Modeling studies of NO-γ emissions of sprites

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 34, Issue 16, 2007, Pages

  Liu, Ningyu ^a   Pasko, Victor P ^a  

^a The Pennsylvania State University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC DENSITY; ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ELECTRIC DISCHARGES; NITROGEN OXIDES;

EMISSIONS OF SPRITES; STREAMER DISCHARGES;

THUNDERSTORMS;

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; AURORA; NITRIC OXIDE; SPRITE; THUNDERSTORM;

EID: 35948933423     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2007GL030352     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Aleksandrov, N. L., A. E. Bazelyan, E. M. Bazelyan, and I. V. Kochetov (1995), Modeling of long streamers in atmospheric-pressure air, Plasma Phys. Rep., 21(60), 57-75.
2. Armstrong, R. A., J. A. Shorter, M. J. Taylor, D. M. Suszcynsky, W. A. Lyons, and L. S. Jeong (1998), Photometric measurements in the SPRITES' 95 and 96 campaigns of nitrogen second positive (399.8 nm) and first negative (427.8 nm) emission, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 60, 787-799.
3. 3, NO) in the Earth's atmosphere by the stellar occultation technique, Adv. Space Res., 1, 127-141.
4. Benilov, M. S., and G. V. Naidis (2003), Modelling of low-current discharges in atmospheric-pressure air taking account of non-equilibrium effects, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys., 36, 1834-1841, doi:10.1088/ 0022-3727/36/15/314.
5. Cummer, S. A., N. C. Jaugey, J. Li, W. A. Lyons, T. E. Nelson, and E. A. Gerken (2006), Submillisecond imaging of sprite development and structure, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04104, doi:10.1029/ 2005GL024969.
6. Gerken, E. A., U. S. Inan, and C. P. Barrington-Leigh (2000), Telescopic imaging of sprites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2637-2640.
7. Gordley, L. L., et al. (1996), Validation of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide measurements made by the Halogen Occultation Experiment for UARS platform, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D6), 10,241-10,266.
8. 2 discharges, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 34, 1745-1755.
9. Hampton, D. L., M. J. Heavner, E. M. Wescott, and D. D. Sentman (1996), Optical spectral characteristics of sprites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 89-93.
10. Kumar, C. K., P. K. Swaminathan, D. E. Anderson, J.-H. Yee, M. R. Gunson, and M. C. Abrams (1995), ATMOS/ATLAS 1 measurements of thermospheric and mesospheric nitric oxide, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D8), 16,839-16,846.
11. Kuo, C.-L., R. R. Hsu, A. B. Chen, H. T. Su, L. C. Lee, S. B. Mende, H. U. Frey, H. Fukunishi, and Y. Takahashi (2005), Electric fields and electron energies inferred from the ISUAL recorded sprites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L19103, doi:10.1029/2005GL023389.
12. Liu, N., and V. P. Pasko (2004), Effects of photoionization on propagation and branching of positive and negative streamers in sprites, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A04301, doi:10.1029/2003JA010064.
13. Liu, N., and V. P. Pasko (2005), Molecular nitrogen LBH band system far-UV emissions of sprite streamers, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L05104, doi: 10.1029/2004GL022001.
14. Liu, N., et al. (2006), Comparison of results from sprite streamer modeling with spectrophotometric measurements by ISUAL instrument on FORMOSAT-2 satellite, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L01101, doi:10.1029/2005GL024243.
15. McHarg, M. G., H. C. Stenbaek-Nielsen, and T. Kammae (2007), Observations of streamer formation in sprites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L06804, doi: 10.1029/2006GL027854.
16. 2 1 PG band identification, Geophys. Res. Lett, 22, 2633-2637.
17. Mende, S. H., H. U. Frey, R. R. Hsu, H. T. Su, A. B. Chen, L. C. Lee, D. D. Sentman, Y. Takahashi, and H. Fukunishi (2005), D region ionization by lightning-induced electromagnetic pulses, J. Geophys. Res., 110, A11312, doi:10.1029/2005JA011064.
18. Mende, S. B., et al. (2006), Spacecraft based studies of transient luminous events, in Sprites, Elves and Intense Lightning Discharges, NATO Sci. Ser., Ser. 2, vol. 225, edited by M. Füllekrug, E. A. Mareev, and M. J. Rycroft, pp. 123-149, Springer, Heidleberg, Germany.
19. Minschwaner, K., J. Bishop, S. A. Budzien, K. F. Dymond, D. E. Siskind, M. H. Stevens, and R. P. McCoy (2004), Middle and upper thermospheric odd nitrogen: 2. Measurements of nitric oxide from Ionospheric, Spectroscopy and Atmospheric Chemistry (ISAAC) satellite observations of NO γ band emission, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A01304, doi:10.1029/2003JA009941.
20. Moss, G. D., V. P. Pasko, N. Liu, and G. Veronis (2006), Monte Carlo model for analysis of thermal runaway electrons in streamer tips in transient luminous events and streamer zones of lightning leaders, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A02307, doi:10,1029/2005JA011350.
21. Ono, R., and T. Oda (2005), Nitrogen oxide γ-band emission from primary and secondary streamers in pulsed positive corona discharge, J. Appl. Phys., 97, 013302.
22. Pasko, V. P. (2007), Red sprite discharges in the atmosphere at high altitude: The molecular physics and the similarity with laboratory discharges, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol., 16, S13-S29, doi:10.1088/0963-0252/16/1/S02.
23. Sentman, D. D., E. M. Wescott, D. L. Osborne, D. L. Hampton, and M. J. Heavner (1995), Preliminary results from the Sprites94 campaign: Red sprites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1205-1208.
24. 2 second positive and NO-γ systems, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys., 35, 1967-1980.
25. +) metastable density produced by nitrogen streamers at atmospheric pressure: 1. Design of diagnostic method, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol., 12, 421-431.
26. 2-NO mixtures, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys., 35, 2591-2602.
27. Stanley, M., P. Krehbiel, M. Brook, C. Moore, W. Rison, and B. Abrahams (1999), High speed video of initial sprite development, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3201-3204.
28. Stenbaek-Nielsen, H. C., M. G. McHarg, T. Kanmae, and D. D. Sentman (2007), Observed emission rates in sprite streamer heads, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L11105, doi:10.1029/2007GL029881.
29. Suszcynsky, D. M., R. Roussel-Dupre, W. A. Lyons, and R. A. Armstrong (1998), Blue-light imagery and photometry of sprites, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 60, 801-809.
30. Teich, T. H. (1993), Emission spectroscopy of corona discharges in Non-Thermal Plasma Techniques for Pollution Control, NATO ASI Ser., Ser. G, vol. 34, part A, edited by B. M. Penetrante and S. E. Schultheis, pp. 231-248, Springer, Berlin.
31. Tochikubo, F., and T. H. Teich (2000), Optical emission from a pulsed corona discharge and its associated reactions, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 39, 1343-1350.
32. Vallance-Jones, A. V. (1974), Aurora, D. Reidel, Norwell, Mass.
33. Viggiano, A. A., and D. E. Hunton (1999), Airborne mass spectrometers: Four decades of atmospheric and space research at the Air Force Research Laboratory, J. Mass Spectrom., 34, 1107-1129.
34. Zhao, G. B., S. V. B. Garikipati, X. D. Hu, M. D. Argyle, and M. Radosz (2005), Effect of oxygen on nonthermal plasma reactions of nitrogen oxides in nitrogen, AIChE J, 51(6), 1800-1812, doi:10.1002/ aic.10452.
35. Zipf, E. C., and R. W. McLaughlin (1978), On the dissociation of nitrogen by electron impact and by E.U.V. photo-absorption, Planet. Space Sci., 26, 449-462.