메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 23, 2007, Pages 2545-2550

Effects of dorsal versus ventral shear loads on the rotational stability of the thoracic spine: A biomechanical porcine and human cadaveric study

Author keywords

Dorsal shear loads; Idiopathic scoliosis; Normal spine; Rotational stability; Vertebral rotation

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; CADAVER; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS; IN VITRO STUDY; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SWINE; THORACIC SPINE;

EID: 35848954704     PISSN: 03622436     EISSN: 15281159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318158cd86     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (74)

References (66)
  • 2
    • 0023204247 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of spinal deformity: A biomechanical analysis
    • Deacon P, Archer IA, Dickson RA. The anatomy of spinal deformity: a biomechanical analysis. Orthopedics 1987;10:897-903.
    • (1987) Orthopedics , vol.10 , pp. 897-903
    • Deacon, P.1    Archer, I.A.2    Dickson, R.A.3
  • 3
    • 0021207626 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis: Biplanar spinal asymmetry
    • Dickson RA, Lawton JO, Archer IA, et al. The pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis: biplanar spinal asymmetry. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1984;66:8-15.
    • (1984) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.66 , pp. 8-15
    • Dickson, R.A.1    Lawton, J.O.2    Archer, I.A.3
  • 4
    • 0023897624 scopus 로고
    • The aetiology of spinal deformities
    • Dickson RA. The aetiology of spinal deformities. Lancet 1988;1151-4.
    • (1988) Lancet , pp. 1151-1154
    • Dickson, R.A.1
  • 5
    • 0029822149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
    • Murray DW, Bulstrode CJ. The development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Eur Spine J 1996;5:251-7.
    • (1996) Eur Spine J , vol.5 , pp. 251-257
    • Murray, D.W.1    Bulstrode, C.J.2
  • 7
    • 0013967862 scopus 로고
    • The basic anatomy of scoliosis
    • Roaf R. The basic anatomy of scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1966;48:786-92.
    • (1966) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.48 , pp. 786-792
    • Roaf, R.1
  • 8
    • 84958684017 scopus 로고
    • Rotational lordosis: The development of single curve
    • Somerville EW. Rotational lordosis: the development of single curve. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1952;34:421-7.
    • (1952) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.34 , pp. 421-427
    • Somerville, E.W.1
  • 9
    • 0023026559 scopus 로고
    • An anatomical comparison of the human and bovine thoracolumbar spine
    • Cotterill PC, Kostuik JP, D'Angelo G, et al. An anatomical comparison of the human and bovine thoracolumbar spine. J Orthop Res 1986;4:298-303.
    • (1986) J Orthop Res , vol.4 , pp. 298-303
    • Cotterill, P.C.1    Kostuik, J.P.2    D'Angelo, G.3
  • 10
    • 0036214369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of a quadruped as an in vivo model for the study of the spine: Biomechanical considerations
    • Smit TH. The use of a quadruped as an in vivo model for the study of the spine: biomechanical considerations. Eur Spine J 2002;11:137-44.
    • (2002) Eur Spine J , vol.11 , pp. 137-144
    • Smit, T.H.1
  • 11
    • 0030941203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomy of the sheep spine and its comparison to the human spine
    • Wilke HJ, Kettler A, Wenger KH, et al. Anatomy of the sheep spine and its comparison to the human spine. Anat Rec 1997;247:542-55.
    • (1997) Anat Rec , vol.247 , pp. 542-555
    • Wilke, H.J.1    Kettler, A.2    Wenger, K.H.3
  • 12
    • 0001401619 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of the structural changes in scoliosis
    • Arkin AM. The mechanism of the structural changes in scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1949;31:519-28.
    • (1949) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.31 , pp. 519-528
    • Arkin, A.M.1
  • 14
    • 0036731017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segment and joint angles of hind limb during bipedal and quadrupedal walking of the bonobo (Pan paniscus)
    • D'Aout K, Aerts P, De Clercq D, et al. Segment and joint angles of hind limb during bipedal and quadrupedal walking of the bonobo (Pan paniscus). Am J Phys Anthropol 2002;119:37-51.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.119 , pp. 37-51
    • D'Aout, K.1    Aerts, P.2    De Clercq, D.3
  • 15
    • 22044451058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of dorsal shear forces in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A hypothesis
    • Castelein RM, van Dieen JH, Smit TH. The role of dorsal shear forces in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2005;65:501-8.
    • (2005) Med Hypotheses , vol.65 , pp. 501-508
    • Castelein, R.M.1    van Dieen, J.H.2    Smit, T.H.3
  • 16
    • 0033215118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis: Experimental study in rats
    • Machida M, Murai I, Miyashita Y, et al. Pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis: experimental study in rats. Spine 1999;24:1985-9.
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 1985-1989
    • Machida, M.1    Murai, I.2    Miyashita, Y.3
  • 17
    • 29044445730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathological mechanism of idiopathic scoliosis: Experimental scoliosis in pinealectomized rats
    • Machida M, Saito M, Dubousset J, et al. Pathological mechanism of idiopathic scoliosis: experimental scoliosis in pinealectomized rats. Eur Spine J 2005;14:843-8.
    • (2005) Eur Spine J , vol.14 , pp. 843-848
    • Machida, M.1    Saito, M.2    Dubousset, J.3
  • 19
    • 0033568328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anterior shear of spinal motion segments: Kinematics, kinetics, and resultant injuries observed in a porcine model
    • Yingling VR, McGill SM. Anterior shear of spinal motion segments: kinematics, kinetics, and resultant injuries observed in a porcine model. Spine 1999;24:1882-9.
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 1882-1889
    • Yingling, V.R.1    McGill, S.M.2
  • 20
    • 0016610964 scopus 로고
    • The strength of the neural arch and the etiology of spondylolysis
    • Lamy C, Bazergui A, Kraus H, et al. The strength of the neural arch and the etiology of spondylolysis. Orthop Clin North Am 1975;6:215-31.
    • (1975) Orthop Clin North Am , vol.6 , pp. 215-231
    • Lamy, C.1    Bazergui, A.2    Kraus, H.3
  • 22
    • 33745683738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • van Dieen JH, van dV, Van Royen BJ, et al. Fatigue failure in shear loading of porcine lumbar spine segments. Spine 2006;31:E494-8.
    • van Dieen JH, van dV, Van Royen BJ, et al. Fatigue failure in shear loading of porcine lumbar spine segments. Spine 2006;31:E494-8.
  • 23
    • 33644877933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pure shear properties of lumbar spinal joints and the effect of tissue sectioning on load sharing
    • Lu WW, Luk KD, Holmes AD, et al. Pure shear properties of lumbar spinal joints and the effect of tissue sectioning on load sharing. Spine 2005;30:E204-9.
    • (2005) Spine , vol.30
    • Lu, W.W.1    Luk, K.D.2    Holmes, A.D.3
  • 24
    • 0033496799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties and failure mechanics of the spine under posterior shear load: Observations from a porcine model
    • Yingling VR, McGill SM. Mechanical properties and failure mechanics of the spine under posterior shear load: observations from a porcine model. J Spinal Disord 1999;12:501-8.
    • (1999) J Spinal Disord , vol.12 , pp. 501-508
    • Yingling, V.R.1    McGill, S.M.2
  • 25
    • 0019722388 scopus 로고
    • The relevance of torsion to the mechanical derangement of the lumbar spine
    • Adams MA, Hutton WC. The relevance of torsion to the mechanical derangement of the lumbar spine. Spine 1981;6:241-8.
    • (1981) Spine , vol.6 , pp. 241-248
    • Adams, M.A.1    Hutton, W.C.2
  • 26
    • 0020602990 scopus 로고
    • The mechanical function of the lumbar apophyseal joints
    • Adams MA, Hutton WC. The mechanical function of the lumbar apophyseal joints. Spine 1983;8:327-30.
    • (1983) Spine , vol.8 , pp. 327-330
    • Adams, M.A.1    Hutton, W.C.2
  • 27
    • 0036481721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in vitro human cadaveric study investigating the biomechanical properties of the thoracic spine
    • Oda I, Abumi K, Cunningham BW, et al. An in vitro human cadaveric study investigating the biomechanical properties of the thoracic spine. Spine 2002;27:E64-70.
    • (2002) Spine , vol.27
    • Oda, I.1    Abumi, K.2    Cunningham, B.W.3
  • 28
    • 0022898030 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical response of a lumbar motion segment in axial torque alone and combined with compression
    • Shirazi-Adl A, Ahmed AM, Shrivastava SC. Mechanical response of a lumbar motion segment in axial torque alone and combined with compression. Spine 1986;11:914-27.
    • (1986) Spine , vol.11 , pp. 914-927
    • Shirazi-Adl, A.1    Ahmed, A.M.2    Shrivastava, S.C.3
  • 29
    • 0033565511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomechanical role of the intervertebral disc and costovertebral joint in stability of the thoracic spine: A canine model study
    • Takeuchi T, Abumi K, Shono Y, et al. Biomechanical role of the intervertebral disc and costovertebral joint in stability of the thoracic spine: a canine model study. Spine 1999;24:1414-20.
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 1414-1420
    • Takeuchi, T.1    Abumi, K.2    Shono, Y.3
  • 30
    • 0030959567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Load-displacement properties of the thoracolumbar calf spine: Experimental results and comparison to known human data
    • Wilke HJ, Krischak ST, Wenger KH, et al. Load-displacement properties of the thoracolumbar calf spine: experimental results and comparison to known human data. Eur Spine J 1997;6:129-37.
    • (1997) Eur Spine J , vol.6 , pp. 129-137
    • Wilke, H.J.1    Krischak, S.T.2    Wenger, K.H.3
  • 31
    • 0042737755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of graded facetectomy and laminectomy on spinal biomechanics
    • Zander T, Rohlmann A, Klockner C, et al. Influence of graded facetectomy and laminectomy on spinal biomechanics. Eur Spine J 2003;12:427-34.
    • (2003) Eur Spine J , vol.12 , pp. 427-434
    • Zander, T.1    Rohlmann, A.2    Klockner, C.3
  • 32
    • 0019506831 scopus 로고
    • A biomechanical study of the ligamentous stability of the thoracic spine in man
    • Panjabi MM, Hausfeld JN, White AA III. A biomechanical study of the ligamentous stability of the thoracic spine in man. Acta Orthop Scand 1981;52:315-26.
    • (1981) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.52 , pp. 315-326
    • Panjabi, M.M.1    Hausfeld, J.N.2    White III, A.A.3
  • 33
    • 0017184108 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties of the human thoracic spine as shown by three-dimensional load-displacement curves
    • Panjabi MM, Brand RA Jr, White AA III. Mechanical properties of the human thoracic spine as shown by three-dimensional load-displacement curves. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1976;58:642-52.
    • (1976) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.58 , pp. 642-652
    • Panjabi, M.M.1    Brand Jr, R.A.2    White III, A.A.3
  • 34
    • 28344432893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative anatomy of the porcine and human thoracic spines with reference to thoracoscopic surgical techniques
    • Bozkus H, Crawford NR, Chamberlain RH, et al. Comparative anatomy of the porcine and human thoracic spines with reference to thoracoscopic surgical techniques. Surg Endosc 2005;19:1652-65.
    • (2005) Surg Endosc , vol.19 , pp. 1652-1665
    • Bozkus, H.1    Crawford, N.R.2    Chamberlain, R.H.3
  • 35
    • 0037092197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative morphometry of L4 vertebrae: Comparison of large animal models for the human lumbar spine
    • McLain RF, Yerby SA, Moseley TA. Comparative morphometry of L4 vertebrae: comparison of large animal models for the human lumbar spine. Spine 2002;27:E200-6.
    • (2002) Spine , vol.27
    • McLain, R.F.1    Yerby, S.A.2    Moseley, T.A.3
  • 36
    • 0026006202 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic human vertebrae: Quantitative three-dimensional anatomy
    • Panjabi MM, Takata K, Goel V, et al. Thoracic human vertebrae: quantitative three-dimensional anatomy. Spine 1991;16:888-901.
    • (1991) Spine , vol.16 , pp. 888-901
    • Panjabi, M.M.1    Takata, K.2    Goel, V.3
  • 37
    • 0019843199 scopus 로고
    • The longitudinal axis rotation of the apical vertebra, the vertebral, spinal, and rib cage deformity in idiopathic scoliosis studied by computer tomography
    • Aaro S, Dahlborn M. The longitudinal axis rotation of the apical vertebra, the vertebral, spinal, and rib cage deformity in idiopathic scoliosis studied by computer tomography. Spine 1981;6:567-72.
    • (1981) Spine , vol.6 , pp. 567-572
    • Aaro, S.1    Dahlborn, M.2
  • 38
    • 0001770655 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic scoliosis; the prognosis, diagnosis, and operative indications related to curve patterns and the age at onset
    • James JI. Idiopathic scoliosis; the prognosis, diagnosis, and operative indications related to curve patterns and the age at onset. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1954;36:36-49.
    • (1954) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.36 , pp. 36-49
    • James, J.I.1
  • 39
    • 0014890298 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic scoliosis: Analysis of curve patterns and the preliminary results of Milwaukee-brace treatment in one hundred sixtynine patients
    • Moe JH, Kettleson DN. Idiopathic scoliosis: analysis of curve patterns and the preliminary results of Milwaukee-brace treatment in one hundred sixtynine patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1970;52:1509-33.
    • (1970) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.52 , pp. 1509-1533
    • Moe, J.H.1    Kettleson, D.N.2
  • 41
    • 0000732804 scopus 로고
    • The incidence of scoliosis in the state of Delaware: A study of 50,000 minifilms of the chest made during a survey for tuberculosis
    • Shands AR Jr, Eisberg HB. The incidence of scoliosis in the state of Delaware: a study of 50,000 minifilms of the chest made during a survey for tuberculosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1955;37:1243-9.
    • (1955) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.37 , pp. 1243-1249
    • Shands Jr, A.R.1    Eisberg, H.B.2
  • 42
    • 0014253676 scopus 로고
    • Familial (idiopathic) scoliosis: A family survey
    • Wynne-Davies R. Familial (idiopathic) scoliosis: a family survey. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1968;50:24-30.
    • (1968) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.50 , pp. 24-30
    • Wynne-Davies, R.1
  • 43
    • 0003100491 scopus 로고
    • The medial inclination of the human thoracic intervertebral articular facets
    • Davis PR. The medial inclination of the human thoracic intervertebral articular facets. J Anat 1959;93:68-74.
    • (1959) J Anat , vol.93 , pp. 68-74
    • Davis, P.R.1
  • 44
    • 0024347571 scopus 로고
    • The contribution of the three columns of the spine to rotational stability: A biomechanical model
    • Haher TR, Felmy W, Baruch H, et al. The contribution of the three columns of the spine to rotational stability: a biomechanical model. Spine 1989;14:663-9.
    • (1989) Spine , vol.14 , pp. 663-669
    • Haher, T.R.1    Felmy, W.2    Baruch, H.3
  • 45
    • 33845750586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ex vivo and in vitro determination of the axial rotational axis of the human thoracic spine
    • Molnar S, Mano S, Kiss L, et al. Ex vivo and in vitro determination of the axial rotational axis of the human thoracic spine. Spine 2006;31:E984-91.
    • (2006) Spine , vol.31
    • Molnar, S.1    Mano, S.2    Kiss, L.3
  • 46
    • 0031284671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are sheep spines a valid biomechanical model for human spines?
    • Wilke HJ, Kettler A, Claes LE. Are sheep spines a valid biomechanical model for human spines? Spine 1997;22:2365-74.
    • (1997) Spine , vol.22 , pp. 2365-2374
    • Wilke, H.J.1    Kettler, A.2    Claes, L.E.3
  • 48
    • 0031931464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoscopic discectomy increases thoracic spine flexibility as effectively as open discectomy: A mechanical study in a porcine model
    • Wall EJ, Bylski-Austrow DI, Shelton FS, et al. Endoscopic discectomy increases thoracic spine flexibility as effectively as open discectomy: a mechanical study in a porcine model. Spine 1998;23:9-15.
    • (1998) Spine , vol.23 , pp. 9-15
    • Wall, E.J.1    Bylski-Austrow, D.I.2    Shelton, F.S.3
  • 49
    • 1642580589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intervertebral disk calcification of the spine in an elderly population: Radiographic prevalence, location, and distribution and correlation with spinal degeneration
    • Chanchairujira K, Chung CB, Kim JY, et al. Intervertebral disk calcification of the spine in an elderly population: radiographic prevalence, location, and distribution and correlation with spinal degeneration. Radiology 2004;230:499-503.
    • (2004) Radiology , vol.230 , pp. 499-503
    • Chanchairujira, K.1    Chung, C.B.2    Kim, J.Y.3
  • 50
    • 0027212208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmental vertebral rotation in early scoliosis
    • Xiong B, Sevastik J, Hedlund R, et al. Segmental vertebral rotation in early scoliosis. Eur Spine J 2004;2:37-41.
    • (2004) Eur Spine J , vol.2 , pp. 37-41
    • Xiong, B.1    Sevastik, J.2    Hedlund, R.3
  • 51
    • 33748881191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of preexistent vertebral rotation in the normal quadruped spine
    • Kouwenhoven JW, Vincken KL, Bartels LW, et al. Analysis of preexistent vertebral rotation in the normal quadruped spine. Spine 2006;31:E754-8.
    • (2006) Spine , vol.31
    • Kouwenhoven, J.W.1    Vincken, K.L.2    Bartels, L.W.3
  • 52
    • 33745060777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of preexistent vertebral rotation in the normal spine
    • Kouwenhoven JW, Vincken KL, Bartels LW, et al. Analysis of preexistent vertebral rotation in the normal spine. Spine 2006;31:1467-72.
    • (2006) Spine , vol.31 , pp. 1467-1472
    • Kouwenhoven, J.W.1    Vincken, K.L.2    Bartels, L.W.3
  • 53
    • 34247630659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between organ anatomy and preexistent vertebral rotation in the normal spine: MRI study in persons with Situs Inversus Totalis (SIT)
    • Kouwenhoven JW, Bartels LW, Vincken KL, et al. The relation between organ anatomy and preexistent vertebral rotation in the normal spine: MRI study in persons with Situs Inversus Totalis (SIT). Spine 2007;32:1123-8.
    • (2007) Spine , vol.32 , pp. 1123-1128
    • Kouwenhoven, J.W.1    Bartels, L.W.2    Vincken, K.L.3
  • 54
    • 0019811969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Willner S. Spinal pantograph: a non-invasive technique for describing kyphosis and lordosis in the thoraco-lumbar spine. Acta Orthop Scand 1981;52:525-9.
    • Willner S. Spinal pantograph: a non-invasive technique for describing kyphosis and lordosis in the thoraco-lumbar spine. Acta Orthop Scand 1981;52:525-9.
  • 55
    • 0026467061 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic scoliosis: Prognostic value of the profile
    • Castelein RM, Veraart B. Idiopathic scoliosis: prognostic value of the profile. Eur Spine J 1992.
    • (1992) Eur Spine J
    • Castelein, R.M.1    Veraart, B.2
  • 56
    • 0003768502 scopus 로고
    • Studien an den Extremitaetengelenken Neugeborener und Erwachsener
    • Hueter C. Anatomische Studien an den Extremitaetengelenken Neugeborener und Erwachsener. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol 1862:572-99.
    • (1862) Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol , pp. 572-599
    • Anatomische, H.C.1
  • 58
    • 77049268118 scopus 로고
    • The effects of pressure on epiphyseal growth: The mechanism of plasticity of growing bone
    • Arkin AM, Katz JF. The effects of pressure on epiphyseal growth: the mechanism of plasticity of growing bone. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1956;38:1056-76.
    • (1956) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.38 , pp. 1056-1076
    • Arkin, A.M.1    Katz, J.F.2
  • 60
    • 0029943576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical modulation of vertebral body growth: Implications for scoliosis progression
    • Stokes IA, Spence H, Aronsson DD, et al. Mechanical modulation of vertebral body growth: implications for scoliosis progression. Spine 1996;21:1162-7.
    • (1996) Spine , vol.21 , pp. 1162-1167
    • Stokes, I.A.1    Spence, H.2    Aronsson, D.D.3
  • 61
    • 34248325579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomechanical spinal growth modulation and progressive adolescent scoliosis: A test of the 'vicious cycle' pathogenetic hypothesis. Summary of an electronic focus group debate of the IBSE
    • Stokes IA, Burwell RG, Dangerfield PH. Biomechanical spinal growth modulation and progressive adolescent scoliosis: a test of the 'vicious cycle' pathogenetic hypothesis. Summary of an electronic focus group debate of the IBSE. Scoliosis 2006;1:16.
    • (2006) Scoliosis , vol.1 , pp. 16
    • Stokes, I.A.1    Burwell, R.G.2    Dangerfield, P.H.3
  • 62
    • 0033503876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical modulation of calf tail vertebral growth: Implications for scoliosis progression
    • Aronsson DD, Stokes IA, Rosovsky J, et al. Mechanical modulation of calf tail vertebral growth: implications for scoliosis progression. J Spinal Disord 1999;12:141-6.
    • (1999) J Spinal Disord , vol.12 , pp. 141-146
    • Aronsson, D.D.1    Stokes, I.A.2    Rosovsky, J.3
  • 63
    • 0018882108 scopus 로고
    • Experimental scoliosis by epiphysiodesis in pigs
    • Beguiristain JL, De Salis J, Oriaifo A, et al. Experimental scoliosis by epiphysiodesis in pigs. Int Orthop 1980;3:317-21.
    • (1980) Int Orthop , vol.3 , pp. 317-321
    • Beguiristain, J.L.1    De Salis, J.2    Oriaifo, A.3
  • 64
    • 0030910159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of vertebral wedging in an asymmetrically loaded rat tail model
    • Mente PL, Stokes IA, Spence H, et al. Progression of vertebral wedging in an asymmetrically loaded rat tail model. Spine 1997;22:1292-6.
    • (1997) Spine , vol.22 , pp. 1292-1296
    • Mente, P.L.1    Stokes, I.A.2    Spence, H.3
  • 65
    • 0032817695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical modulation of growth for the correction of vertebral wedge deformities
    • Mente PL, Aronsson DD, Stokes IA, et al. Mechanical modulation of growth for the correction of vertebral wedge deformities. J Orthop Res 1999;17:518-24.
    • (1999) J Orthop Res , vol.17 , pp. 518-524
    • Mente, P.L.1    Aronsson, D.D.2    Stokes, I.A.3
  • 66
    • 11044225028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of vertebral and tibial growth by compression loading: Diurnal versus full-time loading
    • Stokes IA, Gwadera J, Dimock A, et al. Modulation of vertebral and tibial growth by compression loading: diurnal versus full-time loading. J Orthop Res 2005;23:188-95.
    • (2005) J Orthop Res , vol.23 , pp. 188-195
    • Stokes, I.A.1    Gwadera, J.2    Dimock, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.