CS-duration and partial-reinforcement effects counteract overshadowing in select situations

Learning and Behavior

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 201-213

  Urushihara, Kouji ^a   Miller, Ralph R ^b  

^a HEALTH SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF HOKKAIDO   (Japan)

^b BINGHAMTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONDITIONING; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; REINFORCEMENT; STIMULUS RESPONSE;

EID: 36148964422     PISSN: 15434494     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3758/BF03206426     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. BLAISDELL, A. P., BRISTOL, A. S., GUNTHER, L. M., & MILLER, R. R. (1998). Overshadowing and latent inhibition counteract each other: Support for the comparator hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 24, 335-351.
2. BOUTON, M. E., & SUNSAY, C. (2003). Importance of trials versus accumulating time across trials in partially reinforced appetitive conditioning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 29, 62-77.
3. COLEMAN, D. A. JR., HEMMES, N. S., & BROWN, B. L. (1986). Relative duration of conditioned stimulus and intertrial interval in conditioned suppression. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 46, 51-66.
4. DENNISTON, J. C., SAVASTANO, H. I., & MILLER, R. R. (2001). The extended comparator hypothesis: Learning by contiguity, responding by relative strength. In R. R. Mowrer & S. B. Klein (Eds.), Handbook of contemporary learning theories (pp. 65-117). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
5. DICKINSON, A., & BURKE, J. (1996). Within-compound associations mediate the retrospective revaluation of causality judgments. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 49B, 60-80.
6. GALLISTEL, C. R., & GIBBON, J. (2000). Time, rate, and conditioning. Psychological Review, 107, 289-344.
7. GIBBON, J., BALDOCK, M. D., LOCURTO, C. M., GOLD, L., & TERRACE, H. S. (1977). Trial and intertrial durations in autoshaping. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 3, 264-284.
8. GIBBON, J., & BALSAM, P. (1981). Spreading association in time. In C. M. Locurto, H. S. Terrace, & J. Gibbon (Eds.), Autoshaping and conditioning theory (pp. 219-253). New York: Academic Press.
9. GIBBON, J., FARRELL, L., LOCURTO, C. M., DUNCAN, H. J., & TERRACE, H. S. (1980). Partial reinforcement in autoshaping with pigeons. Animal Learning & Behavior, 8, 45-59.
10. ISHII, K. (1999). Attenuation of latent inhibition after compound conditioning. Japanese Psychological Research, 41, 102-111.
11. JENKINS, H. M., BARNES, R. A., & BARRERA, F. J. (1981). Why autoshaping depends on trial spacing. In C. M. Locurto, H. S. Terrace, & J. Gibbon (Eds.), Autoshaping and conditioning theory (pp. 255-284). New York: Academic Press.
12. LOY, I., & HALL, G. (2002). Taste aversion after ingestion of lithium chloride: An associative analysis. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55B, 365-380.
13. MACKINTOSH, N. J. (1975). A theory of attention: Variations in the associability of stimuli with reinforcements. Psychological Review, 82, 276-298.
14. MILLER, R. R., & ESCOBAR, M. E. (2002). Learning: Laws and models of basic conditioning. In H. Pashler (Series Ed.), C.R. Gallistel (Vol. Ed.), Stevens' Handbook of experimental psychology: Vol. 3. Learning, motivation, and emotion (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley.
15. MILLER, R. R., & MATZEL, L. D. (1988). The comparator hypothesis: A response rule for the expression of associations. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 22, pp. 51-92). Orlando: Academic Press.
16. PAPINI, M. R., & OVERMIER, J. B. (1985). Partial reinforcement and autoshaping of the Pigeon's key-peck behavior. Learning & Motivation, 16, 109-123.
17. PAVLOV, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activities of the cerebral cortex. London: Oxford University Press.
18. PEARCE, J. M., & HALL, G. (1980). A model for Pavlovian learning: Variations in the effectiveness of conditioned but not of unconditioned stimuli. Psychological Review, 87, 532-552.
19. RESCORLA, R. A., & WAGNER, A. R. (1972). A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. In A. H. Black & W. F. Prokasy (Eds.), Classical conditioning II: Current research and theory (pp. 64-99). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
20. STEIN, L., SIDMAN, M., & BRADY, J. V. (1958). Some effect of two temporal variables in conditioned suppression. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1, 153-162.
21. STOUT, S. C., CHANG, R., & MILLER, R. R. (2003). Trial spacing as a determinant of cue competition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 29, 23-38.
22. STOUT, S. C., & MILLER, R. R. (2007). Sometimes competing retrieval (SOCR): A mathematical implementation of the extended comparator hypothesis. Psychological Review, 114, 759-783.
23. URCELAY, G. P., & MILLER, R. R. (2006). Counteraction of overshadowing and degraded contingency treatments: Support for the extended comparator hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 32, 21-32.
24. URUSHIHARA, K., & MILLER, R. R. (2006). Overshadowing and the outcome-alone exposure effect counteract each other. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 32, 253-270.
25. URUSHIHARA, K., STOUT, S. C., & MILLER, R. R. (2004). The basic laws of conditioning differ for elemental cues and cues trained in compound. Psychological Science, 15, 268-271.
26. VAN HAMME, L. J., & WASSERMAN, E. A. (1994). Cue competition in causality judgments: The role of nonpresentation of compound stimulus elements. Learning & Motivation, 25, 127-151.
27. WAGNER, A. R. (1981). SOP: A model of autonomic memory processing in animal behavior. In N. E. Spear & R. R. Miller (Eds.), Information processing in animals: Memory mechanisms (pp. 1-47). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
28. WAGNER, A. R., SIEGEL, S., THOMAS, E., & ELLISON, G. D. (1964). Reinforcement history and the extinction of a conditioned salivary response. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 58, 354-358.