The measurement of ammonia blood levels in patients taking valproic acid: Looking for problems where they do not exist?

Epilepsy and Behavior

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 361-366

  Chicharro, Ada V ^a,b   de Marinis, Alejandro J ^b,c   Kanner, Andres M ^d  

^a HOSPITAL DR SÓTERO DEL RÍO   (Chile)

^b Liga Chilena contra la Epilepsia   (Chile)

^c UNIVERSIDAD DEL DESARROLLO   (Chile)

^d RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiepileptic drugs; Encephalopathy; Epilepsy; Hepatic failure; Valproic acid

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; VALPROIC ACID;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; AMMONIA BLOOD LEVEL; ANTICONVULSANT THERAPY; ARTICLE; BRAIN DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COCHRANE LIBRARY; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; HUMAN; HYPERAMMONEMIA; LIVER FUNCTION TEST; LIVER TOXICITY; LOADING DRUG DOSE; MEASUREMENT; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDLINE; MONOTHERAPY; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

AMMONIA; ANTICONVULSANTS; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MEDLINE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; VALPROIC ACID;

EID: 35748934470     PISSN: 15255050     EISSN: 15255069     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.06.015     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. 2006 Physicians' desk reference. Montvale, NJ: Thompson; 2005. p. 419.
2. Laub M.C. Nutritional influence on serum ammonia in young patients receiving sodium valproate. Epilepsia 27 (1986) 55-59
3. Warter J.M., Brandt C., Marescaux C., et al. The renal origin of sodium valproate induced hyperammonemia in fasting humans. Neurology 33 (1983) 1136-1140
4. Warter J.M., Imler M., Marescaux C., et al. Sodium valproate-induced hyperammonemia in the rat: role of the kidney. Eur J Pharmacol 87 (1983) 177-182
5. Warter J.M., Marescaux C., and Rumbach L. Lhyperammoniémie: une consequence inevitable des traitements par le valproate de sodium. J Méd Strasbourg 12 (1981) 421-422
6. Marescaux C., Walter J.M., Laroye M., et al. Le valproate de sodium: une drogue hyperammonemiante. J Neurol Sci 58 (1983) 195-209
7. Zaccara G., Campostrini R., Paganini M., et al. Acute changes of blood ammonia may predict short-term adverse effects of valproic acid. Neurology 34 (1984) 1519-1521
8. Paganini M., Zaccara G., Campostrini R., et al. Venous blood ammonia concentrations in adult epileptic patients are increased by treatment with valproic acid. Acta Neurol (Napoli) 6 (1984) 442-446
9. Zaccara G., Paganini M., Campostrini R., et al. Effect of associated antiepileptic treatment on valproate-induced hyperammonemia. Ther Drug Monit 7 (1985) 185-190
10. Zaccara G., Campostrini R., Paganini M., et al. Long term treatment with sodium valproate: monitoring of venous ammonia concentrations and adverse effects. Ther Drug Monit 9 (1987) 34-40
11. Navarro-Quezada F.J., Lluch-Fernández M.D., Vaquero-Abellán M., et al. Valoración del efecto prolongado con ácido valproico sobre los niveles plasmáticos de carnitina, amonio y aminoácidos relacionados con el ciclo de la urea en pacientes epilépticos pediátricos. Rev Neurol 25 (1997) 1037-1044
12. Coulter D.L., and Allen R.J. Hyperammonemia with valproic acid therapy. J Pediatr 99 (1981) 317-319
13. Batshaw M.L., and Brusilow S.W. Valproate-induced hyperammonemia. Ann Neurol 11 (1982) 319-321
14. Murphy J.V., and Marquardt K. Asymptomatic hyperammonemia in patients receiving valproic acid. Arch Neurol 39 (1982) 591-592
15. Ohtani Y., Endo F., and Matsuda I. Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonaemia associated with valproic acid therapy. J Pediatr 101 (1982) 782-785
16. Wyllie E., Wyllie R., Rothner A.D., et al. Valproate induced hyperammonemia in asymptomatic children. Cleve Clin Q 50 3 (1983) 275-277
17. Williams C.A., Tiefenbach S., and McReynolds J.W. Valproic acid -induced hyperammonemia in mentally retarded adults. Neurology 34 (1984) 550-553
18. Haidukewych D., John G., Zielinski J.J., et al. Chronic valproic acid therapy and incidence of increases in venous plasma ammonia. Ther Drug Monit 7 (1985) 290-294
19. Laub M.C. Hyperammonemia during valproic acid therapy in pediatric patients. Nervenartz 57 (1986) 314-318
20. Ettlin T., and Scollo-Lavizzari G. Hyperammonaemia during sodium valproate therapy: a finding of primary or limited importance?. Schweiz Rundschau Med 75 (1986) 881-885
21. Ratnaike R.N., Schapel G.J., Purdie G., et al. Hyperamonaemia and hepatotoxicity during chronic valproate therapy: enhancement by combination with other antiepileptic drugs. Br J Clin Pharmacol 22 (1986) 100-103
22. Iinuma K., Hayasaka K., Narisawa K., et al. Hyperamino-acidaemia and hyperammonaemia in epileptic children treated with valproic acid. Eur J Pediatr 148 (1988) 267-269
23. Thom H., Carter P.E., Cole G.F., et al. Ammonia and carnitine concentration in children treated with sodium valproate compared with other anticonvulsant drugs. Dev Med Child Neurol 33 (1991) 795-802
24. Kondo T., Ishida M., Kaneko S., et al. Is 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid, a hepatotoxic metabolite of valproate, responsible for valproate-induced hyperammonemia. Epilepsia 33 (1992) 550-554
25. Altunbasak S., Baytok V., Tasouji M., et al. Asymptomatic hyperammonemia in children treated with valproic acid. J Child Neurol 12 (1997) 461-463
26. Verrotti A., Greco R., Morgese G., et al. Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia in children receiving valproic acid with and without other anticonvulsant drugs. Int J Clin Lab Res 29 (1999) 39-40
27. Raja M., and Azzoni A. Valproate induced hyperammonaemia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 22 (2002) 631-633
28. Kugoh T., Yamamoto M., and Hosokawa K. Blood ammonia level during valproic acid therapy. Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol 40 (1986) 663-668
29. Barsotti R.J. Measurement of ammonia in blood. J Pediatr 138 1, Suppl. (2001) S11-S19 [Discussion S19-S20]