Previous trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms as predictors of subjective and biological response to stress

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 52, Issue 10, 2007, Pages 675-683

  Regehr, Cheryl ^a   LeBlanc, Vicki ^a   Jelley, R Blake ^b,c   Barath, Irene ^b   Daciuk, Joanne ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND   (Canada)

Author keywords

Cortisol; Heart rate; Stress; Trauma

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

ACUTE STRESS; ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; JOB STRESS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL STRESS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; POLICE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; SIMULATOR; SOCIAL SUPPORT; STATE TRAIT ANXIETY INVENTORY; WORKER;

EID: 36048958463     PISSN: 07067437     EISSN: 14970015     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/070674370705201008     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Green C. Human remains and the psychological impact on police officers: excerpts from psychiatric observations. Australasian J Disaster and Trauma Studies. 2001;5(2).
2. Kopel H, Friedman M. Effects of exposure to violence in South African Police. In: Violanti J, Paton D, editors. Police trauma: the aftermath of civilian combat. Springfield (Il): Charles Thomas; 1999. p 99-112.
3. Regehr C, Bober T. In the line of fire: trauma in the emergency services. New York (NY): Oxford University Press; 2005.
4. Robinson H, Sigman M, Wilson J. Duty related stressors and PTSD symptoms in suburban police officers. Psychol Rep. 1997; 81:835-845.
5. Regehr C, Johanis D, Dimitropoulos G, et al. The police officer and the public inquiry. Brief Treatments and Crisis Intervention. 2003;3:383-396.
6. Gersons B. Patterns of PTSD among police officers following a shooting incident: a two-dimensional model and treatment implications. J Trauma Stress. 1989;2:247-257.
7. Herrman J. Sudden death and the police officer. Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs. 1988;12:327-332.
8. Carlier I, Lamberts R, Gersons B. The dimensionality of trauma: a multidimensional scaling comparison of police officers with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2000;97:29-39.
9. Neylan T, Metzler T, Best S, et al. Critical incident exposure and sleep quality in police officers. Psychosom Med. 2002;64:345-352.
10. Hodgins G, Creamer M, Bell R. Risk factors for posttrauma reactions in police officers: a longitudinal study. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2001;189:541-547.
11. Stephens C, Long N, Miller I. The impact of trauma and social support on post-traumatic stress disorder in New Zealand police. J Criminal Justice. 1997;25:303-313.
12. Leffler C, Dembert M. Posttraumatic stress symptoms among US Navy divers recovering TWA Flight 800. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1998;186:574-577.
13. Regehr C, Hill J, Glancy G. Individual predictors of traumatic reactions in firefighters. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2000;188:333-339.
14. Weiss D, Marmar C, Metzler T, et al. Predicting symptomatic distress in emergency services personnel. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995;63:361-368.
15. Lazarus R, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York (NY): Springer Publishing Company; 1984.
16. Selye H. A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature. 1936;138:32.
17. Roberts N, Levenson R. The remains of the workday: impact of job stress and exhaustion on marital interactions in police couples. J Marriage Fam. 2001;63:1052-1067.
18. Kemeny M. The psychobiology of stress. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2003;12:124-129.
19. Otte C, Neylan T, Pole N, et al. Association between childhood trauma and catecholamine response to psychological stress in police academy recruits. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57:27-32.
20. Neylan T, Brunet A, Pole N, et al. PTSD symptoms predict waking salivary cortisol levels in police officers. Psychneuroendocrinology. 2004;30:373-381.
21. Dickerson SS, Kemeny M. Acute stressors and cortisol responses: atheoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research. Psychol Bull. 2004;130:355-391.
22. Yehuda R. Clinical relevance of biologic findings in PTSD. Psychiatr Q. 2002;73:123-133.
23. Shea A, Walsh C, MacMillan H et al. Child maltreatment and HPA axis dysregulation: relationship to major depressive disorder and post traumatic stress disorder in females. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2004;30:162-178.
24. Weiss D, Marmar C. The impact of event scale. Revised. In: Wilson J, Keane T, editors. Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD. New York (NY): The Guilford Press; 1997.
25. Weiss D, Brunet A, Pole N,et al. The Critical Incident History Questionnaire: a method for measuring total cumulative exposure to critical incidents in police officers. Forthcoming.
26. Cutrona C, Russell D. The provision of social relationships and adaptation to stress. Advances in Personal Relationships. 1987;1:37-67.
27. Spielberger C. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto (CA): Consulting Psychologists Press; 1983.
28. LeBlanc V, MacDonald R, McArthur B, et al. Paramedic performance in calculating drug dosages following stressful scenarios in a human patient simulator. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2005;9:439-444.
29. Polar USA [Internet]. Available from: http://www.polarusa.com.
30. Ansseau M, Sulon J, Doumont A, et al. Use of saliva cortisol in the dexamethasone suppression test. Psychiatry Res. 1984;13:203-211.
31. Cook H, Harris B, Walker R, et al. Clinical utility of the dexamethasone suppression test assessed by plasma and salivary cortisol determinations. Psychiatry Res. 1986;18:143-150.
32. Greenwood P, Shutt D. Salivary and plasma cortisol as an index of stress in goats. Aust Vet J. 2004;69:161-163.
33. Harris B, Watkins S, Cook N, et al. Comparisons of plasma and salivary cortisol determinations for the diagnostic efficacy of the dexamethasone suppression test. Biol Psychiatry. 1990;27:897-904.
34. Sanchez-Martin J, Cardas J, Fano A, et al. Social behavior, cortisol, and sIgA levels in preschool children. J Psychosom Res. 2001;50:221-227.
35. Dressendorfer R, Kirschbaum C, Rohde W, et al. Synthesis of a cortisol-biotin conjugate and evaluation as a tracer in an immunoassay for salivary cortisol measurement. J Steroid Biochemi Mol Biol. 1992;43:683-692.
36. Zilberg N, Weiss D, Horowitz M. Impact of Event Scale: a cross-validation study and some empirical evidence supporting a conceptual model of stress response syndromes. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1982;50:407-414.
37. Lavie P, Katz N, Pillar G, et al. Elevated awaking thresholds during sleep: characteristics of chronic war-related posttraumatic stress disorder patients. Biol Psychiatry. 1998;44:1060-1065.
38. Alexander DA, Klein S. Ambulance personnel and critical incidents. Br J Psychiatry. 2001;178:76-81.
39. Regehr C, Goldberg G, Hughes J. Exposure to human tragedy, empathy, and trauma in ambulance paramedics. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2002;72:505-513.
40. Bryant R, Harvey A. Posttraumatic stress reactions in volunteer firefighters. J Traumatic Stress. 1996;9:51-62.
41. Benschop R, Geene R, Mills P, et al. Cardiovascular and immune responses to acute psychological stress in young and old women: a meta analysis. Psychosom Med. 1998;60:290-296.
42. Naliboff B, Benton D, Solomon G, et al. Immunological changes in young and old adults during brief laboratory stress. Psychosom Med. 1991;53:121-132.
43. Herbert R, Cohen S, Marsland A, et al. Cardiovascular activity and the course of immune response to an acute psychological stress. Psychosom Med. 1994;56:337-344.
44. Cacioppo J, Malarkey W, Kiecolt-Glaser J, et al. Heterogeneity in nueroendocrine and immune responses to brief psychological stressors as a function of autonomic cardiac activity. Psychosom Med. 1995;57:154-164.
45. Mathews K, Caggiula A, McAllister C, et al. Sympathetic reactivity to acute stress and immune response in women. Psychosom Med. 1995;57:564-571.
46. Miller F, Dopp J, Myers H, et al. Psychological mechanisms of natural killer cell mobilization during marital conflict. Health Psychol. 2000;14:10.
47. Benschop R, Jacobs R, Sommer B, et al. Modulation of the immunologic response to acute stress in humans by β-blockade or benzodiazepines. The FASEB J. 1996;10:517-524.
48. Regehr C, Hill J, Knott T,et al. Social support, self-efficacy and trauma in new recruits and experienced firefighters. Stress and Health. 2002;19:189-193.
49. Coyne J, DeLongis A. Going beyond social support: the role of social relationships in adaption. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1986;54:454-460.
50. van der Kolk BA, Hostetler A, Herron N, et al. Trauma and the development of borderline personality disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1994;17:715-730. (Can J Psychiatry 2007;52:684-688