1969), Springer, Berlin 438-463
    • (1969) Organic Geochemistry , pp. 438-463
    • Hare, P.E.1
  • 20
    • 0342731526 scopus 로고
    • Effect of hydrolysis on racemization rate of amino acids
    • Hare P.E. Effect of hydrolysis on racemization rate of amino acids. Carnegie Institute Washington Yearbook 70 (1971) 801-806
    • (1971) Carnegie Institute Washington Yearbook , vol.70 , pp. 801-806
    • Hare, P.E.1
  • 22
    • 0004008656 scopus 로고
    • Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park
    • Henisch H.K. Crystal Growth in Gels (1970), Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park
    • (1970) Crystal Growth in Gels
    • Henisch, H.K.1
  • 23
    • 0001621848 scopus 로고
    • Reaction of native proteins with chemical reagents
    • Herriott R.M. Reaction of native proteins with chemical reagents. Advances in Protein Chemistry 3 (1947) 169-225
    • (1947) Advances in Protein Chemistry , vol.3 , pp. 169-225
    • Herriott, R.M.1
  • 25
    • 33847011580 scopus 로고
    • The organic constituent of fossil mollusc shells
    • Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds), Wiley, New York
    • Hoering T.C. The organic constituent of fossil mollusc shells. In: Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds). Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids (1980), Wiley, New York 193-201
    • (1980) Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids , pp. 193-201
    • Hoering, T.C.1
  • 26
    • 34548043955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature senstitivity of aspartic and glutamic acid racemization in the foraminifera Pulleniatina
    • Kaufman D.S. Temperature senstitivity of aspartic and glutamic acid racemization in the foraminifera Pulleniatina. Quaternary Geochronology 1 (2006) 188-207
    • (2006) Quaternary Geochronology , vol.1 , pp. 188-207
    • Kaufman, D.S.1
  • 27
    • 0031735136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new procedure for determining DL amino acid ratios in fossils using reverse phase liquid chromatography
    • Kaufman D.S., and Manley W.F. A new procedure for determining DL amino acid ratios in fossils using reverse phase liquid chromatography. Quaternary Science Reviews 17 (1998) 987-1000
    • (1998) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.17 , pp. 987-1000
    • Kaufman, D.S.1    Manley, W.F.2
  • 28
    • 0023163640 scopus 로고
    • Further evidence of the complexity of the racemization process in fossil shells with implications for amino acid racemization dating
    • Kimber R.W.L., and Griffin C.V. Further evidence of the complexity of the racemization process in fossil shells with implications for amino acid racemization dating. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 51 (1987) 839-846
    • (1987) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.51 , pp. 839-846
    • Kimber, R.W.L.1    Griffin, C.V.2
  • 29
    • 0018167134 scopus 로고
    • Isoleucine epimerization in peptides and proteins: kinetic factors and application to fossil proteins
    • Kriausakul N., and Mitterer R.M. Isoleucine epimerization in peptides and proteins: kinetic factors and application to fossil proteins. Science 201 (1978) 1011-1014
    • (1978) Science , vol.201 , pp. 1011-1014
    • Kriausakul, N.1    Mitterer, R.M.2
  • 30
    • 0002863966 scopus 로고
    • Some factors affecting the epimerization of isoleucine in peptides and proteins
    • Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds), Wiley, New York
    • Kriausakul N., and Mitterer R.M. Some factors affecting the epimerization of isoleucine in peptides and proteins. In: Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds). Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids (1980), Wiley, New York 283-296
    • (1980) Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids , pp. 283-296
    • Kriausakul, N.1    Mitterer, R.M.2
  • 31
    • 0002511351 scopus 로고
    • Inter- and intra-generic trends in apparent racemization kinetics of amino acids in Quaternary molluscs
    • Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds), Wiley, New York
    • Lajoie K.R., Wehmiller J.F., and Kennedy G.L. Inter- and intra-generic trends in apparent racemization kinetics of amino acids in Quaternary molluscs. In: Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds). Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids (1980), Wiley, New York 305-340
    • (1980) Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids , pp. 305-340
    • Lajoie, K.R.1    Wehmiller, J.F.2    Kennedy, G.L.3
  • 33
    • 0028315598 scopus 로고
    • Stable isotope compositions of fluid inclusions in biogenic carbonates
    • Lecuyer C., and O'Neil J.R. Stable isotope compositions of fluid inclusions in biogenic carbonates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 58 (1993) 353-363
    • (1993) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.58 , pp. 353-363
    • Lecuyer, C.1    O'Neil, J.R.2
  • 34
    • 0035782670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the nacreous organic matrix of a bivalve mollusk shell examined in the hydrated state using cryo-TEM
    • Levi-Kalisman Y., Falini G., Addadi L., and Weiner S. Structure of the nacreous organic matrix of a bivalve mollusk shell examined in the hydrated state using cryo-TEM. Journal of Structural Biology 135 (2001) 8-17
    • (2001) Journal of Structural Biology , vol.135 , pp. 8-17
    • Levi-Kalisman, Y.1    Falini, G.2    Addadi, L.3    Weiner, S.4
  • 35
    • 17844400039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molluscan biomineralization: the proteinaceous shell constituents of Pinna nobilis L
    • Marin F., and Luquet G. Molluscan biomineralization: the proteinaceous shell constituents of Pinna nobilis L. Materials Science and Engineering: C 25 (2005) 105-111
    • (2005) Materials Science and Engineering: C , vol.25 , pp. 105-111
    • Marin, F.1    Luquet, G.2
  • 36
    • 0023479970 scopus 로고
    • The precision of amino acid geochronology and palaeothermometry
    • McCoy W.D. The precision of amino acid geochronology and palaeothermometry. Quaternary Science Reviews 6 (1987) 43-54
    • (1987) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.6 , pp. 43-54
    • McCoy, W.D.1
  • 37
    • 0024816858 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid geochronology: resolution and precision in carbonate fossils
    • Miller G.H., and Brigham-Grette J. Amino acid geochronology: resolution and precision in carbonate fossils. Quaternary International 1 (1989) 111-128
    • (1989) Quaternary International , vol.1 , pp. 111-128
    • Miller, G.H.1    Brigham-Grette, J.2
  • 38
    • 0000820991 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid geochronology: integrity of the carbonate matrix and potential of molluscan fossils
    • Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds), Wiley, New York
    • Miller G.H., and Hare P.E. Amino acid geochronology: integrity of the carbonate matrix and potential of molluscan fossils. In: Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds). Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids (1980), Wiley, New York 415-443
    • (1980) Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids , pp. 415-443
    • Miller, G.H.1    Hare, P.E.2
  • 39
    • 0018728610 scopus 로고
    • Aminostratigraphy of UK Pleistocene deposits
    • Miller G.H., Hollin J.T., and Andrews J.T. Aminostratigraphy of UK Pleistocene deposits. Nature 281 (1979) 539-543
    • (1979) Nature , vol.281 , pp. 539-543
    • Miller, G.H.1    Hollin, J.T.2    Andrews, J.T.3
  • 40
    • 0027128920 scopus 로고
    • Pleistocene geochronology and palaeothermometry from protein diagenesis in ostrich eggshells: implications for the evolution of modern humans
    • Miller G.H., Beaumont P.B., Jull A.J.T., and Johnson B. Pleistocene geochronology and palaeothermometry from protein diagenesis in ostrich eggshells: implications for the evolution of modern humans. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B 337 (1992) 149-157
    • (1992) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B , vol.337 , pp. 149-157
    • Miller, G.H.1    Beaumont, P.B.2    Jull, A.J.T.3    Johnson, B.4
  • 41
    • 15544365317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoleucine epimerization in eggshells of the flightless Australian birds Genyornis and Dromaius
    • Goodfriend G.A., Collins M.J., Fogel M.L., Macko S.A., and Wehmiller J.F. (Eds), Oxford University Press
    • Miller G.H., Hart C.P., Roark E.B., and Johnson B.J. Isoleucine epimerization in eggshells of the flightless Australian birds Genyornis and Dromaius. In: Goodfriend G.A., Collins M.J., Fogel M.L., Macko S.A., and Wehmiller J.F. (Eds). Perspectives in Amino Acid and Protein Geochemistry (2000), Oxford University Press 161-181
    • (2000) Perspectives in Amino Acid and Protein Geochemistry , pp. 161-181
    • Miller, G.H.1    Hart, C.P.2    Roark, E.B.3    Johnson, B.J.4
  • 42
    • 0021586461 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of rates and degrees of isoleucine epimerisation in dipeptides and tripeptides
    • Mitterer R.M., and Kriausakul N. Comparison of rates and degrees of isoleucine epimerisation in dipeptides and tripeptides. Organic Chemistry 7 (1984) 91-98
    • (1984) Organic Chemistry , vol.7 , pp. 91-98
    • Mitterer, R.M.1    Kriausakul, N.2
  • 43
    • 0029486956 scopus 로고
    • Aminostratigraphy of Quaternary coastal sequences in southern Australia-an overview
    • Murray-Wallace C.V. Aminostratigraphy of Quaternary coastal sequences in southern Australia-an overview. Quaternary International 26 (1995) 69-86
    • (1995) Quaternary International , vol.26 , pp. 69-86
    • Murray-Wallace, C.V.1
  • 45
    • 33747602314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bridged nanocrystals in biominerals and their biomimetics: classical yet modern crystal growth on the nanoscale
    • Oaki Y., Kotachi A., Miura T., and Imai H. Bridged nanocrystals in biominerals and their biomimetics: classical yet modern crystal growth on the nanoscale. Advanced Functional Materials 16 (2006) 1633-1639
    • (2006) Advanced Functional Materials , vol.16 , pp. 1633-1639
    • Oaki, Y.1    Kotachi, A.2    Miura, T.3    Imai, H.4
  • 46
    • 0026833083 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen-peroxide use to increase oxidant capacity for in situ bioremediation of contaminated soils and aquifers: A review
    • Pardieck D.L., Bouwer E.J., and Stone A.T. Hydrogen-peroxide use to increase oxidant capacity for in situ bioremediation of contaminated soils and aquifers: A review. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 9 (1992) 221-242
    • (1992) Journal of Contaminant Hydrology , vol.9 , pp. 221-242
    • Pardieck, D.L.1    Bouwer, E.J.2    Stone, A.T.3
  • 47
    • 36749098700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penkman, K.E.H., 2005. Amino acid geochronology: a closed system approach to test and refine the UK model. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Newcastle.
  • 48
    • 36549083393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penkman, K.E.H., Preece, R.C., Keen, D.H., Maddy, D., Schreve, D.S., Collins, M.J. 2007. Testing the aminostratigraphy of fluvial archives: the evidence from intra-crystalline proteins within freshwater shells. Quaternary Science Reviews, in press, doi:10.1016/j.quasicirev.2007.06.034.
  • 50
    • 31744448132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molluscan assemblages and amino acid dating of the Lower Palaeolithic site at East Farm, Barnham, Suffolk
    • Preece R.C., and Penkman K.E.H. Molluscan assemblages and amino acid dating of the Lower Palaeolithic site at East Farm, Barnham, Suffolk. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 116 (2005) 363-377
    • (2005) Proceedings of the Geologists' Association , vol.116 , pp. 363-377
    • Preece, R.C.1    Penkman, K.E.H.2
  • 51
    • 0031420782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of isoleucine epimerization and leaching potential in the molluskan genera Astarte, Macoma, and Mya
    • Roof S. Comparison of isoleucine epimerization and leaching potential in the molluskan genera Astarte, Macoma, and Mya. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61 (1997) 5325-5333
    • (1997) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.61 , pp. 5325-5333
    • Roof, S.1
  • 53
    • 0027849824 scopus 로고
    • Bleach removes labile amino acids from deep sea planktonic foraminiferal shells
    • Stathoplos L., and Hare P.E. Bleach removes labile amino acids from deep sea planktonic foraminiferal shells. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 23 (1993) 102-107
    • (1993) Journal of Foraminiferal Research , vol.23 , pp. 102-107
    • Stathoplos, L.1    Hare, P.E.2
  • 54
    • 0013095569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and comparison of different methods for the extraction of biomineral associated lipids
    • Stern B., Abbott G.D., Collins M.J., and Armstrong H.A. Development and comparison of different methods for the extraction of biomineral associated lipids. Ancient Biomolecules 3 (1999) 321-334
    • (1999) Ancient Biomolecules , vol.3 , pp. 321-334
    • Stern, B.1    Abbott, G.D.2    Collins, M.J.3    Armstrong, H.A.4
  • 55
    • 29144470665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanostructure of biogenic versus abiogenic calcium carbonate crystals
    • Stolarski J., and Mazur M. Nanostructure of biogenic versus abiogenic calcium carbonate crystals. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50 (2005) 847-865
    • (2005) Acta Palaeontologica Polonica , vol.50 , pp. 847-865
    • Stolarski, J.1    Mazur, M.2
  • 56
    • 0029415404 scopus 로고
    • The significance of a geochemically isolated intracrystalline fraction within biominerals
    • Sykes G.A., Collins M.J., and Walton D.I. The significance of a geochemically isolated intracrystalline fraction within biominerals. Organic Geochemistry 23 (1995) 1059-1065
    • (1995) Organic Geochemistry , vol.23 , pp. 1059-1065
    • Sykes, G.A.1    Collins, M.J.2    Walton, D.I.3
  • 57
    • 36749097569 scopus 로고
    • Temporal variation in microstructure of the inner shell surface of Corbicula fluminea (Bivalvia: Heterodonta)
    • Tan T.A., and Prezant R.S. Temporal variation in microstructure of the inner shell surface of Corbicula fluminea (Bivalvia: Heterodonta). American Malacological Bulletin 7 (1989) 65-71
    • (1989) American Malacological Bulletin , vol.7 , pp. 65-71
    • Tan, T.A.1    Prezant, R.S.2
  • 58
    • 0346302893 scopus 로고
    • Low molecular weight hydrocarbons in Recent and fossil shells
    • Thompson R.R., and Creath W.B. Low molecular weight hydrocarbons in Recent and fossil shells. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 30 (1966) 1137-1152
    • (1966) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.30 , pp. 1137-1152
    • Thompson, R.R.1    Creath, W.B.2
  • 59
    • 0002678560 scopus 로고
    • Preserved organic ultrastructure: An unreliable indicator for Paleozoic amino acid biogeochemistry
    • Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds), Wiley, New York
    • Towe K.M. Preserved organic ultrastructure: An unreliable indicator for Paleozoic amino acid biogeochemistry. In: Hare P.E., Hoering T.C., and King Jr. K. (Eds). Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids (1980), Wiley, New York 65-74
    • (1980) Biogeochemistry of Amino Acids , pp. 65-74
    • Towe, K.M.1
  • 60
    • 0015270377 scopus 로고
    • The structure of some bivalve shell carbonates prepared by ion-beam thinning
    • Towe K.M., and Thompson G.R. The structure of some bivalve shell carbonates prepared by ion-beam thinning. Calcified Tissue Research 10 (1972) 38-48
    • (1972) Calcified Tissue Research , vol.10 , pp. 38-48
    • Towe, K.M.1    Thompson, G.R.2
  • 61
    • 0032565293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of intracrystalline proteins and amino acids in fossil brachiopods
    • Walton D. Degradation of intracrystalline proteins and amino acids in fossil brachiopods. Organic Geochemistry 28 (1998) 389-410
    • (1998) Organic Geochemistry , vol.28 , pp. 389-410
    • Walton, D.1
  • 62
    • 0021545309 scopus 로고
    • Interlaboratory comparison of amino acid enantiomeric ratios in fossil Pleistocene molluscs
    • Wehmiller J.F. Interlaboratory comparison of amino acid enantiomeric ratios in fossil Pleistocene molluscs. Quaternary Research 22 (1984) 109-120
    • (1984) Quaternary Research , vol.22 , pp. 109-120
    • Wehmiller, J.F.1
  • 63
    • 0027794951 scopus 로고
    • Applications of organic geochemistry for Quaternary research: Aminostratigraphy and aminochronology
    • Engel M.H., and Macko S.A. (Eds), Plenum Press
    • Wehmiller J.F. Applications of organic geochemistry for Quaternary research: Aminostratigraphy and aminochronology. In: Engel M.H., and Macko S.A. (Eds). Organic Geochemistry (1993), Plenum Press 755-783
    • (1993) Organic Geochemistry , pp. 755-783
    • Wehmiller, J.F.1
  • 64
    • 0000552036 scopus 로고
    • Racemization of amino acids in marine sediments
    • Wehmiller J.F., and Hare P.E. Racemization of amino acids in marine sediments. Science 173 (1971) 907
    • (1971) Science , vol.173 , pp. 907
    • Wehmiller, J.F.1    Hare, P.E.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.