Survival Outcomes With the Introduction of Intravenous Epinephrine in the Management of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Annals of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 50, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 635-642

  Eng Hock Ong, Marcus ^a   Tan, Eng Hoe ^b   Ng, Faith Suan Peng ^c   Panchalingham, Anushia ^c   Lim, Swee Han ^a   Manning, Peter George ^d   Ong, Victor Yeok Kein ^e   Lim, Steven Hoon Chin ^f   Yap, Susan ^a   Tham, Lai Peng ^g   Ng, Kheng Siang ^h   Venkataraman, Anantharaman ^a  

^a SINGAPORE GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^b Medical Department   (Singapore)

^c Clinical Trials and Epidemiology Research Unit   (Singapore)

^d NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^e ALEXANDRA HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^f CHANGI GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^g KK WOMEN'S AND CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^h TAN TOCK SENG HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEFIBRILLATION; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; FEMALE; HEART ARREST; HEART RHYTHM; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT TRANSPORT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESUSCITATION; SINGAPORE; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SURVIVAL RATE;

CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES; EPINEPHRINE; FEMALE; HEART ARREST; HUMANS; INFUSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ODDS RATIO; OUTCOME AND PROCESS ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SINGAPORE; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; VASOCONSTRICTOR AGENTS;

EID: 36048995671     PISSN: 01960644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.03.028     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Cummins R.O. The "chain of survival" concept: how it can save lives. Heart Dis Stroke 1 (1992) 43-45
2. Cummins R.O., Ornato J.P., Thies W.H., et al. Improving survival from sudden cardiac arrest: the "chain of survival" concept. Circulation 83 (1991) 1832-1847
3. Eisenberg M.S., Horwood B.T., Cummins R.O., et al. Cardiac arrest and resuscitation: a tale of 29 cities. Ann Emerg Med 19 (1990) 179-186
4. Crile G., and Dolley D. An experimental research into the resuscitation of dogs killed by anaesthetics and asphyxia. J Exp Med 8 (1906) 713-725
5. Ong M.E., Lim S.H., and Anantharaman V. Intravenous adrenaline or vasopressin in sudden cardiac arrest: a literature review. Ann Acad Med Singapore 31 (2002) 785-792
6. Weaver W.D., Fahrenbruch C.E., Johnson D.D., et al. Effect of epinephrine and lidocaine therapy on outcome after cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. Circulation 82 (1990) 2027-2034
7. Woodhouse S.P., Cox S., Boyd P., et al. High dose and standard dose adrenaline do not alter survival, compared with placebo, in cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 30 (1995) 243-249
8. van Walraven C., Stiell I.G., Wells G.A., et al. Do advanced cardiac life support drugs increase resuscitation rates from in-hospital cardiac arrest?. the OTAC Study Group. Ann Emerg Med 32 (1998) 544-553
9. Roberts D., Landolfo K., Light R.B., et al. Early predictors of mortality for hospitalized patients suffering cardiopulmonary arrest. Chest 97 (1990) 413-419
10. Stiell I.G., Hebert P.C., Weitzman B.N., et al. High-dose epinephrine in adult cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 327 (1992) 1045-1050
11. Brown C.G., Martin D.R., Pepe P.E., et al. A comparison of standard-dose and high-dose epinephrine in cardiac arrest outside the hospital. The Multicenter High-Dose Epinephrine Study Group. N Engl J Med 327 (1992) 1051-1055
12. Carvolth R.D., and Hamilton A.J. Comparison of high-dose epinephrine versus standard-dose epinephrine in adult cardiac arrest in the prehospital setting. Prehospital Disaster Med 11 (1996) 219-222
13. Choux C., Gueugniaud P.Y., Barbieux A., et al. Standard doses versus repeated high doses of epinephrine in cardiac arrest outside the hospital. Resuscitation 29 (1995) 3-9
14. Gueugniaud P.Y., Mols P., Goldstein P., et al. A comparison of repeated high doses and repeated standard doses of epinephrine for cardiac arrest outside the hospital. European Epinephrine Study Group. N Engl J Med 339 (1998) 1595-1601
15. Sherman B.W., Munger M.A., Foulke G.E., et al. High-dose versus standard-dose epinephrine treatment of cardiac arrest after failure of standard therapy. Pharmacotherapy 17 (1997) 242-247
16. Vandycke C., and Martens P. High dose versus standard dose epinephrine in cardiac arrest: a meta-analysis. Resuscitation 45 (2000) 161-166
17. ILCOR. Advanced life support. Resuscitation 67 (2005) 213-247
18. Ministry of Health. Health facts Singapore (2005). http://www.mon.gov.sg/moncorp/statistics Available at http://www.mon.gov.sg/moncorp/statistics. Accessed June 1, 2006.
19. Singapore Department of Statistics. Key annual indicators (2004). http://www.singstat.gov.sg/keystats/annual/indicators.html Available at: http://www.singstat.gov.sg/keystats/annual/indicators.html.
20. Ong E.H.M., Chan Y.H., Anantharaman V., et al. Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation Epidemiology in Singapore (CARE I Study). Prehosp Emerg Care 7 (2003) 427-433
21. Cummins R.O., Chamberlain D., Hazinski M.F., et al. Recommended guidelines for reviewing, reporting, and conducting research on in-hospital resuscitation: the in-hospital "Utstein Style.". Ann Emerg Med 29 (1997) 650-679
22. Stiell I.G., Wells G.A., DeMaio V.J., et al. Modifiable factors associated with improved cardiac arrest survival in a multicenter basic life support/defibrillation system: OPALS Study Phase I results. Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support. Ann Emerg Med 33 (1999) 44-50
23. Ong M., Chan Y.H., Yap S., et al. Intravenous access by paramedics in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Singapore Nurs J 30 (2003) 38-41
24. Yakaitis R.W., Otto C.W., and Blitt C.D. Relative importance of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors during resuscitation. Crit Care Med 7 (1979) 293-296
25. Pearson J.W., and Redding J.S. Influence of peripheral vascular tone on cardiac resuscitation. Anesth Analg 46 (1967) 746-752
26. Pearson J.W., and Redding J.S. Peripheral vascular tone in cardiac resuscitation. Anesth Analg 44 (1965) 746-752
27. Pearson J.W., and Redding J.S. The role of epinephrine in cardiac resuscitation. Anesth Analg 42 (1963) 599-606
28. Pearson J.W., and Redding J.S. Epinephrine in cardiac resuscitation. Am Heart J 66 (1963) 210-214
29. Chase P., Kern K., and Sanders A. The effect of high and low-dose epinephrine on myocardial perfusion, cardiac output and end-tidal carbon dioxide during prolonged CPR. Ann Emerg Med 19 (1990) 466
30. McDonald J. Coronary perfusion pressure during CPR in human beings. Ann Emerg Med 12 (1983) 144
31. Paradis N.A., Martin G.B., Rivers E.P., et al. Coronary perfusion pressure and the return of spontaneous circulation in human cardiopulmonary resuscitation. JAMA 263 (1990) 1106-1113
32. Niemann J.T., Criley J.M., Rosborough J.P., et al. Predictive indices of successful cardiac resuscitation after prolonged arrest and experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Ann Emerg Med 14 (1985) 521-528
33. Tang W., Weil M.H., Gazmuri R.J., et al. Pulmonary ventilation/perfusion defects induced by epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Circulation 84 (1991) 2101-2107
34. 2 monitoring fails to reflect changes in coronary perfusion pressure after adrenaline. Ann Emerg Med 18 (1989) 916
35. 2 during CPR in human beings. Ann Emerg Med 19 (1990) 491
36. Rivers E.P., Wortsman J., Rady M.Y., et al. The effect of the total cumulative epinephrine dose administered during human CPR on hemodynamic, oxygen transport, and utilization variables in the postresuscitation period. Chest 106 (1994) 1499-1507
37. Van de Werf F. Thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction. Why is there no extra benefit after hospital discharge?. Circulation 91 (1995) 2862-2864
38. Cobb L.A., Fahrenbruch C.E., Walsh T.R., et al. Influence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation prior to defibrillation in patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. JAMA 281 (1999) 1182-1188
39. De Luna A.B., Coumel P., and Leclercq J.F. Ambulatory sudden cardiac death: Mechanisms of production of fatal arrythmia on the basis of data from 157 cases. Am Heart J 117 (1989) 151-159
40. Eisenberg M.S., Bergner L., and Hallstrom A. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: improved survival with paramedic services. Lancet 1 (1980) 812-815
41. Eisenberg M.S., Copass M.K., Hallstrom A.P., et al. Treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with rapid defibrillation by emergency medical technicians. N Engl J Med 302 (1980) 1379-1383
42. Pell J.P., Sirel J.M., Marsden A.K., et al. Effect of reducing ambulance response times on deaths from out of hospital cardiac arrest: cohort study. BMJ 322 (2001) 1385-1388
43. White R.D., Asplin B.R., Bugliosi T.F., et al. High discharge survival rate after out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation with rapid defibrillation by police and paramedics. Ann Emerg Med 28 (1996) 480-485
44. Stiell I.G., Wells G.A., Field B.J., et al. Improved out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival through the inexpensive optimization of an existing defibrillation program: OPALS Study Phase II. Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support. JAMA 281 (1999) 1175-1181