AVP effects and water channels in non-neuronal CNS cells

Advances in Molecular and Cell Biology

Volumn 31, Issue , 2003, Pages 747-771

  Chen, Ye ^b   Spatz, Maria ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 36148939469     PISSN: 15692558     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1569-2558(03)31033-1     Document Type: Review

References (164)

1. T Amedee A Robert J.A Coles Potassium homeostasis and glial energy metabolism Glia 21 1997 46 55
2. J Baduat L Hirt C Granziera J Bogousslavsky P.J Magistretti L Regli Astrocyte-specific expression of aquaporin-9 in mouse brain is increased after transient focal cerebral ischemia J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 21 2001 477 482
3. J Badaut F Lasbennes P.J Magistretti L Regli Aquaporins in brain: distribution, physiology, and pathophysiology J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 22 2002 367 378
4. G.H Beagley G.I Hatton Systemic signals contribute to induced morphological changes in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system Brain Res. Bull. 33 1994 211 218
5. M.W.B Bradbury The Concept of a Blood–Brain Barrier 1979 Wiley Chichester
6. J.E Bruni Ependymal development, proliferation, and functions: a review Microsc. Res. Tech. 41 1998 2 13
7. J.P.H Burbach R.A Adan S.J Lolait F.W van Leeuwen E Nezey M Palkovits C Barberis Molecular neurobiology and pharmacology of the vasopressin/oxytocin receptor family Cell Mol. Neurobiol. 15 1995 573 595
8. Y Chen J.R McNeill I Hajek L Hertz Effect of vasopressin on brain swelling at the cellular level—do astrocytes exhibit a furosemide–vasopressin-sensitive mechanism for volume regulation? Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 70 1992 S367 S373
9. 3 receptors but has no effect in mature cortical neurons J. Neurosci. Res. 60 2000 761 766
10. A Chodobski Y.P Loh S Corsetti J Szmydynger-Chobodska C.E Johanson Y.P Lim P.R Monfils The presence of arginine vasopressin and its mRNA in rat choroid plexus epithelium Mol. Brain Res. 48 1997 67 72
11. A Chodobski J Szmydynger-Chobodska Choroid plexus: target for polypeptides and site of their synthesis Microsc. Res. Tech. 52 2001 65 82
12. A Chodobski J Szmydynger-Chobodska M.J McKinley Cerebrospinal fluid formation and absorption in dehydrated sheep Am. J. Physiol. 275 1998 F235 F238
13. A Chodobski B.E Wojcik Y Peng Loh K.A Dodd J Szmydynger-Chobodska C.E Johanson D.M Demers Z.G Chun N.P Limthong Vasopressin gene expression in rat choroid plexus Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 449 1998 59 65
14. 22Na in the cerebrospinal fluid J. Physiol. Lond. 209 1970 131 153
15. M.R Del Bigio S Fedoroff Swelling of astroglia in vitro and the effect of arginine vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide Acta Neurochir. Suppl. (Wien) 51 1990 14 16
16. A.I Dibas A.J Mia T Yorio Aquaporins (water channels): role in vasopressin-activated water transport Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 219 1998 183 199
17. L.D Dickinson A.L Betz Attenuated development of ischemic brain edema in vasopressin-deficient rats J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 12 1992 681 690
18. I Dietzel U Heinemann G Hofmeier H.D Lux Transient changes in the size of the extracellular space in the sensorimotor cortex of cats in relation to stimulus-induced changes in potassium concentration Exp. Brain Res. 40 1980 432 439
19. T Doczi F Joo P Szerdahelhy M Bodosi Regulation of brain water and electrolyte contents: the opposite actions of central vasopressin and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) Acta Neurochir. 43 1988 186 188
20. M Elkjaer Z Vajda L.N Nejsum T Kwon U.B Jensen M Amiry-Moghaddam J Frokiaer S Nielsen Immunolocolazation of AQP9 in liver, epididymis, testis, spleen, and brain Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 276 2000 1118 1128
21. +-ATPase catalytic polypeptide in mouse choroid plexus J. Histochem. Cytochem. 34 1986 189 195
22. F.M Faraci W.G Mayhan W.J Farrell D.D Heistad Humoral regulation of blood flow to choroid plexus: role of arginine vasopressin Circ. Res. 63 1988 373 379
23. 1)-receptors Am. J. Physiol. 258 1990 R94 R98
24. B Gajkowska A Viron Protracted elevation of endothelin immunoreactivity in hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system after ischemia Folia Neuropathol. 35 1997 107 114
25. C Garner P.D Brown Two types of chloride channel in the apical membrane of rat choroid plexus epithelial cells Brain Res. 591 1992 137 145
26. E Gebke A.R Muller U Pehl R Gerstberger Astrocytes in sensory circumventricular organs of the rat brain express functional binding sites for endothelin Neuroscience 97 2000 371 381
27. J.E Goldman B Abramson Cyclic AMP-induced shape changes of astrocytes are accompanied by rapid depolymerization of actin Brain Res. 528 1990 189 196
28. +)ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3.) of bulk isolated glia, perikarya and synaptosomes from rabbit brain cortex Brain Res. 165 1979 87 103
29. + and/or noradrenaline Neurochem. Int. 28 1996 335 342
30. Z Han M.B Wax R.V Patil Regulation of aquaporin-4 water channels by phorbol ester-dependent protein phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem. 273 1998 6001 6004
31. G.I Hatton Function-related plasticity in hypothalamus Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 20 1997 375 397
32. G.I Hatton Astroglial modulation of neurotransmitter/peptide release from the neurohypophysis: present status J. Chem. Neuroanat. 16 1999 203 222
33. 1-receptor activation in astrocytes (pituicytes) cultured from adult rat neural lobes Brain Res. 588 1992 75 83
34. G.I Hatton L.S Perlmutter A.K Salm C.D Tweedle Dynamic neuronal-glial interactions in hypothalamus and pituitary: implications for control of hormone synthesis and release Peptides 5 Suppl. 1 1984 121 138
35. U Heinemann H.D Lux Undershoots following stimulus-induced rises of extracellular potassium concentration in the cerebral cortex of cat Brain Res. 93 1975 63 76
36. 1b receptor in the rat brain and pituitary gland: anatomical support for its involvement in the central effects of vasopressin Endocrinology 142 2001 1659 1668
37. L Hertz Regulation of potassium homeostasis by glial cells. G Levi Development and Function of Glial Cells 1990 Wiley-Liss New York 225 234
38. L Hertz Y Chen M Spatz Involvement of non-neuronal brain cells in AVP-mediated regulation of water space at the cellular, organ, and whole-body level J. Neurosci. Res. 62 2000 480 490
39. L Hertz Y Chen M Spatz Effects of arginine vasopressin on water space in astrocytes and in whole-brain Am. J. Physiol. 278 2000 E1175 E1176
40. J Hess C.V Jensen N.H Diemer The vasopressin receptor of the blood–brain barrier in the rat hippocampus is linked to calcium signaling Neurosci. Lett. 132 1991 8 10
41. T Imai Y Hirata T Emori M Yanagisawa T Masaki F Marumo Induction of endothelin-1 gene by angiotensin and vasopressin in endothelial cells Hypertension 19 1992 753 757
42. S Jard R.C Gaillard G Guillon J Marie P Schoenenberg A.F Muller M Manning W.H Sawyer Vasopressin antagonists allow demonstration of a novel type of vasopressin receptor in the rat adenohypophysis Mol. Pharmacol. 30 1986 171 177
43. C.R Jarvis R.D Andrew Correlated electrophysiology and morphology of the ependyma in rat hypothalamus J. Neurosci. 8 1988 3691 3702
44. − efflux and increase in dark cell number in choroid plexus epithelium Am. J. Physiol. 276 1999 C82 C90
45. H.C Jones R.F Keep Brain fluid calcium concentration and response to acute hypercalcaemia during development in the rat J. Physiol. 402 1988 579 593
46. J.S Jung R.V Bhat G.M Preston W.B Guggino J.M Baraban P Agre Molecular characterization of an aquaporin cDNA from brain: candidate osmoreceptor and regulator of water balance Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91 1994 13052 13056
47. M Jurzak A.R Muller R Gerstberger Characterization of vasopressin receptors in cultured cells derived from the region of rat brain circumventricular organs Neuroscience 65 1995 145 1159
48. L Katay L Latzkovits A Fonagy Z Janka A Lajtha Effects of arginine vasopressin and atriopeptin on chloride uptake in cultured astroglia Neurochem. Res. 23 1998 831 836
49. 2 receptor mRNA in rat brain Differentiation 59 1995 163 169
50. N Kawai R.M McCarron M Spatz Endothelins stimulate sodium uptake into rat brain capillary endothelial cells through endothelin A-like receptors Neurosci. Lett. 190 1995 85 88
51. A receptors and protein kinase C-dependent pathway in cerebral capillary endothelium J. Neurochem. 65 1995 1588 1596
52. N Kawai T Yamamoto H Yamamoto R.M McCarron M Spatz Functional characterization of endothelin receptors on cultured brain capillary endothelial cells of the rat Neurochem. Int. 31 1997 597 605
53. R.F Keep L.J Ulanski 2nd J Xiang S.R Ennis L.A Betz Blood–brain barrier mechanisms involved in brain calcium and potassium homeostasis Brain Res. 815 1999 200 205
54. R.F Keep J Xiang A.L Betz Potassium transport at the blood–brain and blood–CSF barriers Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 331 1993 43 54
55. R.F Keep J Xiang A.L Betz Potassium cotransport at the rat choroid plexus Am. J. Physiol. 267 1994 1616 1622
56. A Klarr L.J Ulanski W Stummer J Xiang A.L Betz R.F Keep Effects of hypo- and hyperkalemia on choroid plexus potassium transport Brain Res. 758 1997 39 44
57. I Klatzo Pathophysiological aspects of brain edema Acta Neuropathol. (Berl) 72 1987 236 239
58. H Kobayashi S Minami S Itoh S Shiraishi H Yokoo T Yanagita Y Uezono M Mohri A Wada Aquaporin subtypes in rat cerebral microvessels Neurosci. Lett. 197 2001 163 166
59. H Kobayashi S Minami S Itoh H Yokoo T Yanagita T Sugano B Kis Y Ueta A Wada Aquaporin subtypes expressed in rat cerebral microvessels: effect of hypoxia Soc. Neurosci. 2002 Abstract
60. Y Koyama A Baba Endothelins are extracellular signals modulating cytoskeletal actin organization in rat cultured astrocytes Neuroscience 61 1994 1007 1016
61. Y Koyama A Baba Endothelin-induced cytoskeletal actin re-organization in cultured astrocytes: inhibition by C3 ADP-ribosyltransferase Glia 16 1996 342 350
62. M Lafarga M.T Berciano E del Olmo M.A Andres A Pazos Osmotic stimulation induces changes in the expression of beta-adrenergic receptors and nuclear volume of astrocytes in supraoptic nucleus of the rat Brain Res. 588 1992 311 316
63. M Lange U Pagotto U Hopfner H Ehrenreich R Oeckler F Sinowatz G.K Stalla Endothelin expression in normal human anterior pituitaries and pituitary adenomas J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79 1994 1864 1870
64. M Lange U Pagotto U Renner T Arzberger R Oeckler G.K Stalla The role of endothelins in the regulation of pituitary function Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diab. 110 2002 103 112
65. L Latzkovits H.F Cserr J.T Park C.S Patlak K.D Pettigrew A Rimanoczy Effects of arginine vasopressin and atriopeptin on glial cell volume measured as 3-MG space Am. J. Physiol. 264 1993 C603 C608
66. 5Tyr(Me)VP in the rat brain, pituitary and kidney Neurosci. Lett. 80 1987 121 126
67. J.R Lemos G Wang Excitatory versus inhibitory modulation by ATP of neurohypophysial terminal activity in the rat Exp. Physiol. 85 Spec No 2000 67S 74S
68. X.F Liu Y.M Shi B.C Lin Mechanism of action of arginine vasopressin on acute ischemic brain edema Chin. Med. J. 104 1991 480 483
69. J.H Livesey M.J Evans R Mulligan R.A Donald Interactions of CRH, AVP and cortisol in the secretion of ACTH from perifused equine anterior pituitary cells: “permissive” roles for cortisol and CRH Endocr. Res. 26 2000 445 463
70. M Ludwig Functional role of intrahypothalamic release of oxytocin and vasopressin: consequences and controversies Am. J. Physiol. 268 1995 E537 E545
71. T.G Luerssen G.L Robertson Cerebrospinal fluid vasopressin and vasotocin in health and diseases. J.H Wood Neurobiology of Cerebrospinal Fluid 1980 Plenum New York 613 623
72. T Ma B Yang A Gillespie E.J Carlson C.J Epstein A.S Verkman Generation and phenotype of a transgenic knockout mouse lacking the mercurial-insensitive water channel aquaporin-4 J. Clin. Invest. 100 1997 957 962
73. S Makino K Hashimoto R Hirasawa T Hattori Z Ota Central interaction between endothelin and brain natriuretic peptide on vasopressin secretion J. Hypertens. 10 1992 25 28
74. 1 receptors Anesthesiology 78 1993 72 82
75. L.K Malendowicz A.S Belloni G.G Nussdorfer A Hochol M Nowak Arginine–vasopressin and corticotropin-releasing hormone are sequentially involved in the endothelin-1-induced acute stimulation of rat pituitary-adrenocortical axis J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 66 1998 45 49
76. G.T Manley M Fujimura T Ma N Noshita F Filiz A.W Bollen P Chan A.S Verkman Aquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces brain edema after acute water intoxication and ischemic stroke Nat. Med. 6 2000 159 163
77. P.S Manoonkitiwongsa R.L Schultz W Wareesangtip E.F Whitter P.B Nava P.J McMillan Luminal localization of blood–brain barrier sodium, potassium adenosine triphosphatase is dependent on fixation J. Histochem. Cytochem. 48 2000 859 865
78. P.S Manoonkitiwongsa E.F Whitter R.L Schultz An in situ cytochemical evaluation of blood–brain barrier sodium, potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase polarity Brain Res. 798 1998 261 270
79. +-ATPase in the choroid plexus Brain Res. 302 1984 357 362
80. T.H McNiel J.R Sladek Simultaneous monoamine histofluorescence and neuropeptide immunocytochemistry: II. Correlative distribution of catecholamine varicosities and magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in the rat supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei J. Comp. Neurol. 193 1980 1023 1033
81. R.B Mecker R.S Greenwood J.N Hayward Glutamate is the major excitatory transmitter in the supraoptic nuclei Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 689 1993 636 639
82. +-ATPase in the rat brain Neurochem. Int. 21 1992 119 127
83. S Miyata K Furuya S Nakai H Bun T Kiyohara Morphological plasticity and rearrangement of cytoskeletons in pituicytes cultured from adult rat neurohypophysis Neurosci. Res. 33 1999 299 306
84. + exchange in choroid plexus and CSF in acute metabolic acidosis or alkalosis Am. J. Physiol. 258 1990 F1528 F1537
85. S Nagao M Kagawa I Bemana T Kuniyoshi T Ogawa Y Honma H Kuyama Treatment of vasogenic brain edema with arginine vasopressin receptor antagonist—an experimental study Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 60 1994 502 504
86. K Nakahama M Nagano A Fujioka K Shinoda H Sasaki Effect of TPA on aquaporin 4 mRNA expression in cultured rat astrocytes Glia 25 1999 240 246
87. S Nakamura M Naruse K Naruse S Shioda Y Nakai H Uemura Colocalization of immunoreactive endothelin-1 and neurohypophysial hormones in the axons of the neural lobe of the rat pituitary Endocrinology 132 1993 530 533
88. J.D Neely M Amiry-Moghaddam O.P Ottersen S.C Froehner P Agre M.E Adams Syntrophin-dependent expression and localization of Aquaporin-4 water channel protein Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98 2001 14108 14113
89. S Nielsen E.A Nagelhus M Amiry-Moghaddam C Bourque P Agre O.P Ottersen Specialized membrane domains for water transport in glial cells: high-resolution immunogold cytochemistry of aquaporin-4 in rat brain J. Neurosci. 17 1997 171 180
90. H Niermann M Amiry-Moghaddam K Holthoff O.W Witte O.P Ottersen A novel role of vasopressin in the brain: modulation of activity-dependent water flux in the neocortex J. Neurosci. 21 2001 3045 3051
91. E Norup U.W Smitt S.B Christensen The potencies of thapsigargin and analogues as activators of rat peritoneal mast cells Planta Med. 4 1986 251 255
92. − cotransport regulation by tonicity and hormones: phosphorylation of cotransport protein Am. J. Physiol. 269 1995 C1513 C1523
93. 1a receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in adult male rat brain, pineal and brain vasculature Endocrinology 135 1994 1511 1528
94. J Padmanabhan D Clayton M.L Shelanski Dibutyryl cyclic AMP-induced process formation in astrocytes is associated with a decrease in tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and paxillin J. Neurobiol. 39 1999 407 422
95. J.T Parmelee D Bairamian C.E Johanson Response of infant and adult rat choroid plexus potassium transporters to increased extracellular potassium Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 60 1991 229 233
96. R.V Patil Z Han M.B Wax Regulation of water channel activity of aquaporin-1 by arginine vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204 1997 861 866
97. − cotransporter, KCC3, in the central and peripheral nervous systems: expression in the choroid plexus, large neurons and white matter tracts Neuroscience 103 2001 481 491
98. − cotransporter BSC2 in the nervous system Am. J. Physiol. 272 1997 C173 C183
99. A.N van den Pol J.P Wuarin F.E Dudek Glutamate, the dominant excitary transmitter in neuroendocrine regulation Science 250 1990 1276 1278
100. M.E Raichle Hypothesis: a central neuroendocrine system regulates brain ion homeostasis and volume. J.B Martin S Reichlin K.L Bick Neurosecretion and Brain Peptides 1981 Raven Press New York 329 336
101. M.E Raichle R.L Grubb Jr. Regulation of brain water permeability by centrally-released vasopressin Brain Res. 143 1978 191 194
102. S.M Reppert R.J Coleman H.W Heath H.T Keutmann Circadian properties of vasopressin and melatonin rhythms in cat cerebrospinal fluid Am. J. Physiol. 243 1982 E489 E498
103. M.F Ritz E.L Stuenkel G Dayanithi R Jones J.J Nordmann Endothelin regulation of neuropeptide release from nerve endings of the posterior pituitary Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 89 1992 8371 8375
104. 1 receptor Adv. Neurol. 52 1990 149 154
105. G.A Rosenberg W.T Kyner J.D Fenstermacher C.S Patlak Effect of vasopressin on ependymal and capillary permeability to tritiated water in cat Am. J. Physiol. 251 1986 F485 F489
106. B receptor activation at hypothalamic and posterior pituitary sites on basal vasopressin secretion in vitro J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 6 1995 745
107. N.F Rossi H Chen Modulation of ET(B) receptor-induced arginine-vasopressin secretion by N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-dependent mechanisms in hypothalamo-neurohypophysial explants Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 103 Suppl. 48 2002 162S 166S
108. N.F Rossi D.S O'Leary T.J Scislo M.L Caspers H Chen Central endothelin 1 regulation of arterial pressure and arginine vasopressin secretion via the AV3V region Kidney Int. 61 1997 S22 S26
109. L Rosso B Peteri-Brunback V Vouret-Craviari C Deroanne J.D Troadec S Thirion E Van Obberghen-Schilling J.M Mienville RhoA inhibition is a key step in pituicyte stellation induced by A(1)-type adenosine receptor activation Glia 38 2002 351 362
110. L Rosso B Peteri-Brunback V Vouret-Craviari C Deroanne E Van Obberghen-Schilling J.M Mienville Vasopressin and oxytocin reverse adenosine-induced pituicyte stellation via calcium-dependent activation of Cdc42 Eur. J. Neurosci. 16 2002 2324 2332
111. G.M Rubanyi M.A Polokoff Endothelins: molecular biology, biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology, and pathophysiology Pharmacol. Rev. 46 1994 325 415
112. M.M Sanchez del Pino R.A Hawkins D.R Peterson Biochemical discrimination between luminal and abluminal enzyme and transport activities of the blood–brain barrier J. Biol. Chem. 270 1995 14907 14912
113. D Sarfaraz C.L Fraser Effects of arginine vasopressin on cell volume regulation in brain astrocytes in culture Am. J. Physiol. 276 1999 E596 E601
114. G.P Schielke H.C Moises A.L Betz Potassium activation of the Na,K-pump in isolated brain microvessels and synaptosomes Brain Res. 524 1990 291 296
115. W.J Schultz M.S Brownfield G.P Kozlowski The hypothalamo-choridal tract. II. Ultrastructural response of the choroid plexus to vasopressin Cell Tissue Res. 178 1977 129 141
116. M.B Segal A Chodobski J Szemydynger-chodobska H Cammish Effect of arginine vasopressin on blood vessels of the perfused choroid plexus of the sheep Prog. Brain Res. 91 1992 451 453
117. M.B Segal B.V Zlokovic The Blood–Brain Barrier, Amino Acids and Peptides 1990 Kluwer Academic Lancaster pp. 103–105
118. K Sobue N Yamamoto K Yoneda K Fujita Y Miura Y Asai T Tsuda H Katsuya T Kato Molecular cloning of two bovine aquaporin-4 cDNA isoforms and their expression in brain endothelial cells Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1489 1999 393 398
119. 2+ uptake by endothelin Neurochem. Res. 23 1998 1125 1132
120. M Spatz N Kawai N Merkel J Bembry R.M McCarron Functional properties of cultured endothelial cells derived from large microvessels of human brain Am. J. Physiol. 272 1997 C231 C239
121. M Spatz D Stanimirovic F Bacic S Uematsu J Bembry R.M McCarron Peptidergic induction of endothelin 1 and prostanoid secretion in human cerebromicrovascular endothelium. L.R Drewes A.L Betz Frontiers in Cerebral Vascular Biology: Transport and its Regulation 1993 Plenum Press New York 165 169
122. M Spatz D Stanimirovic F Bacic S Uematsu R.M McCarron Vasoconstrictive peptides induce endothelin-1 and prostanoids in cerebrovascular endothelium Am. J. Physiol. 266 1994 C654 C660
123. T Speake L.J Freeman P.D Brown Expression of aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 4 water channels in rat choroid plexus Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1609 2003 80 86
124. T Speake C Whitwell H Kajita A Majid P.D Brown Mechanisms of CSF secretion by the choroid plexus Microsc. Res. Tech. 52 2001 49 59
125. B Sperlagh Z Mergl Z Juranyi E.S Vizi G.B Makara Local regulation of vasopressin and oxytocin secretion by extracellular ATP in the isolated posterior lobe of the rat hypophysis J. Endocrinol. 160 1999 343 350
126. − cotransporter-null mice exhibit absence of swelling and decrease in EAA release Am. J. Physiol. 282 2002 C1147 C1160
127. o-induced swelling and EAA release in astrocytes Am. J. Physiol. 282 2002 C1136 C1146
128. − cotransporter in brain microvascular endothelial cells Am. J. Physiol. 269 1995 C1505 C1512
129. K.J Sweadner Na,K-ATPase and its isoforms. H Kettenmann B.R Ransom Neuroglia 1995 Oxford University Press New York 259 272
130. + accumulation in the central nervous system Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 42 1983 135 189
131. K Takahashi M.A Ghatei P.M Jones J.K Murphy H.C Lam D.J O'Halloran S.R Bloom Endothelin in human brain and pituitary gland: presence of immunoreactive endothelin, endothelin messenger ribonucleic acid, and endothelin receptors J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72 1991 693 699
132. − co-transport in primary cultures of astrocytes Biochim. Biophys. Acta 903 1987 411 416
133. D.T Theodosis D.A Poulain J.D Vincent Possible morphological bases for synchronisation of neuronal firing in the rat supraoptic nucleus during lactation Neuroscience 6 1981 919 929
134. 3 pituitary vasopressin receptor: ligand binding profile and density-dependent signaling pathways Endocrinology 138 1997 4109 4122
135. 2+ elevations in cultured astroglia induced by neuroligands playing a role in cerebral ischemia Acta Chir. Hung. 36 1997 362 363
136. 1a receptor antagonist SR-49059 in the rat brain: an in vitro and in vivo autoradiographic study Neuroendocrinology 69 1999 113 120
137. 2X2 purinoceptor J. Physiol. 511 1998 89 103
138. A Tse A.K Lee Arginine vasopressin triggers intracellular calcium release, a calcium-activated potassium current and exocytosis in identified rat corticotropes Endocrinology 139 1998 2246 2252
139. C.D Tweedle G.I Hatton Ultrastructural changes in rat hypothalamic neurosecretory cells and their associated glia during minimal dehydration and rehydration Cell Tissue Res. 181 1977 59 72
140. Z Vajda M Pedersen E.M Fuchtbauer K Wertz H Stodkilde-Jorgensen E Sulyok T Doczi J.D Neely P Agre J Frokiaer S Nielsen Delayed onset of brain edema and mislocalization of aquaporin-4 in dystrophin-null transgenic mice Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99 2002 13131 13136
141. C Van Renterghem P Vigne C Frelin A charybdotoxin-sensitive Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel with inward rectifying properties in brain microvascular endothelial cells: properties and activation by endothelins J. Neurochem. 65 1995 1274 1281
142. J.L Venero M.L Vizuete A Machado J Cano Aquaporins in the central nervous system Prog. Neurobiol. 63 2001 321 336
143. J.L Venero M.L Vizuete A.A Ilundain A Machado M Echevarria J Cano Detailed localization of aquaporin-4 messenger RNA in the CNS: preferential expression in periventricular organs Neuroscience 94 1999 239 250
144. − cotransporter of brain capillary endothelial cells. Properties and regulation by endothelins, hyperosmolar solutions, calyculin A, and interleukin-1 J. Biol. Chem. 269 1994 19925 19930
145. H Vorherr M.W Bradbury M Hoghoughi C.R Kleeman Antidiuretic hormone in cerebrospinal fluid during endogenous and exogenous changes in its blood level Endocrinology 83 1968 246 250
146. G.J de Vries M.A Miller Anatomy and function of extrahypothalamic vasopressin systems in the brain Prog. Brain Res. 119 1998 3 20
147. K.M Wall A.V Ferguson Endothelin acts at the subfornical organ to influence the activity of putative vasopressin and oxytocin-secreting neurons Brain Res. 586 1992 111 116
148. W Walz Swelling and potassium uptake in cultured astrocytes. Can. J. Physiol Pharmacol. 65 1987 1051 1057
149. W Walz Chloride/anion channels in glial cell membranes Glia 40 2002 1 10
150. W Walz L Hertz Functional interactions between neurons and astrocytes. II. Potassium homeostasis at the cellular level Prog. Neurobiol. 20 1983 133 183
151. W Walz L Hertz Intense furosemide-sensitive potassium accumulation into astrocytes in the presence of pathologically high extracellular potassium levels J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 4 1984 301 304
152. G Wang G Dayanithi E.E Custer J.R Lemos Adenosine inhibition via A(1) receptor of N-type Ca(2+) current and peptide release from isolated neurohypophysial terminals of the rat J. Physiol. 540 2002 791 802
153. T Wells Vesicular osmometers, vasopressin secretion and aquaporin-4: a new mechanism for osmoregulation Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 136 1998 103 107
154. O.W Witte H Niermann K Holthoff Cell swelling and ion redistribution assessed with intrinsic optical signals An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. 73 2001 337 350
155. W Wittkowski Pitiucytes S Fedoroff A Vernadakis Astrocytes vol. 1 1986 Academic Press New York 173 208
156. − cotransporter activity in isolated, polarized choroid plexus cells Am. J. Physiol. 275 1998 C1565 C1572
157. S Yamamoto K Inenaga S Eto H Yamashita Cardiovascular-related peptides influence hypothalamic neurons involved in control of body water homeostasis Obes. Res. Suppl. 5 1995 789S 794S
158. S Yamamoto K Inenaga H Kannan S Eto H Yamashita The actions of endothelin on single cells in the anteroventral third ventricular region and supraoptic nucleus in rat hypothalamic slices J. Neuroendocrinol. 5 1993 427 434
159. S Yamamoto I Morimoto H Yamashita S Eto Inhibitory effects of endothelin-3 on vasopressin release from rat supraoptic nucleus in vitro Neurosci. Lett. 141 1992 147 150
160. N Yamamoto K Yoneda K Asai K Sobue T Tada Y Fujita H Katsuya M Fujita N Aihar M Mase K Yamada Y Miura T Kato Alterations in the expression of the AQP family in cultured rat astrocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation Mol. Brain Res. 90 2001 26 38
161. − cotransporter in rat brain during development and its localization in mature astrocytes Brain Res. 911 2001 43 55
162. − cotransporter of bovine aortic endothelial cells Am. J. Physiol. 273 1997 C188 C197
163. D.A Zemo J.T McCabe Salt-loading increases vasopressin and vasopressin 1b receptor mRNA in the hypothalamus and choroid plexus Neuropeptides 35 2001 181 188
164. L Zhao R.D Brinton Vasopressin-induced cytoplasmic and nuclear calcium signaling in cultured cortical astrocytes Brain Res. 943 2002 117 131