How to reconcile conventional and altered risk factor patterns in dialysis patients

Seminars in Dialysis

Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 602-605

  Kopple, Joel D ^a,b  

^a HARBOR UCLA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BODY MASS; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; MORTALITY; OBESITY; PROTEIN CALORIE MALNUTRITION; RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

BODY MASS INDEX; EPIDEMIOLOGIC FACTORS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; OBESITY; PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION; RENAL DIALYSIS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 35948982654     PISSN: 08940959     EISSN: 1525139X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2007.00362.x     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Collins AJ, Kasiske B, Herzog C, Chavers B, Foley R, Gilbertson D, Grimm R, Liu J, Louis T, Manning W, Matas A, McBean M, Murray A, St. Peter W, Xue J, Fan Q, Guo H, Li Q, Li S, Li S, Roberts T, Snyder J, Solid C, Wang C, Weinhandl E, Arko C, Chen S-C, Dalleska F, Daniels F, Dunning S, Ebben J, Frazier E, Johnson R, Sheets D, Wang X, Forrest B, Berrini D, Constantini E, Everson S, Frederick P, Eggers P, Agodoa L : United States Renal Data System. Excerpts from the USRDS 2005 Annual Data Report: Atlas of End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Am J Kid Dis 47 (Suppl. 1) : 1 286, 2006
2. Owen WF Jr., Lew NL, Liu Y, Lowrie EG, Lazarus JM : The urea reduction ratio and serum albumin concentration as predictors of mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis [see comments]. N Engl J Med 329 : 1001 1006, 1993
3. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kilpatrick RD, Kuwae N, McAllister CJ, Alcorn H Jr., Kopple JD, Greenland S : Revisiting mortality predictability of serum albumin in the dialysis population: time dependency, longitudinal changes and population-attributable fraction. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20 : 1880 1888, 2005
4. Chertow GM, Ackert K, Lew NL, Lazarus JM, Lowrie EG : Prealbumin is as important as albumin in the nutritional assessment of hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 58 : 2512 2517, 2000
5. Zimmermann J, Herrlinger S, Pruy A, Metzger T, Wanner C : Inflammation enhances cardiovascular risk and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 55 : 648 658, 1999
6. Pecoits-Filho R, Lindholm B, Axelsson J, Stenvinkel P : Update on interleukin-6 and its role in chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18 : 1042 1045, 2003
7. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD, Block G, Humphreys MH : A malnutrition-inflammation score is correlated with morbidity and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 38 : 1251 1263, 2001
8. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD, Kilpatrick RD, McAllister CJ, Shinaberger CS, Gjertson DW, Greenland S : Association of morbid obesity and weight change over time with cardiovascular survival in hemodialysis population. Am J Kidney Dis 46 : 489 500, 2005
9. Kopple JD, Zhu X, Lew NL, Lowrie EG : Body weight-for-height relationships predict mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 56 : 1136 1148, 1999
10. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kuwae N, Wu DY, Shantouf RS, Fouque D, Anker SD, Block G, Kopple JD : Associations of body fat and its changes over time with quality of life and prospective mortality in hemodialysis patients. Am J Clin Nutr 83 : 202 210, 2006
11. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kilpatrick RD, McAllister CJ, Greenland S, Kopple JD : Reverse epidemiology of hypertension and cardiovascular death in the hemodialysis population: the 58th annual fall conference and scientific sessions. Hypertension 45 : 811 817, 2005
12. Iseki K, Yamazato M, Tozawa M, Takishita S : Hypocholesterolemia is a significant predictor of death in a cohort of chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 61 : 1887 1893, 2002
13. Kilpatrick RD, McAllister CJ, Kovesdy CP, Derose SF, Kopple JD, Kalantar-Zadeh K : Association between Serum Lipids and Survival in Hemodialysis Patients and Impact of Race. J Am Soc Nephrol 18 : 293 303, 2007
14. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Humphreys MH, McAllister CJ, Kopple JD : A low, rather than a high, total plasma homocysteine is an indicator of poor outcome in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 15 : 442 453, 2004
15. Lowrie EG, Lew NL : Death risk in hemodialysis patients: the predictive value of commonly measured variables and an evaluation of death rate differences between facilities. Am J Kidney Dis 15 : 458 482, 1990
16. Port FK, Ashby VB, Dhingra RK, Roys EC, Wolfe RA : Dialysis dose and body mass index are strongly associated with survival in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 13 : 1061 1066, 2002
17. Schwedler SB, Metzger T, Schinzel R, Wanner C : Advanced glycation end products and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 62 : 301 310, 2002
18. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Regidor DL, McAllister CJ, Michael B, Warnock DG : Time-Dependent Associations between Iron and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 16 : 3070 3080, 2005
19. Kovesdy CP, Regidor DL, Mehrotra R, Jing J, McAllister CJ, Greenland S, Kopple JD, Kalantar-Zadeh K : Serum and Dialysate Potassium Concentrations and Survival in Hemodialysis Patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2 : 999 1007, 2007
20. Block GA, Klassen PS, Lazarus JM, Ofsthun N, Lowrie EG, Chertow GM : Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 15 : 2208 2218, 2004
21. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kuwae N, Regidor DL, Kovesdy CP, Kilpatrick RD, Shinaberger CS, McAllister CJ, Budoff MJ, Salusky IB, Kopple JD : Survival predictability of time-varying indicators of bone disease in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 70 : 771 780, 2006
22. Scholze A, Rattensperger D, Zidek W, Tepel M : Low serum leptin predicts mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5. Obesity (Silver Spring) 15 : 1617 1622, 2007
23. Wu DY, Shinaberger CS, Regidor DL, McAllister CJ, Kopple JD, Kalantar-Zadeh K : Association between serum bicarbonate and death in hemodialysis patients: Is it better to be acidotic or alkalotic? Clin J Am Soc Neph 1 : 70 78, 2006
24. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Humphreys MH, Kopple JD : Reverse epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors in maintenance dialysis patients. Kidney Int 63 : 793 808, 2003
25. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD : Obesity paradox in patients on maintenance dialysis. Contrib Nephrol 151 : 57 69, 2006
26. Levin NW, Handelman GJ, Coresh J, Port FK, Kaysen GA : Reverse epidemiology: a confusing, confounding and inaccurate term. Semin Dial (in press)
27. Kopple JD : The phenomenon of altered risk factor patterns or reverse epidemiology in persons with advanced chronic kidney failure. Am J Clin Nutr 81 : 1257 1266, 2005
28. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Horwich T, Fonarow GC : Reverse epidemiology of conventional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 43 : 1439 1444, 2004
29. Roubenoff R : Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome wasting, functional performance, and quality of life. Am J Manag Care 6 : 1003 1016, 2000
30. Chlebowski RT, Grosvenor M, Lillington L, Sayre J, Beall G : Dietary intake and counseling, weight maintenance, and the course of HIV infection. J Am Diet Assoc 95 : 428 432, 1995 quiz 433 425.
31. Vestbo J, Prescott E, Almdal T, Dahl M, Nordestgaard BG, Andersen T, Sorensen TI, Lange P : Body mass, fat-free body mass, and prognosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from a random population sample: findings from the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173 : 79 83, 2006
32. Oreopoulos A, Padwal R, Norris C, Mullen JC, Kalantar-Zadeh K : The relationship between different degrees of obesity and short and long-term mortality post-coronary revascularization: a meta-analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) (in press).
33. Stevens J, Cai J, Pamuk ER, Williamson DF, Thun MJ, Wood JL : The effect of age on the association between body-mass index and mortality. N Engl J Med 338 : 1 7, 1998
34. Grabowski DC, Ellis JE : High body mass index does not predict mortality in older people: analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Am Geriatr Soc 49 : 968 979, 2001
35. Landi F, Onder G, Gambassi G, Pedone C, Carbonin P, Bernabei R : Body mass index and mortality among hospitalized patients. Arch Intern Med 160 : 2641 2644, 2000
36. Liu Y, Coresh J, Eustace JA, Longenecker JC, Jaar B, Fink NE, Tracy RP, Powe NR, Klag MJ : Association between cholesterol level and mortality in dialysis patients: role of inflammation and malnutrition. JAMA 291 : 451 459, 2004
37. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Ikizler TA, Block G, Avram MM, Kopple JD : Malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome in dialysis patients: Causes and consequences. Am J Kidney Dis 42 : 864 881, 2003
38. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD : Relative contributions of nutrition and inflammation to clinical outcome in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 38 : 1343 1350, 2001
39. Kovesdy CP, Anderson JE, Kalantar-Zadeh K : Paradoxical association between body mass index and mortality in men with CKD not yet on dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 49 : 581 591, 2007
40. Horwich TB, Fonarow GC, Hamilton MA, MacLellan WR, Woo MA, Tillisch JH : The relationship between obesity and mortality in patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 38 : 789 795, 2001
41. Schrier RW, Abraham WT : Hormones and hemodynamics in heart failure. N Engl J Med 341 : 577 585, 1999
42. Mohamed-Ali V, Goodrick S, Bulmer K, Holly JM, Yudkin JS, Coppack SW : Production of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors by human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo. Am J Physiol 277 : E971 E975, 1999
43. Rauchhaus M, Coats AJ, Anker SD : The endotoxin-lipoprotein hypothesis. Lancet 356 : 930 933, 2000
44. Rauchhaus M, Koloczek V, Volk H, Kemp M, Niebauer J, Francis DP, Coats AJ, Anker SD : Inflammatory cytokines and the possible immunological role for lipoproteins in chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol 76 : 125 133, 2000
45. Jandacek RJ, Anderson N, Liu M, Zheng S, Yang Q, Tso P : Effects of yo-yo diet, caloric restriction, and olestra on tissue distribution of hexachlorobenzene. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 288 : G292 G299, 2005
46. Imbeault P, Tremblay A, Simoneau JA, Joanisse DR : Weight loss-induced rise in plasma pollutant is associated with reduced skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282 : E574 E579, 2002
47. Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE, Hsu CY : Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 351 : 1296 1305, 2004
48. Keith DS, Nichols GA, Gullion CM, Brown JB, Smith DH : Longitudinal follow-up and outcomes among a population with chronic kidney disease in a large managed care organization. Arch Intern Med 164 : 659 663, 2004