메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 471-497

Mechanistic analysis of the fire performance of a fire retardant system

Author keywords

Activation energy; Bromine; Fire performance; Fire retardant; Hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS); Kinetics of pyrolysis; Phosphorus; Polypropylene

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATION ENERGY; AMINES; BROMINE; PHOSPHORUS; POLYPROPYLENES; PYROLYSIS; THERMOANALYSIS;

EID: 36248974096     PISSN: 07349041     EISSN: 15308049     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0734904107081106     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (19)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 2342544273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of de facto Standard Catalysts in the Polypropylene Industry
    • Kojoh, S.-I. and Kashiwa, N. (2004). Establishment of de facto Standard Catalysts in the Polypropylene Industry, The Chemical Record, 3: 342 - 349.
    • (2004) The Chemical Record , vol.3 , pp. 342-349
    • Kojoh, S.-I.1    Kashiwa, N.2
  • 4
    • 0242675196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halogen-containing fire-retardant compounds
    • Grand, A.F. and Wilkie, C.A. (eds), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
    • Georlette, P., Simons, J. and Costa, L. (2000). Halogen-containing Fire-retardant Compounds, In: Grand, A.F. and Wilkie, C.A. (eds), Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, pp. 245 - 284, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
    • (2000) Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials , pp. 245-284
    • Georlette, P.1    Simons, J.2    Costa, L.3
  • 5
    • 0020500509 scopus 로고
    • Methods for the Fire Protection of Plastics and Coatings by Flame Retardant and Intumescent Systems, Progress
    • Troitzsch, J.H. (1983). Methods for the Fire Protection of Plastics and Coatings by Flame Retardant and Intumescent Systems, Progress in Organic Coatings, 11 (1). 41 - 69.
    • (1983) Organic Coatings , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-69
    • Troitzsch, J.H.1
  • 7
    • 0242659837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Review of Flame Retardant Polypropylene Fibres, Progress
    • Zhang, S. and Horrocks, A.R. (2003). A Review of Flame Retardant Polypropylene Fibres, Progress in Polymer Science, 28 (11). 1517 - 1538.
    • (2003) Polymer Science , vol.28 , Issue.11 , pp. 1517-1538
    • Zhang, S.1    Horrocks, A.R.2
  • 8
    • 33646354675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergists, adjuvants, and antagonists in flame-retardant systems
    • Grand, A.F. and Wilkie, C.A. (eds), Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, NY.
    • Weil, E.D. (2000). Synergists, Adjuvants, and Antagonists in Flame-retardant Systems, In: Grand, A.F. and Wilkie, C.A. (eds), Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, pp. 115 - 145, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, NY.
    • (2000) Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials , pp. 115-145
    • Weil, E.D.1
  • 9
    • 0032638937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic and Catalytic Effects in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials - An Overview
    • Lewin, M. (1999). Synergistic and Catalytic Effects in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials - An Overview, Journal of Fire Sciences, 17 (1). 3 - 19.
    • (1999) Journal of Fire Sciences , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-19
    • Lewin, M.1
  • 10
    • 36248974513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flame retardants
    • Zweifel, H. (ed.), 5th edn, Hanser Publishers, Munich.
    • Ranken, P.F. (2000). Flame Retardants, In: Zweifel, H. (ed.), Plastics Additives Handbook, pp. 681 - 698, 5 th edn, Hanser Publishers, Munich.
    • (2000) Plastics Additives Handbook , pp. 681-698
    • Ranken, P.F.1
  • 11
    • 0022751876 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and Properties of 4-Hydroxy-2,3,5,6-Tetrabromobenzyl Phosphonates and Effects of their Flame Retardance on Impact Polystyrene, Journal of Applied
    • Yang, C.-P. and Lee, T.-W. (1986). Synthesis and Properties of 4-Hydroxy-2,3,5,6-Tetrabromobenzyl Phosphonates and Effects of their Flame Retardance on Impact Polystyrene, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 32 (1). 3005 - 3025.
    • (1986) Polymer Science , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 3005-3025
    • Yang, C.-P.1    Lee, T.-W.2
  • 12
    • 0037033752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Synergists for Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers
    • Gijsman, P. (2002). New Synergists for Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers, Polymer, 43: 1573 - 1579.
    • (2002) Polymer , vol.43 , pp. 1573-1579
    • Gijsman, P.1
  • 13
    • 36248983552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SpecialChem. Hindered amine stabilizers, http://www. specialchem4adhesives.com/tc/uv-light-stabilizers/index.aspx?id=hals (Last accessed Feb 2007 ).
    • (2007) SpecialChem. Hindered Amine Stabilizers
  • 14
    • 0033713012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photooxidation of Fire Retarded Polypropylene. III. Mechanism of HAS Inactivation
    • Sinturel, C., Lemaire, J. and Gardette, J.-L. (2000). Photooxidation of Fire Retarded Polypropylene. III. Mechanism of HAS Inactivation, European Polymer Journal, 36: 1431 - 1443.
    • (2000) European Polymer Journal , vol.36 , pp. 1431-1443
    • Sinturel, C.1    Lemaire, J.2    Gardette, J.-L.3
  • 15
    • 22544486630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of Brominated Flame Retardant Thermal Decomposition Products on HALS
    • Antos, K. and Sedlar, J. (2005). Influence of Brominated Flame Retardant Thermal Decomposition Products on HALS, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 90: 188 - 194.
    • (2005) Polymer Degradation and Stability , vol.90 , pp. 188-194
    • Antos, K.1    Sedlar, J.2
  • 16
    • 33744507418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Will Additives Shape the Future of Plastics?
    • Pfaendner, R. (2006). How Will Additives Shape the Future of Plastics?, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 91: 2249 - 2256.
    • (2006) Polymer Degradation and Stability , vol.91 , pp. 2249-2256
    • Pfaendner, R.1
  • 21
    • 36248929183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimony Free Flame Retardant Systems Containing Flamestab NOR 116 for Polypropylene Molding
    • Kaprinidis, N., Shields, P. and Leslie, G. (2002). Antimony Free Flame Retardant Systems Containing Flamestab NOR 116 For Polypropylene Molding, Flame Retardants Conference 2002, London.
    • Flame Retardants Conference
    • Kaprinidis, N.1    Shields, P.2    Leslie, G.3
  • 23
    • 33845205050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitroxyl Radicals and Nitroxylethers beyond Stabilization: Radical Generators for Efficient Polymer Modification
    • Pfaendner, R. (2006). Nitroxyl Radicals and Nitroxylethers beyond Stabilization: Radical Generators for Efficient Polymer Modification, C. R. Chimie, 9: 1338 - 1344.
    • (2006) C. R. Chimie , vol.9 , pp. 1338-1344
    • Pfaendner, R.1
  • 26
    • 1542575288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flame Retardancy Performance of Various UL94 Classified Materials Exposed to External Ignition Sources
    • Hong, S., Yang, J., Ahn, S., Mun, Y. and Lee, G. (2004). Flame Retardancy Performance of Various UL94 Classified Materials Exposed to External Ignition Sources, Fire and Materials, 28 (1). 25 - 31.
    • (2004) Fire and Materials , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-31
    • Hong, S.1    Yang, J.2    Ahn, S.3    Mun, Y.4    Lee, G.5
  • 28
    • 0033908157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechansim of Condensed Phase Action in Flame Retardants. Synergistic Systems Based on Halogen-metal Compounds
    • Costa, L., Luda, M.P. and Trossarelli, L. (2000). Mechansim of Condensed Phase Action in Flame Retardants. Synergistic Systems Based on Halogen-metal Compounds, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 68: 67 - 74.
    • (2000) Polymer Degradation and Stability , vol.68 , pp. 67-74
    • Costa, L.1    Luda, M.P.2    Trossarelli, L.3
  • 31
    • 36249004731 scopus 로고
    • The effects of FR agents on polymer performance
    • Babrauskas, V. and Grayson, S.J. (eds), Elsevier Applied Science, London.
    • Babrauskas, V. (1992). The Effects of FR Agents on Polymer Performance, In: Babrauskas, V. and Grayson, S.J. (eds), Heat Release in Fires, pp. 423 - 446, Elsevier Applied Science, London.
    • (1992) Heat Release in Fires , pp. 423-446
    • Babrauskas, V.1
  • 32
    • 0021439088 scopus 로고
    • Development of the Cone Calorimeter - A Bench Scale Heat Release Apparatus Based on Oxygen Consumption
    • Babrauskas, V. (1984). Development of the Cone Calorimeter - A Bench Scale Heat Release Apparatus Based on Oxygen Consumption, Fire and Materials, 8 (2). 81.
    • (1984) Fire and Materials , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 81
    • Babrauskas, V.1
  • 33
    • 36249016658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoke development of fire effluents
    • Troitzsch, J. (ed.), 3rd edn, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, Germany.
    • Koppers, M. (2004). Smoke Development of Fire Effluents, In: Troitzsch, J. (ed.), Plastics Flammability Handbook: Principles, Regulations, Testing and Approval, pp. 612 - 627, 3 rd edn, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, Germany.
    • (2004) Plastics Flammability Handbook: Principles, Regulations, Testing and Approval , pp. 612-627
    • Koppers, M.1
  • 35
    • 6444237288 scopus 로고
    • A New Analysis of Thermogravimetric Traces
    • Horowitz, H.H. and Metzger, G. (1963). A New Analysis of Thermogravimetric Traces, Analytical Chemistry, 35 (10). 1464 - 1474.
    • (1963) Analytical Chemistry , vol.35 , Issue.10 , pp. 1464-1474
    • Horowitz, H.H.1    Metzger, G.2
  • 36
    • 0001697354 scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical Aspects of the Pyrolysis of Coal and Related Organic Compounds
    • Van Krevelen, D.E., Van Heerden, C. and Huntjens, F.J. (1951). Physicochemical Aspects of the Pyrolysis of Coal and Related Organic Compounds, Fuel, 30 (11). 253 - 259.
    • (1951) Fuel , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 253-259
    • Van Krevelen, D.E.1    Van Heerden, C.2    Huntjens, F.J.3
  • 37
    • 0348240725 scopus 로고
    • The importance of intumescence and char in polymer fire retardance
    • Kuryla, W.C. and Papa, A.J. (eds), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, N.Y.
    • Hindersinn, R.R. and Witschard, G. (1978). The Importance of Intumescence and Char in Polymer Fire Retardance, In: Kuryla, W.C. and Papa, A.J. (eds), Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, 4, pp. 1 - 107, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, N.Y.
    • (1978) Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials , vol.4 , pp. 1-107
    • Hindersinn, R.R.1    Witschard, G.2
  • 38
    • 0023542885 scopus 로고
    • Performance and Mechanisms of Fire Retardants in Polymers - A Review
    • Camino, G. and Costa, L. (1988). Performance and Mechanisms of Fire Retardants in Polymers - A Review, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 20 (3-4). 271 - 294.
    • (1988) Polymer Degradation and Stability , vol.20 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 271-294
    • Camino, G.1    Costa, L.2
  • 40
    • 0016656362 scopus 로고
    • Candle-type test for flammability of polymers
    • Lewin, M., Atlas, S.M. and Pearce, E.M. (eds), Plenum Press, New York.
    • Fenimore, C.P. (1975). Candle-type Test for Flammability of Polymers, In: Lewin, M., Atlas, S.M. and Pearce, E.M. (eds), Flame Retardant Polymeric Materials, Vol. 1, pp. 371 - 397, Plenum Press, New York.
    • (1975) Flame Retardant Polymeric Materials , pp. 371-397
    • Fenimore, C.P.1
  • 41
    • 0031221039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Cone Calorimeter Study of Flame Retardance and Smoke Emission of PVC. I. the Effect of Cuprous and Molybdic Oxides
    • Li, B. and Wang, J. (1997). A Cone Calorimeter Study of Flame Retardance and Smoke Emission of PVC. I. The Effect of Cuprous and Molybdic Oxides, Journal of Fire Sciences, 15 (5). 341 - 357.
    • (1997) Journal of Fire Sciences , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 341-357
    • Li, B.1    Wang, J.2
  • 42
    • 0019172529 scopus 로고
    • Heat Release Rate in Fires
    • Tewarson, A. (1980). Heat Release Rate in Fires, Fire and Materials, 4 (4). 185 - 191.
    • (1980) Fire and Materials , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 185-191
    • Tewarson, A.1
  • 43
    • 84990131890 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the Thermal Degradation of Polypropylene Fibres
    • Gambiroza-Jukic, M. and Cunko, R. (1992). Kinetics of the Thermal Degradation of Polypropylene Fibres, Acta Polymerica, 43 (5). 258 - 260.
    • (1992) Acta Polymerica , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 258-260
    • Gambiroza-Jukic, M.1    Cunko, R.2
  • 44
    • 0015941706 scopus 로고
    • Studies of Decomposition of Polymer Blends by Thermogravimetric Method
    • Mucha, M. and Kryszewski, M. (1973). Studies of Decomposition of Polymer Blends by Thermogravimetric Method, Journal of Polymer Science, Symposium No. 42: 1313 - 1320.
    • (1973) Journal of Polymer Science , Issue.42 , pp. 1313-1320
    • Mucha, M.1    Kryszewski, M.2
  • 45
    • 0032132186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermogravimentric Evaluation of the Kinetics of Decomposition of Polyolefin Blends
    • Albano, C. and De Freitas, E. (1998). Thermogravimentric Evaluation of the Kinetics of Decomposition of Polyolefin Blends, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 61 (2). 289 - 295.
    • (1998) Polymer Degradation and Stability , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 289-295
    • Albano, C.1    De Freitas, E.2
  • 46
    • 25444458542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compatibility Effect on the Thermal Degradation Behaviour of Polypropylene Blends with Polyamide 6, Ethylene Propylene Diene Copolymer and Polyurethane
    • Roeder, J., Oliveira, R.V.B., Becker, D., Goncalves, M.W., Soldi, V. and Pires, A.T.N. (2005). Compatibility Effect on the Thermal Degradation Behaviour of Polypropylene Blends with Polyamide 6, Ethylene Propylene Diene Copolymer and Polyurethane, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 90 (3). 481 - 487.
    • (2005) Polymer Degradation and Stability , vol.90 , Issue.3 , pp. 481-487
    • Roeder, J.1    Oliveira, R.V.B.2    Becker, D.3    Goncalves, M.W.4    Soldi, V.5    Pires, A.T.N.6
  • 47
    • 0016986105 scopus 로고
    • Pyrolysis-molecular Weight Chromatography: A New On-line System for Analysis of Polymers. II. Thermal Decomposition of Polyolefins: Polyethylene, Polypropylene
    • Kiran, E. and Gillham, J.K. (1976). Pyrolysis-molecular Weight Chromatography: A New On-line System for Analysis of Polymers. II. Thermal Decomposition of Polyolefins: Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Polyisobutylene, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 20 (8). 2045 - 2068.
    • (1976) Polyisobutylene, Journal of Applied Polymer Science , vol.20 , Issue.8 , pp. 2045-2068
    • Kiran, E.1    Gillham, J.K.2
  • 48
    • 0027647267 scopus 로고
    • Direct Analysis of Polypropylene Compounds by Thermal Desorption and Pyrolysis-Mass Spectrometry
    • Lattimer, R.P. (1993). Direct Analysis of Polypropylene Compounds by Thermal Desorption and Pyrolysis-Mass Spectrometry, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 26 (2). 65 - 92.
    • (1993) Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 65-92
    • Lattimer, R.P.1
  • 49
    • 0029254255 scopus 로고
    • Pyrolysis Field Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Polyolefins
    • Lattimer, R.P. (1995). Pyrolysis Field Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Polyolefins, Journal of Applied and Analytical Pyrolysis, 31 (February): 203 - 225.
    • (1995) Journal of Applied and Analytical Pyrolysis , vol.31 , pp. 203-225
    • Lattimer, R.P.1
  • 50
    • 0033237845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution Kinetics for Temperature-programmed Pyrolysis
    • McCoy, B.J. (1999). Distribution Kinetics for Temperature-programmed Pyrolysis, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 38 (12). 4531 - 4537.
    • (1999) Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research , vol.38 , Issue.12 , pp. 4531-4537
    • McCoy, B.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.