On the "rag layer" and diluted bitumen froth dewatering

Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering

Volumn 85, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 748-755

  Czarnecki, Jan ^a   Moran, Kevin ^b   Yang, Xiaoli ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b SYNCRUDE CANADA LTD   (Canada)

^c Champion Technologies   (Canada)

Author keywords

Diluted bitumen dewatering; Rag layer

Indexed keywords

CENTRIFUGATION; DEWATERING; OPTIMIZATION; PROCESS CONTROL;

DILUTED BITUMEN DEWATERING; RAG LAYER;

FROTH FLOTATION;

CENTRIFUGATION; DEWATERING; FROTH FLOTATION; OPTIMIZATION; PROCESS CONTROL;

EID: 36049023734     PISSN: 00084034     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450850520     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Bird, R. B., W. E. Stewart and E. N. Lightfoot, "Transport Phenomena," Wiley and Sons, New York, NY (1960).
2. Czarnecki, J. and K. Moran, "On the Stability of Water in Diluted Bitumen Emulsions," Energy Fuels 19, 2074-2079 (2005).
3. Czarnecki, J., "Water in Oil Emulsions in Recovery of Hydrocarbons from Oil Sands," in "Handbook Encyclopedia on Emulsion Technology," J. Sjoblom, Ed., Marcell Dekker, New York, Basel (2001), pp. 497-514.
4. Friberg, S., P. Jansson and E. Cederberg, "Surfactant Association Structure and Emulsion Stability," J. Colloid Interface Sci. 55, 614-623 (1976).
5. Friberg, S., L. Mandell and M. Larsson, "Mesomorphous Phases a Factor of Importance for Properties of Emulsions," J. Colloid Interface Sci. 29, 155-156 (1969).
6. Horváth-Szabo, G., J. Czarnecki and J. Masliyah, "Sandwich Structures at Oil-Water Interfaces under Alkaline Conditions," J. Colloid Interface Sci. 253, 427-434 (2002).
7. Horváth-Szabo, G., J. Czarnecki and J. Masliyah, "Liquid Crystals in Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Naphthenates," J. Colloid Interface Sci. 236, 233-241 (2001a).
8. Horváth-Szabo, G., J. Masliyah and J. Czarnecki, "Phase Behavior of Sodium Naphthenates, Toluene and Water," J. Colloid Interface Sci. 242, 247-254 (2001b).
9. Horváth-Szabo, G., J. Masliyah and J. Czarnecki, "Emulsion Stability Based on Phase Behaviour in Sodium Naphthenates Containing Systems: Gels with a High Organic Solvent Content," J. Colloid Interface Sci. 257, 299-309 (2003).
10. Jiang, T., G. J. Hirasaki, C. A. Miller, K. Moran and M. Fleury, "Diluted Bitumen Water-in-Oil Emulsion Stability and Characterization by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Measurements," Energy Fuels, in press (2007).
11. Mandelbrot, B. B., "The Fractal Geometry of Nature," Freeman, New York (1987).
12. Masliyah, J. H., "Electrokinetic Transport Phenomena," AOSTRA, Edmonton, AB (1994).
13. Moran, K., A. Yeung, J. Czarnecki and J. Masliyah, "MicronScale Tensiometry for Studying Density-Matched and Highly Viscous Fluids - With Application to Bitumen-in-Water Emulsions," Colloids Surf., A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 174, 147-157 (2000).
14. Moran, K. and J. Czarnecki, "Competitive Adsorption of Sodium Naphthenates and Naturally Occurring Species at Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsion Droplet Surfaces," Colloids Surf., A 292, 87-98 (2007).
15. Power, W. J., "The Athabasca Oil Sands Project: The Commercial Application of Innovations in Technology," 6th Int. Conf. on Petroleum Phase Behaviour and Fouling, Amsterdam, Netherlands, June 19-23, 2005, paper no. 9 (2005).
16. Shaw, R. C., L. L. Schramm and J. Czarnecki, "Suspensions in the Hot Water Flotation Process for Canadian Oil Sands," in: "Suspensions: Fundamentals and Applications in the Petroleum Industry, Advances in Chemistry Series 251," L. L. Schramm, Ed., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC (1996), pp. 639-675.
17. Smoluchowski, M., "Versuch einer Mathematischen Theorie der Koagulationskinetik Kolloider Lösungen," Z. physik. Chem. 92, 129-168 (1917).
18. Spiecker, P. M. and P. K. Kilpatrick, "Interfacial Rheology of Petroleum Asphaltenes at the Oil-Water Interface," Langmuir 20, 4022-4032 (2004).
19. Wu, X. A. and J. Czarnecki, "Modeling Diluted Bitumen-Water Interfacial Composition Using a Thermodynamic Approach," Energy Fuels 19, 1353-1359 (2005).
20. Wu, X. A., "Investigating the Stability Mechanism of Water-inDiluted Bitumen Emulsions through Isolation and Characterization of the Stabilizing Materials at the Interface," Energy Fuels 17, 179 (2003).
21. Yang, X. and J. Czarnecki, "The Effect of Naphtha to Bitumen Ratio on Properties of Water in Diluted Bitumen Emulsions," Colloids Surf., A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 211, 213-222 (2002).
22. Yang, X., T. Dabros, Y. Long and H. Hamza, "Cluster Formation during Aliphatic Solvent Froth Treatment," CANMET Division Report CWRC 03-18 (2003).
23. Yeung, A., T. Dabros, J. Czarnecki and J. Masliyah, "On the Interfacial Properties of Micron-Sized Water Droplets in Crude Oil," Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 445, 3709-3723 (1999).
24. Yeung, A., T. Dabros, J. Masliyah and J. Czarnecki, "Micropipete: A New Technique in Emulsion Research," Colloids Surf., A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 174, 169-181 (2000).