Vigorous exercise and diabetic, hypertensive, and hypercholesterolemia medication use

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volumn 39, Issue 11, 2007, Pages 1933-1941

  Williams, Paul T ^a   Franklin, Barry ^b  

^a LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b WILLIAM BEAUMONT HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiorespiratory fitness; Diabetes; High cholesterol; Hypertension; Physical activity; Runners

Indexed keywords

ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENT; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; BODY MASS; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG USE; EXERCISE INTENSITY; FEMALE; FITNESS; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PHYSICAL CAPACITY; PREVALENCE; RUNNING; SMOKING HABIT;

ADULT; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; COHORT STUDIES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; QUESTIONNAIRES; RUNNING; UNITED STATES;

EID: 35948944526     PISSN: 01959131     EISSN: 15300315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e318145b337     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 6th ed. B. Franklin (Ed.). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.
2. BALKE, B., and R. W. WARE. An experimental study of physical fitness of Air Force personnel. US Armed Forces Med. J. 10: 875-888, 1959.
3. BARLOW, C. E., M. J. LAMONTE, S. J. FITZGERALD, J. B. KAMPERT, J. L. PERRIN, and S. N. BLAIR. Cardiorespiratory fitness is an in dependent predictor of hypertension incidence among initially normotensive healthy women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 163:142-150, 2006.
4. BOUCHARD, C., R. LESAGE, G. LORTIE, et al. Aerobic performance in brothers, dizygotic and monozygotic twins. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 18:639-646, 1986.
5. CHOBANIAN, A. V., G. L. BAKRIS, H. R. BLACK, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 289:2560-2572, 2003.
6. COOPER, K. H. A means of assessing maximal oxygen intake: correlation between field and treadmill testing. JAMA 203:201-204, 1968.
7. FAGARD, R. H. Exercise characteristics and the blood pressure response to dynamic physical training. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 33(Suppl.):S484-S492, 2001.
8. FRANC, S., S. DEJAGER, E. BRUCKERT, M. CHAUVENET, P. GIRAL, and G. TURPIN. A comprehensive description of muscle symptoms associated with lipid-lowering drugs. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 17:459-465, 2003.
9. HELLERSTEIN, H. K. Limitations of marathon running in the rehabilitation of coronary patients: anatomic and physiologic determinants. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 301:484-494, 1977.
10. HOGAN, P., T. DOGAN, P. NIKOLOV. Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2002. Diabetes Care 26:917-932, 2003.
11. INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005.
12. LAW, M. R. Lowering heart disease risk with cholesterol reduction: evidence from observational studies and clinical trials. Eur. Heart J. Suppl. 1(S):S3-S8, 1999.
13. MARGARIA, R., P. CERRETELLI, P. AGHEMO, and G. SASSI. Energy cost of running. J. Appl. Physiol. 18:367-370, 1963.
14. MENSINK, G. B., D. W. HEERSTRASS, S. E. NEPPELENBROEK, A. J. SCHUIT, and B. M. BELLACH. Intensity, duration, and frequency of physical activity and coronary risk factors. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 29:1192-1198, 1997.
15. MINSHALL, M. E., S. ROZE, A. J. PALMER, et al. Treating diabetes to accepted standards of care: a 10-yr projection of the estimated economic and health impact in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States. Clin. Ther. 27:940-950, 2005.
16. NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS (ADULT TREATMENT PANEL III). National Cholesterol Education Program National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health NIH Publication No. 02-5215.
17. Number (in thousands) of persons with diagnosed diabetes, by age, United States, 1980-2002. Diabetes Statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the U.S.A. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/ prey/national/menu persons.htm.
18. PAFFENBARGER, R. S. Jr., and I. M. LEE. Intensity of physical activity related to incidence of hypertension and all-cause mortality: an epidemiological view. Blood Press. Monit. 2:115-123, 1997.
19. PATE, R. R., M. PRATT, S. N. BLAIR, et al. Physical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. JAMA 273:402-407, 1995.
20. SCHOENBORN, C. A., and P. M. BARNES. Leisure-time physical activity among adults: United States, 1997-98. Advance Data From Vital and Health Statistics, no. 325. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2002.
21. 2 reserve and the minimal intensity for improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 34:152-157, 2002.
22. SWAIN, D. P., and B. A. FRANKLIN. Comparison of cardioprotective benefits of vigorous versus moderate intensity aerobic exercise. Am. J. Cardiol. 97:141-147, 2006.
23. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 1996.
24. WHELTON, S. P., A. CHIN, X. XIN, and J. HE. Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann. Intern. Med. 136:493-503, 2002.
25. WILLIAMS, P. T. Self-selection accounts for inverse association between weight and cardiorespiratory fitness. Obes. Res. (in press).
26. WILLIAMS, P. T. Relationships of heart disease risk factors to exercise quantity and intensity. Arch. Intern. Med. 158:237-245, 1998.
27. WILLIAMS, P. T. Relationship of distance run per week to coronary heart disease risk factors in 8283 male runners: The National Runners' Health Study. Arch. Intern. Med. 157:191-198, 1997.
28. WILLIAMS, P. T., and R. R. PATE. Cross-sectional relationships of exercise and age to adiposity in 60,617 male runners. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 37:1329-1337, 2005.
29. WILLIAMS, P. T., and W. A. SATARIANO. Relationships of age and weekly running distance to BMI and circumferences in 41,582 physically active women. Obes. Res. 13:1370-1380, 2005.
30. WILMORE, J. H., B. J. FREUND, M. J. JOYNER, et al. Acute response to submaximal and maximal exercise consequent to beta-adrenergic blockade: implications for the prescription of exercise. Am. J. Cardiol. 55:135D-141D, 1985.