Dry season foraging preferences of cattle and sheep in a communal area of South Africa

African Journal of Range and Forage Science

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 109-121

  Bennett, J ^a,b   Lent, P C ^a   Harris, P J C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE   (South Africa)

^b Institute for Clean Growth and Future Mobility   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Grazing preference; Heterogeneity; Key resource; Livestock; Rangeland

Indexed keywords

BOS; OVIS ARIES;

EID: 36448982908     PISSN: 10220119     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2989/AJRFS.2007.24.3.1.294     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Acocks JPH 1988. Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd edn. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of Southern Africa 57. Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Pretoria, South Africa.
2. Ainslie A 2002. A review of cattle production in Peddie district. In: Ainslie A (ed) Cattle Ownership and Production in the Communal Areas of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Research Report Number 10, Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa. pp 98-120.
3. Aitchison E 1988. Cereal straw and stubble as sheep feed. Western Australian Journal of Agriculture 29: 96-101.
4. Allden WG and Whittaker IAMcD 1970. The determinants of herbage intake by grazing sheep: the interrelationship of factors influencing herbage intake and availability. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 21: 755-766.
5. ARDRI 1994. Livestock Improvement Plan for Koloni Location. Report prepared for the Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Republic of Ciskei, March 1994. ARDRI, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
6. ARDRI 1996. Land Use Systems Research Programme. ARDRINEWS, December 1996. pp 4-14.
7. Bailey DW, Dumont B and Wallis de Vries MF 1998. Utilization of heterogeneous grasslands by herbivores: theory to management. Annales de Zootechnie 47: 321-333.
8. Bailey DW, Gross JE, Laca EA, Rittenhouse LR, Coughenour MB, Swift DM and Sims PL 1996. Mechanisms that result in large herbivore grazing distribution patterns. Journal of Range Management 49(5): 386-400.
9. Bantu Affairs Commission 1962. Reclamation and Settlement of Koloni Location: Middledrift District. File no. (60) N2/11/3/12, King William's Town, February 1962.
10. Beckerling AC, Trollope WSW, Mbelu MM and Scogings PF 1995. Simplified Techniques for Assessing Veld Condition for Livestock Production in the Ciskei Region. ARDRI and Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
11. Bennett JE 2002. The Role of Arable Land Allocations in Cattle Production Systems in Communal Areas of Central Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. PhD thesis, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
12. Bennett JE and Barrett HR 2007. Rangeland as a common property resource: contrasting insights from communal areas of central Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Human Ecology 35(1): 97-112.
13. Brand TS, Franck F, Durand A and Coetzee J 1997. Use of varying combinations of energy and protein sources as supplementary feed for lambing ewes grazing cereal stubble. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37: 1-9.
14. Breebaart L, Bhikraj R and O'Connor, TG 2002. Dietary overlap between Boer goats and indigenous browsers in a South African savanna. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 19: 13-20.
15. Brown DL, Bishop EJB and Wilkie PI 1975. Appraisal of livestock production in the Ciskei. In: Laker MC (ed) The Agricultural Potential of the Ciskei: A Preliminary Report. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. pp 125-135.
16. Cokwana M 1988. A close look at tenure in Ciskei. In: Cross CR and Haines R (eds) Towards Freehold? Options in Land and Development in South Africa's Black Rural Areas. Juta & Co., Kenwyn, South Africa. pp 305-313.
17. Coppock DL, Ellis JE and Swift DM 1986. Livestock feeding ecology and resource utilisation in a nomadic pastoral ecosystem. Journal of Applied Ecology 23: 573-583.
18. Cousins B 1993. Inappropriate Technology, Key Resources and Unstable Institution: A Case Study of the Mutakwa Grazing Scheme. Overseas Development Institute, London, UK.
19. Cousins B 1996. Livestock production and common property struggles in South Africa's agrarian reform. Journal of Peasant Studies 23(2-3): 166-208.
20. De Leeuw PN 1997. Crop residues in tropical Africa: trends in supply, demand and use. In: Renard C (ed) Crop Residues in Sustainable Mixed Crop/Livestock Farming Systems. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. pp 41-77.
21. De Wet CJ 1987. Betterment planning in South Africa: some thoughts on its history, feasibility and wider policy implications. Journal of Contemporary African Studies 6(1/2): 85-122.
22. Eckert JB and Williams W 1995. Identifying serious farmers in the former Ciskei: Implications for small-scale farm research and land reform. Agrekon 34(2): 50-58.
23. Gertenbach WD, Viljoen J, Henning PWvan H and Collyer JA 1998. The utilisation of maize residues for overwintering livestock. 1. Livestock performance as affected by different sheep to cattle ratios when grazing maize-crop residues. South African Journal of Animal Science 28(1): 24-29.
24. Ginnett TF, Dankosky JA, Deo G and Demment MW 1999. Patch depression in grazers: the roles of biomass distribution and residual stems. Functional Ecology 13: 37-44.
25. Goldsmith FB, Harrison CM and Morton AJ 1986. Description and analysis of vegetation. In: Moore PD and Chapman SB (eds) Methods in Plant Ecology. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, UK. pp 437-524.
26. Goqwana WM and Scogings PF 1997. Rangeland and its management. In: Van Averbeke W (ed) ARDRI's Farming Systems Research Programme: Incomplete Preliminary Report. ARDRI, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. pp 28-35.
27. Government of South Africa 1997. Rural Development Framework. Department of Land Affairs, Pretoria, South Africa.
28. Hanley TA 1982. The nutritional basis for food selection by ungulates. Journal of Range Management 35(2): 146-151.
29. Hundleby J, Rose CJ and Mlumbi B 1986. Cattle production in Ciskei, past, present and future. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the South African Society of Animal Production, April 1986.
30. Illius AW and Gordon IJ 1987. The allometry of food intake in grazing ruminants. Journal of Applied Ecology 56: 989-999.
31. Illius AW and O'Connor TG 1999. On the relevance of nonequilibrium concepts to semi-arid grazing systems. Ecological Applications 9: 798-813.
32. Illius AW and O'Connor TG 2000. Resource heterogeneity and ungulate population dynamics. Oikos 89: 283-294.
33. Krebs CJ 1999. Ecological Methodology. 2nd edn. Benjamin-Cummings, New York, USA.
34. Laca EA, Ungar ED, Seligman N and Demment MW 1992. Effects of sward height and bulk density on bite dimensions of cattle grazing homogeneous swards. Grass and Forage Science 47: 91-102.
35. Lo Presti C 1996. The Use of Rain-Fed Arable Land Allocations at Four Locations in the Central Eastern Cape. BSc (Hons.) thesis, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
36. Marais JN 1975. The climate of the Ciskei. In: Laker MC (ed) The Agricultural Potential of the Ciskei: A Preliminary Report. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. pp 18-41.
37. Marais JN, Brutsch MO, Laker MC and Graven EH 1975. Crop production and forestry potential of the Ciskei. In: Laker MC (ed) The Agricultural Potential of the Ciskei: A Preliminary Report. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. pp 42-70.
38. Mbuti MC 2000. Crop production systems. In: Van Ranst E, Verplancke H, Van Averbeke W, Verdoodt A and Bonroy J (eds) Rural Livelihoods in the Central Eastern Cape of South Africa. Proceedings of an international workshop held at Ghent University, Belgium, June 2000. pp 36-38.
39. Monde-Gweleta NN, Van Averbeke W, Ainslie A, Ntshona ZM, Fraser GCG and Belete A 1997. Agriculture and rural livelihoods in North-West Peddie district. Agrekon 36(4): 616-625.
40. Muller-Dombois D and Ellenberg H 1974. Aims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
41. Ndlovu TS 1991. Progress in the Midst of Adversity: A Case of Two Betterment Areas in the Ciskei. BA (Hons.) thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
42. Niamir-Fuller M 1999. Conflict management and mobility amongst pastoralists in Karamoja, Uganda. In: Niamir-Fuller M (ed) Managing Mobility in African Rangelands: The Legitimisation of Transhumance. IT Publications, FAO and the Beijer International Institute of Ecological Economics. pp 149-183.
43. Roguet C, Dumont B and Prache S 1998. Selection and use of feeding sites and feeding stations by herbivores: a review. Annales de Zootechnie 47: 225-244.
44. Ruyle GB, Hasson O and Rice RW 1987. The influence of residual stems on biting rates of cattle grazing Eragrostis lehmanniana Nees. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 19: 11-17.
45. Scogings PF, Theron GK and Bothma J du P 1990. Two quantitative methods of analysing ungulate habitat data. South African Journal of Wildlife Management 20(1): 9-13.
46. Scoones I 1992. Coping with drought: responses of herders and livestock in contrasting savanna environments in southern Zimbabwe. Human Ecology 20(3): 293-314.
47. Scoones I 1995. Exploiting heterogeneity: habitat use by cattle in dryland Zimbabwe. Journal of Arid Environments 29: 221-237.
48. Senft RL, Coughenour MB, Bailey DW, Rittenhouse LR, Sala OE and Swift DM 1987. Large herbivore foraging and ecological hierarchies. BioScience 37(11): 789-799.
49. Smith CA 1961. The utilisation of Hyparrhenia veld for the nutrition of cattle during the dry season. II. Veld hay compared with in situ grazing of the mature forage, and the effects of feeding supplementary nitrogen. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 57: 305-317.
50. Smits NAC, Bredenkamp GJ, Mucina L and Granger JE 1999. The vegetation of old-fields in the Transkei. South African Journal of Botany 65(5): 414-420.
51. Sokal RR and Rohlf FJ 1995. Biostatistics. 3rd edn. WH Freeman & Co., New York, USA.
52. Story R 1952. A botanical survey of the Keiskamma District. In: Mountain E (ed) Natural History of the Keiskammahoek District. Shuter and Shooter, Pretoria, South Africa.
53. Stuth JW, Lyons RK and Kreuter UP 1993. Animal/plant interactions: nutrient acquisition and use by ruminants. In: Powell JM, Fernandez-Rivera S, Williams TO and Renard C (eds) Livestock and Sustainable Nutrient Cycling in Mixed Farming Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa. Volume II: Technical Papers. ILCA, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. pp 63-82.
54. Tainton NM 1999. The ecology of the main grazing lands of South Africa. In: Tainton NM (ed) Veld Management in South Africa. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. pp 23-53.
55. Theron EP 1991. Livestock production from marginal and abandoned cropping lands. Bulletin of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa Supplement 2: 2-12.
56. Trollope WSW and Coetzee PGF 1975. Vegetation and veld management. In: Laker MC (ed) The Agricultural Potential of the Ciskei: A Preliminary Report. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. pp 71-124.
57. Turner MD and Hiernaux P 2002. The use of herders' accounts to map livestock activities across agropastoral landscapes in semiarid Africa. Landscape Ecology 17: 367-385.
58. Van Averbeke W 2000. Agro-ecology of the central Eastern Cape. In: Van Ranst E, Verplancke H, Van Averbeke W, Verdoodt A and Bonroy J (eds) Rural Livelihoods in the Central Eastern Cape of South Africa. Proceedings of an international workshop held at Ghent University, Belgium, June 2000. pp 12-15.
59. Van Averbeke W, Harris A.P, Mbuti C and Bennett J 1998. An Analysis of Land, Livelihoods, Governance and Infrastructure in Two Settlements in Former Ciskei. Report for Land Reform Research Programme II, ARDRI, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
60. Van Averbeke W and Marais JN 1991. An Evaluation of Ciskeian Ecotopes for Rainfed Cropping: Final Report. ARDRI, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
61. Van Oudtshoorn FP 1992. A Guide to Grasses of South Africa. Briza Publications, Cape Town, South Africa.
62. Van Zyl EA and Dannhauser CS 2005. An evaluation of grazing value of maize and companion crops for wintering lactating ewes. In: Milne JA (ed) Pastoral Systems in Marginal Environments. Proceedings of the XXth International Grassland Congress, Glasgow. Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. p 117.
63. Verdoodt A, Van Ranst E and Van Averbeke W 2003. Modelling crop production potentials for yield gap analysis under semi-arid conditions in Guquka, South Africa. Soil Use Management 19(4): 372-380.
64. Wallis de Vries M. and Daleboudt C 1994. Foraging strategy of cattle in patchy grassland. Oecologia 100: 98-106.