Science is fundamental: The role of biomedical knowledge in clinical reasoning

Medical Education

Volumn 41, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 1173-1177

  Woods, Nicole N ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b Wilson Centre   (Canada)

Author keywords

*clinical competence; *decision making; *diagnosis; Biological sciences *education; Education, medical, undergraduate *methods; Teaching *methods

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIOMEDICINE; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL EDUCATION; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; HUMAN; KNOWLEDGE; MEDICAL EDUCATION;

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; CLINICAL COMPETENCE; DECISION MAKING; DIAGNOSIS; EDUCATION, MEDICAL, UNDERGRADUATE; TEACHING;

EID: 36649037635     PISSN: 03080110     EISSN: 13652923     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2007.02911.x     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Elstein AS, Schwartz A, Higgs J, Jones M. Clinical Reasoning in Medicine. Clinical Reasoning in the Health Professions. Oxford, UK: Butterworth Heinemann 2000:95-106.
2. Norman GR, Brooks LR. The non-analytical basis of clinical reasoning. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 1997;2 (2):173-84.
3. Patel VL, Evans DA, Groen GJ. Reconciling basic science and clinical reasoning. Teach Learn Med 1989;1 (3):116-21.
4. Patel VL, Groen GJ. Knowledge-based solution strategies in medical reasoning. Cognit Sci 1986;10 (1):91-116.
5. Joseph GM, Patel VL. Domain knowledge and hypothesis generation in diagnostic reasoning. Med Decis Making 1990;10 (1):31-46.
6. Nisbett RE, Wilson TD. Telling more than we can know - verbal reports on mental processes. Psychol Rev 1977;84 (3):231-59.
7. Rikers RMJP, Schmidt HG, Moulaert VA. Biomedical knowledge: encapsulated or two worlds apart? Appl Cogn Psychol 2005;19 (2):223-31.
8. Rikers RM, Loyens S, te Winkel WW, Schmidt HG, Sins PH. The role of biomedical knowledge in clinical reasoning: a lexical decision study. Acad Med 2005;80 (10):945-9.
9. Rikers RM, Loyens SM, Schmidt HG. The role of encapsulated knowledge in clinical case representations of medical students and family doctors. Med Educ 2004;38 (10):1035-43.
10. Noguchi Y, Matsui K, Imura H, Kiyota M, Fukui T. Quantitative evaluation of the diagnostic thinking process in medical students. J Gen Intern Med 2002;17 (11):839-44.
11. Kurzenhauser S, Hoffrage U. Teaching Bayesian reasoning: an evaluation of a classroom tutorial for medical students. Med Teach 2002;24 (5):516-21.
12. Wolf FM, Gruppen LD, Billi JE. Differential diagnosis and the competing-hypotheses heuristic. A practical approach to judgement under uncertainty and Bayesian probability. JAMA 1985;253 (19):2858-62.
13. Elieson SW, Papa FJ. The effects of various knowledge formats on diagnostic performance. Acad Med 1994;69 (Suppl 10):81-3.
14. Woods NN, Brooks LR, Norman GR. The value of basic science in clinical diagnosis: creating coherence among signs and symptoms. Med Educ 2005;39 (1):107-12.
15. Wisniewski EJ, Medin DL. On the interaction of theory and data in concept-learning. Cognit Sci 1994;18 (2):221-81.
16. Woods NN, Brooks L, Norman GR. It all makes sense: biomedical knowledge, causal connections and memory in the novice diagnostician. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2007;12:405-15.
17. Beilock SL, Bertenthal BI, McCoy AM, Carr TH. Haste does not always make waste: expertise, direction of attention, and speed versus accuracy in performing sensorimotor skills. Psychon Bull Rev 2004;11 (2):373-9.
18. Woods NN, Brooks LR, Norman GR. The role of biomedical knowledge in diagnosis of difficult clinical cases. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2007;12:417-26.
19. Woods NN, Howey EH, Brooks LR, Norman GR. Speed kills? Speed, accuracy, encapsulations and causal understanding. Med Educ 2006;40 (10):973-9.
20. Woods NN, Neville AJ, Levinson AJ, Howey EHA, Oczkowski WJ, Norman GR. The value of basic science in clinical diagnosis. Acad Med. 2006;81 (10 Suppl):S124-7.
21. Patel VL, Groen GJ, Scott HM. Biomedical knowledge in explanations of clinical problems by medical students. Med Educ 1988;22 (5):398-406.