Evaluation of precracking methods for the end-notched flexure test

AIAA Journal

Volumn 45, Issue 11, 2007, Pages 2603-2611

  Perez, Carlos L ^a,b,c   Davidson, Barry D ^a,b,c  

^a SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering ^*

^c AIAA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLEXURE TESTS; PRECRACKING GEOMETRIES; PRECRACKING METHODS;

BENDING STRENGTH; CRACK PROPAGATION; DELAMINATION; GEOMETRY;

CRACK INITIATION;

EID: 36749001107     PISSN: 00011452     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2514/1.24188     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Davidson, B. D., and Sun, X., "Effects of Friction, Geometry and Fixture Compliance on the Perceived Toughness from Three and Four Point Bend End Notched Flexure Tests," Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 24, No. 15, 2005, pp. 1611-1628. doi:10.1177/ 0731684405050402
2. Sun, X., and Davidson, B. D., "Numerical Evaluation of the Effects of Friction and Geometrical Nonlinearities on Three and Four Point Bend End Notched Flexure Test Results," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 73, No. 10, 2006, pp. 1343-1361. doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2005.11.007
3. Davidson, B. D., Sun, X., and Vinciquerra, A. J., "Influences of Friction, Geometric Nonlinearity and Fixture Compliance on Three and Four Point Bend End Notched Flexure Test Results," Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 41, No. 10,2007, pp. 1177-1196. doi:10.1177/0021998306067304
4. Muni, G. B., and Martin, R. H., "Effect of Initial Delamination on Mode I and Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Fracture Threshold," Composite Materials: Fatigue and Fracture, Vol. 4, ASTM STP 1156, edited by W. W. Stinchcomb and N. E. Ashbaugh, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 239-256.
5. O'Brien, T. K., Murri, G. B., and Salpekar, S. A., "Interlaminar Shear Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Thresholds for Composite Materials," Composite Materials: Fatigue and Fracture, Vol. 2, ASTMSTP 1012, edited by P. A. Lagace, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1989, pp. 222-250.
6. Russell, A. J., "Initiation and Growth of Mode II Delamination in Toughened Composites," Composite Materials: Fatigue and Fracture, Vol. 3, ASTM STP 1110, edited by T. K. O'Brien, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1991, pp. 226-242.
7. Davidson, B. D., and Koudela, K. L., "Influence of the Mode Mix of Precracking on the Delamination Toughness of Laminated Composites," Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 18, No. 15, 1999, pp. 1408-1414.
8. Davidson, B. D., "Towards an ASTM Standardized Test for Determining Gnc of Unidirectional Laminated Polymeric Matrix Composites," Proceedings of the American Society for Composites: 21st Technical Conference [CD-ROM], DEStech Publications, Lancaster, PA, Sept. 2006.
9. Martin, R. H., and Davidson, B. D., "Mode II Fracture Toughness Evaluation Using a Four Point Bend End-Notched Flexure Test," Plastics, Rubber and Composites Processing and Applications, Vol. 28, No. 8, 1999, pp. 401-406.
10. Schuecker, C., and Davidson, B. D., "Evaluation of the Accuracy of the Four-Point Bend End-Notched Flexure Test for Mode II Delamination Toughness Determination," Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 60, No. 11, 2000, pp. 2137-2146. doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(00)00113-5
11. Vinciquerra, A. J., and Davidson, B. D., "Effect of Crack Length Measurement Technique and Data Reduction Procedures on the Perceived Toughness from Four-Point Bend End-Notched Flexure Tests," Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 23, No. 10, 2004, pp. 1051-1062. doi:10.1177/0731684404035413
12. [ 12] Polaha, J. J., Davidson, B. D., Hudson, R.C., and Pieracci, A.,"Effects of Mode Ratio, Ply Orientation and Precracking on the Delamination Toughness of a Laminated Composite," Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 15, No. 2, 1996, pp. 141-173.
13. Carlsson, L. A., Gillespie, J. W., and Trethewey, B. R., "Mode II Interlaminar Fracture of Graphite/Epoxy and Graphite/PEEK," Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 5, No. 3, 1986, pp. 170-187. doi:10.1177/073168448600500302
14. Davies, P., Ducept, F., Brunner, A. J., Blackman, B. R. K., and de Morais, A. B., "Development of a Standard Mode II Shear Fracture Test Procedure," ECCM7: Seventh European Conference on Composite Materials, Vol. 2, Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, England, U.K., May 1996, pp. 9-15.
15. Odagiri, N., Kishi, H., and Yamashita, M., "Development of TORAYCA Prepreg P2302 Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic for Aircraft Primary Structural Materials," Advanced Composite Materials, Vol. 5, No. 3, 1996, pp. 249-254.
16. Davidson, B. D., Gharibian, S. J., and Yu, L., "Evaluation of Energy Release Rate-Based Approaches for Predicting Delamination Growth in Laminated Composites," International Journal of Fracture, Vol. 105, No. 4, 2000, pp. 343-365. doi: 10.1023/A:1007647226760
17. Davidson, B. D., Bialaszewski, R. D., and Sainath, S. S., "A NonClassical, Energy Release Rate Based Approach for Predicting Delamination Growth in Graphite Reinforced Laminated Polymeric Composites," Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 66, No. 10, 2006, pp. 1479-1496. doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.10.031
18. Davidson, B. D., and Sun, X., "Geometry and Data Reduction Recommendations for a Standardized End Notched Flexure Test for Unidirectional Composites," Journal of ASTM International, Vol. 3, No. 9, 2006, Paper JAI10028510.1520/JAI100285.
19. Davidson, B. D., Altonen, C. S., and Polaha, J. J., "Effect of Stacking Sequence on Delamination Toughness and Delamination Growth Behavior in Composite End-Notched Flexure Specimens," Composite Materials: Testing and Design, Vol. 12, ASTM STP 1274, edited by R. B. Deo and C. R. Saff, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1996, pp. 393-413.
20. Davidson, B. D., Yu, L., Lundberg, S. D., and Rao, L. M., "Accuracy Assessment of a Three-Dimensional, Crack Tip Element Based Approach for Predicting Delamination Growth in Stiffened-Skin Geometries," International Journal of Fracture, Vol. 132, No. 1, 2005, pp. 1-32. doi:10.1007/s10704-004-8155-y
21. Davidson, B. D., Michaels, J. E., Sundararaman, V., and Michaels, T. E., "Ultrasonic Imaging of Impact Damaged Composite Panels," Acoustical Imaging, edited by H. Ermert and H.-P. Harjes, Vol. 19. Plenum, New York, 1992, pp. 589-594.
22. Vinciquerra, A. J., Davidson, B. D., Schaff, J. R., and Smith, S. L., "An Improved Methodology for the Determination of Mode II Fatigue Delamination Growth Rates Using the End-Notched Flexure Test," Proceedings of the 15th Annual American Society for Composites Technical Conference, edited by O. O. Ochoa, T. K. O'Brien, D. Lagoudas and H. J. Sue, Technomic Publishing, Lancaster, PA, 2000, pp. 999-1007.
23. Matsuda, S., Hojo, M., and Ochiai, S., "Mesoscopic Fracture Mechanism of Mode II Delamination Fatigue Crack Propagation in Interlayer-Toughened CFRP," JSME International Journal, Series A (Mechanics and Material Engineering), Vol. 40, No. 4, 1997, pp. 423-429.
24. Kageyama, K., Kimpara, I., Ohsawa, I., Hojo, N., and Kabashima, S., "Mode I and Mode II Delamination Growth of Interlayer Toughened Carbon/Epoxy (T800H/3900-2) Composite System," Composite Materials: Fatigue and Fracture, Vol. 5, ASTM STP 1230, edited by R. H. Martin, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 19-37.
25. Neal, D., and Vangel, M., "Statistical Analysis of Mechanical Properties," Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol. 1, ASM International, Metals Park, OH, 1987, pp. 302-307.
26. Davidson, B. D., Krüger, R., and König, M., "Three Dimensional Analysis and Resulting Design Recommendations for Unidirectional and Multidirectional End-Notched Flexure Tests," Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 29, No. 16, 1995, pp. 2108-2133.
27. Kinloch, A. J., and Young, R. J., Fracture Behaviour of Polymers, Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1983.
28. Fracasso, R., Rink, M., Pavan, A., and Frassine, R., "The Effects of Strain-Rate and Temperature on the Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Interleaved PEEK/CF Composites," Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 61, No. 1, 2001, pp. 57-63. doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(00)00153-6
29. Lim, W. W., and Mizumachi, H., "Fracture Toughness of Adhesive Joints, 3: Temperature and Rate Dependencies of Mode II Fracture Toughness and Adhesive Shear Strength," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 63, No. 7, 1997, pp. 835-841. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19970214)63: 7〈835::AID-APP2〉3.0.-CO;2-R
30. Tsai, J. L., Guo, C., and Sun, C. T., "Dynamic Delamination Fracture Toughness in Unidirectional Polymeric Composites," Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 61, No. 1, 2001, pp. 87-94. doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(00) 00197-4
31. IIc.: Shear Measurement or Sheer Myth?," Composite Materials: Fatigue and Fracture, Vol. 7, ASTM STP 1330, edited by R. B. Bucinell, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1998, pp. 3-18.
32. Lee, S. M., "Mode II Interlaminar Crack Growth Process in Polymer Matrix Composites," Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 18, No. 13, 1999, pp. 1254-1266.
33. Davies, P., Kausch, H. H., Williams, J. G., Kinloch, A. J., Charalambides, M. N., Pavan, A., Moore, D. R., Prediger, R., Robinson, I., Burgoyne, N., Friedrich, K., Wittich, H., Rebelo, C. A., Torres Marques, A., Ramsteiner, F., Melve, B., Fischer, M., Roux, N., Martin, D., Czamocki, P., Neville, D., Verpoest, I., Goffaux. B., Lee, R., Walls, K., Trigwell, N., Partridge, I. K., Jaussaud, J., Andersen, S., Giraud, Y., Hale, G., and McGrath, G., "Round-Robin Interlaminar Fracture Testing of Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced Epoxy and PEEK Composite," Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 43, No. 2, 1992, pp. 129-136. doi:10.1016/0266-3538(92)90003-L