Hepatitis C core protein - The "core" of immune deception?

Journal of Hepatology

Volumn 48, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 8-11

  Szabo, Gyongyi ^a   Dolganiuc, Angela ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORE PROTEIN; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; INTERFERON; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR;

CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CELL FUNCTION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; EDITORIAL; GENOME; HEPATITIS C; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HUMAN; LIVER CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; T LYMPHOCYTE; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION;

DENDRITIC CELLS; HEPACIVIRUS; HEPATITIS C; HEPATITIS C ANTIGENS; HEPATITIS C, CHRONIC; HUMANS; VIRAL CORE PROTEINS;

EID: 36649010201     PISSN: 01688278     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.10.005     Document Type: Editorial

References (37)

1. Rehermann B. Chronic infections with hepatotropic viruses: mechanisms of impairment of cellular immune responses. Semin Liver Dis 27 (2007) 152-160
2. Szabo G., Chang S., and Dolganiuc A. Altered innate immunity in chronic hepatitis C infection - cause or effect?. Hepatology 46 (2007) 1279-1290
3. Suzuki T., Aizaki H., Murakami K., Shoji I., and Wakita T. Molecular biology of hepatitis C virus. J Gastroenterol 42 (2007) 411-423
4. Dubuisson J. Hepatitis C virus proteins. World J Gastroenterol 13 (2007) 2406-2415
5. Saito K., Meyer K., Warner R., Basu A., Ray R.B., and Ray R. Hepatitis C virus core protein inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated apoptosis by a protective effect involving cellular FLICE inhibitory protein. J Virol 80 (2006) 4372-4379
6. Hosui A., Takehara T., Ohkawa K., Kanazawa Y., Tatsumi T., Yamaguchi S., et al. Suppressive effect on hepatocyte differentiation of hepatitis C virus core protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 346 (2006) 1125-1130
7. Kim K.H., Hong S.P., Kim K., Park M.J., Kim K.J., and Cheong J. HCV core protein induces hepatic lipid accumulation by activating SREBP1 and PPARgamma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 355 (2007) 883-888
8. Large M.K., Kittlesen D.J., and Hahn Y.S. Suppression of host immune response by the core protein of hepatitis C virus: possible implications for hepatitis C virus persistence. J Immunol 162 (1999) 931-938
9. Eisen-Vandervelde A.L., Yao Z.Q., and Hahn Y.S. The molecular basis of HCV-mediated immune dysregulation. Clin Immunol 111 (2004) 16-21
10. Zimmermann M., Flechsig C., La Monica N., Tripodi M., Adler G., and Dikopoulos N. Hepatitis C virus core protein impairs in vitro priming of specific T cell responses by dendritic cells and hepatocytes. J Hepatol 48 (2008) 51-60
11. Wuensch S.A., Pierce R.H., and Crispe I.N. Local intrahepatic CD8+ T cell activation by a non-self-antigen results in full functional differentiation. J Immunol 177 (2006) 1689-1697
12. Warren A., Le Couteur D.G., Fraser R., Bowen D.G., McCaughan G.W., and Bertolino P. T lymphocytes interact with hepatocytes through fenestrations in murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Hepatology 44 (2006) 1182-1190
13. Muhlbauer M., Fleck M., Schutz C., Weiss T., Froh M., Blank C., et al. PD-L1 is induced in hepatocytes by viral infection and by interferon-alpha and -gamma and mediates T cell apoptosis. J Hepatol 45 (2006) 520-528
14. Dolganiuc A., Kodys K., Kopasz A., Marshall C., Twan D., Romics L., et al. Hepatitis C virus core and NS3 proteins induce pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit dendritic cell differentiation. J Immunol 170 (2003) 5615-5624
15. Kanto T., Hayashi N., Takehara T., Tatsumi T., Kuzushita N., Ito A., et al. Impaired allostimulatory capacity of peripheral blood dendritic cells recovered from hepatitis C virus-infected individuals. J Immunol 162 (1999) 5584-5591
16. Auffermann-Gretzinger S., Keeffe E.B., and Levy S. Impaired dendritic cell maturation in patients with chronic, but not resolved, hepatitis C virus infection. Blood 97 (2001) 3171-3176
17. Bain C., Fatmi A., Zoulim F., Zarski J.P., Trepo C., and Inchauspe G. Impaired allostimulatory function of dendritic cells in chronic hepatitis C infection. Gastroenterology 120 (2001) 512-524
18. Larsson M., Babcock E., Grakoui A., Shoukry N., Lauer G., Rice C., et al. Lack of phenotypic and functional impairment in dendritic cells from chimpanzees chronically infected with hepatitis C virus. J Virol 78 (2004) 6151-6161
19. Dolganiuc A., Chang S., Kodys K., Mandrekar P., Bakis G., Cormier M., et al. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein-induced, monocyte-mediated mechanisms of reduced IFN-alpha and plasmacytoid dendritic cell loss in chronic HCV infection. J Immunol 177 (2006) 6758-6768
20. Rosen H.R. Hepatitis C pathogenesis: mechanisms of viral clearance and liver injury. Liver Transpl 9 (2003) S35-S43
21. Nattermann J., Zimmermann H., Iwan A., von Lilienfeld-Toal M., Leifeld L., Nischalke H.D., et al. Hepatitis C virus E2 and CD81 interaction may be associated with altered trafficking of dendritic cells in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 44 (2006) 945-954
22. Dikopoulos N., Wegenka U., Kroger A., Hauser H., Schirmbeck R., and Reimann J. Recently primed CD8+ T cells entering the liver induce hepatocytes to interact with naive CD8+ T cells in the mouse. Hepatology 39 (2004) 1256-1266
23. Blackburn S.D., and Wherry E.J. IL-10, T cell exhaustion and viral persistence. Trends Microbiol 15 (2007) 143-146
24. Cools N, Ponsaerts P, Van Tendeloo VF, Berneman ZN. Balancing between immunity and tolerance: an interplay between dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, and effector T cells. J Leukoc Biol 2007 [Epub ahead of print].
25. Ejrnaes M., Filippi C.M., Martinic M.M., Ling E.M., Togher L.M., Crotty S., et al. Resolution of a chronic viral infection after interleukin-10 receptor blockade. J Exp Med 203 (2006) 2461-2472
26. Brooks D.G., Trifilo M.J., Edelmann K.H., Teyton L., McGavern D.B., and Oldstone M.B. Interleukin-10 determines viral clearance or persistence in vivo. Nat Med 12 (2006) 1301-1309
27. Cabrera R., Tu Z., Xu Y., Firpi R.J., Rosen H.R., Liu C., et al. An immunomodulatory role for CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T lymphocytes in hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 40 (2004) 1062-1071
28. Alatrakchi N., Graham C.S., van der Vliet H.J., Sherman K.E., Exley M.A., and Koziel M.J. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD8+ cells produce transforming growth factor beta that can suppress HCV-specific T-cell responses. J Virol 81 (2007) 5882-5892
29. Boettler T., Spangenberg H.C., Neumann-Haefelin C., Panther E., Urbani S., Ferrari C., et al. T cells with a CD4+CD25+ regulatory phenotype suppress in vitro proliferation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells during chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Virol 79 (2005) 7860-7867
30. Bolacchi F., Sinistro A., Ciaprini C., Demin F., Capozzi M., Carducci F.C., et al. Increased hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD4+CD25+ regulatory T lymphocytes and reduced HCV-specific CD4+ T cell response in HCV-infected patients with normal versus abnormal alanine aminotransferase levels. Clin Exp Immunol 144 (2006) 188-196
31. Accapezzato D., Francavilla V., Rawson P., Cerino A., Cividini A., Mondelli M.U., et al. Subversion of effector CD8+ T cell differentiation in acute hepatitis C virus infection: the role of the virus. Eur J Immunol 34 (2004) 438-446
32. Francavilla V., Accapezzato D., De Salvo M., Rawson P., Cosimi O., Lipp M., et al. Subversion of effector CD8+ T cell differentiation in acute hepatitis C virus infection: exploring the immunological mechanisms. Eur J Immunol 34 (2004) 427-437
33. Accapezzato D., Francavilla V., Paroli M., Casciaro M., Chircu L.V., Cividini A., et al. Hepatic expansion of a virus-specific regulatory CD8(+) T cell population in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Clin Invest 113 (2004) 963-972
34. Abel M., Sène D., Pol S., Bourlière M., Poynard T., Charlotte F., et al. Intrahepatic virus-specific IL-10-producing CD8 T cells prevent liver damage during chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 44 (2006) 1607-1616
35. Dolganiuc A., Kodys K., Shin S., Finberg R., Golenbock D., Kurt-Jones E., et al. Toll-like receptor 2 mediates inflammatory pathways triggered by hepatitis C virus core and non-structural 3 proteins. Gastroenterology 127 (2004) 1513-1524
36. Waggoner SN, Hall CH, Hahn YS. HCV core protein interaction with gC1q receptor inhibits Th1 differentiation of CD4+ T cells via suppression of dendritic cell IL-12 production. J Leukoc Biol 2007 [Epub ahead of print].
37. Chang S., Dolganiuc A., and Szabo G. Toll-like receptors (TLR) 1 and 6 are both involved in TLR2-mediated macrophage activation by Hepatitis C Virus core and NS3 proteins. J Leukoc Biol 82 (2007) 479-487