Prevalence of nocturnal enuresis, risk factors, associated familial factors and urinary pathology among school children in Iran

Journal of Pediatric Urology

Volumn 3, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 443-452

  Safarinejad, Mohammad R ^a  

^a SHAHID BEHESHTI UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

Associated factors; Enuresis; Epidemiology; School children; Urinary pathology

Indexed keywords

IMIPRAMINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BIRTH WEIGHT; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; DRINKING; ECHOGRAPHY; EDUCATION; EMPLOYMENT; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; FAMILIAL DISEASE; FAMILY HISTORY; FECES INCONTINENCE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCOME; INTERVIEW; IRAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MICTURITION; NOCTURNAL ENURESIS; PARENT; PATIENT COUNSELING; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; QUESTIONNAIRE; RISK FACTOR; SLEEP; URINALYSIS; URINARY TRACT DISEASE; URINE CULTURE;

EID: 35748934151     PISSN: 14775131     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2007.06.001     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. MacMahon B., and Pugh T.F. Epidemiology: principles and methods (1970), Little Brown, Boston
2. Foxman B., Valdez R.B., and Brook R.H. Childhood enuresis: prevalence, perceived impact and prescribed treatments. Pediatrics 77 (1986) 482-487
3. Moffat M.E.K. Nocturnal enuresis: psychologic implications of treatment and nontreatment. J Pediatr 114 (1989) 697-704
4. Alon U.S. Nocturnal enuresis. Pediatr Nephrol 9 (1995) 94-103
5. Butler R.J. Annotation: night wetting in children: psychological aspects. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 39 (1998) 453-463
6. Byrd R.S., Weitzman M., Lanphear N.E., and Auinger P. Bed-wetting in US children: epidemiology and related behavioral problems. Pediatrics 98 (1996) 414-419
7. Hackett R., Hackett L., Bhakta P., and Gowers S. Enuresis and encopresis in a south Indian population of children. Child Care Health Dev 27 (2001) 35-46
8. Chiozza M.L., Bernardinelli L., Caione P., Del Gado R., Ferrara P., Giorgi P.L., et al. An Italian epidemiological multicentre study of nocturnal enuresis. Br J Urol 81 (1998) S86-S89
9. Lee S.D., Sohn D.W., Lee J.Z., Park N.C., and Chung M.K. An epidemiological study of enuresis in Korean children. BJU Int 85 (2000) 869-873
10. Kanaheswari Y. Epidemiology of childhood nocturnal enuresis in Malaysia. J Paediatr Child Health 39 (2003) 118-123
11. Cher T.W., Lin G.J., and Hsu K.H. Prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and associated familial factors in primary school children in Taiwan. J Urol 168 (2002) 1142-1146
12. Hansakunachai T., Ruangdaraganon N., Udomsubpayakul U., Sombuntham T., and Kotchabhakdi N. Epidemiology of enuresis among school-age children in Thailand. J Dev Behav Pediatr 26 5 (2005) 356-360
13. Gür E., Turhan P., Can G., Akkus S., Sever L., Guzeloz S., et al. Enuresis: prevalence, risk factors and urinary pathology among school children in Istanbul, Turkey. Pediatr Int 46 (2004) 58-63
14. Bower W.F., Moore K.H., Shepherd R.B., and Adams R.D. The epidemiology of childhood enuresis in Australia. Br J Urol 78 (1996) 602-606
15. Kalo B.B., and Bella H. Enuresis: prevalence and associated factors among primary school children in Saudi Arabia. Acta Paediatr 85 (1996) 1217-1222
16. Yeung C.K. Nocturnal enuresis in Hong Kong: different Chinese phenotypes. Scand J Urol Nephrol 183 (1996) 17-21
17. Spee-van der Wekke J., Hirasing R.A., Meulmeester J.F., and Radder J.J. Childhood nocturnal enuresis in the Netherlands. Urology 51 (1998) 1022-1026
18. Fergusson D.M., Horwood L.J., and Shannon F.T. Factors related to the age of attainment of nocturnal bladder control: an 8-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics 78 (1986) 884-890
19. Rahim I.A., and Cederblad M. Epidemiology of nocturnal enuresis in a part of Khartoum, Sudan the extensive study. Acta Paediatr Scand 75 (1986) 1017-1020
20. Laumann E.O., Gagnon J.H., Michael R.T., and Michaels S. The social organization of sexuality: sexual practices in the United States (1994), University of Chicago Press, Chicago
21. Chang P., Chen W.J., Tsai W.Y., and Chin Y.N. An epidemiological study of nocturnal enuresis in Taiwanese children. BJU Int 87 (2001) 678-681
22. Serel T.A., Akhan G., Koyuncuoglu H.R., Ozturk A., Dogruer K., Unal S., et al. Epidemiology of enuresis in Turkish children. Scand J Urol Nephrol 31 (1997) 537-539
23. Hellström A.L., Hanson E., Hansson S., Hjälmas K., and Jodal V. Micturition habits and incontinence in 7-year-old Swedish school entrants. Eur J Pediatr 149 (1990) 434-437
24. Verhulst F.C., van der Lee J.H., Akkerhuis G.W., Sanders-Woudstra J.A.R., Timmer F.C., and Donkhorst I.D. The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis: do DSM III criteria need to be changed? A brief research report. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 26 (1985) 989-993
25. Devlin J.B. Prevalence and risk factors for childhood nocturnal enuresis. Arch Dis Child 84 (1992) 118-120
26. Oppel W.C., Harber P.A., and Rider R.V. The age of attaining bladder control. Pediatrics 42 (1968) 614-626
27. Bloom D.A., Seeley W.W., Ritchey M.L., and McGuire E.J. Toilet habits and continence in children: an opportunity sampling in search of normal parameters. J Urol 149 (1993) 1087-1090
28. Watanabe H., and Kawauchi A. Nocturnal enuresis: social aspects and treatment perspectives in Japan. Scand J Urol Nephrol 163 suppl. (1994) 29-38
29. McGee R., Makinson T., Williams S., Simpson A., and Silva P. A longitudinal study of enuresis from five to nine years. Aust Paediatr J 20 (1984) 39-42
30. Järvelin M.R., Vikeväinen-Tervonen L., Moilamen I., and Huttunen N.P. Enuresis in seven-year-old children. Acta Paediatr Scand 77 (1988) 148-153
31. Lottmann H. Enuresis treatment in France. Scand J Urol Nephrol 202 suppl. (1999) 66-69
32. Mattsson S. Urinary incontinence and nocturia in healthy schoolchildren. Acta Paediatr 83 (1994) 950-954
33. Schulpen T.W., Hirasing R.A., de Jong T.P., van der Heyden A.J., Dijkstra R.H., Sukhai R.N., et al. Going Dutch in nocturnal enuresis. Acta Paediatr 85 (1996) 199-203
34. Moilanen I., Tirkkonen T., Jarvelin M.R., Linna S.L., Almqvist F., Piha J., et al. A follow-up of enuresis from childhood to adolescence. Br J Urol 81 suppl.3 (1998) 94-97
35. Gümus B., Vurgun N., Lekili M., Iscan A., Müezzinoǧlu T., and Büyüksu C. Prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and accompanying factors in children aged 7-11 years in Turkey. Acta Paediatr 88 (1999) 1369-1372
36. Liu X., Sun Z., Uchiyama M., Li Y., and Okawa M. Attaining nocturnal urinary control, nocturnal enuresis, and behavioral problems in Chinese children aged 6 through 16 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 (2000) 1557-1564
37. Nuhriawangsa I., and Surjono S. Enuresis among schoolchildren aged 4-7 years in Yogyakarta. J Psychiatr Assoc Thailand 26 (1981) 157-169
38. Rutter M., Yule W., and Graham P. Enuresis and behavioral deviance: some epidemiological considerations. In: Kolvin I., MacKeith R.C., and Meadow S.P. (Eds). Bladder control and enuresis clinics in developmental medicine (1973), Lippincott, Washington 47-57
39. Schmitt B.D. Nocturnal enuresis. Pediatr Rev 18 (1997) 183-190
40. Haque M., Ellerstein N.S., Gundy J.H., Shelov S.P., Weiss J.C., McIntire M.S., et al. Parental perceptions of enuresis: a collaborative study. Am J Dis Child 135 (1981) 809-811
41. Forsythe W.I., and Redmond A. Enuresis and spontaneous cure rate. Arch Dis Child 49 (1974) 259-263
42. Goin R.P. Nocturnal enuresis in children. Child Care Health Dev 24 (1998) 277-288
43. Hublin C., Kaprio J., Partinen M., and Koskenvuo M. Nocturnal enuresis in a nationwide twin cohort. Sleep 21 (1998) 579-585
44. von Gontard A., Hollmann E., Eiberg H., Benden B., Rittig S., and Lehmkuhl G. Clinical enuresis phenotypes in familial nocturnal enuresis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 183 suppl. (1997) 11-16
45. Hollmann E., Von Gontard A., Eiberg H., Rittig S., and Lehmkuhl G. Molecular genetic, clinical and psychiatric associations in nocturnal enuresis. Br J Urol 81 suppl.3 (1998) 37-39
46. Arnell H., Hjalmas K., Jagervall M., Lackgren G., Stenberg A., Bengtsson B., et al. The genetics of primary nocturnal enuresis: inheritance and suggestion of a second major gene on chromosome 12q. J Med Genet 34 (1997) 360-365
47. Eiberg H., Shaumburg H.L., Von Gontard A., and Rittig S. Linkage study of a large Danish 4-generation family with urge incontinence and nocturnal enuresis. J Urol 166 (2001) 2401-2403
48. Eiberg H., Berendt I., and Mohr J. Assignment of dominant inherited nocturnal enuresis (ENUR1) to chromosome 13q. Nat Genet 10 (1995) 354-356
49. von Gontard A., Eiberg H., Hollmann E., Rittig S., and Lehmkuhl G. Molecular genetics of nocturnal enuresis: linkage to a locus on chromosome 22. Scand J Urol Nephrol 202 suppl. (1999) 76-80
50. Eiberg H. Total genome scan analysis in a single extended family for primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE). Evidence for a new locus (ENUR 3) for PNE on chromosome 22q.11. Eur Urol 33 (1998) 34-36
51. von Gontard A., Eiberg H., Hollmann E., Rittig S., and Lehmkuhl G. Molecular genetics of nocturnal enuresis: clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Acta Paediatr 87 (1998) 571-578
52. von Gontard A., Schaumburg H., Hollmann E., Eiberg H., and Rittig S. The genetics of enuresis-a review. J Urol 166 (2001) 2438-2443
53. Mark S.D., and Frank J.D. Nocturnal enuresis. Br J Urol 75 (1995) 427-434
54. Dische S. Childhood enuresis. Practitioner 221 (1978) 323-330
55. Rona R.J., Li I., and Chinn S. Determinants of nocturnal enuresis in England and Scotland in the '90s. Dev Med Child Neurol 39 (1997) 677-681
56. Eapen V., and Mabrouk A.M. Prevalence and correlates of nocturnal enuresis in the United Arab Emirates. Saudi Med J 24 (2003) 49-51
57. Akis N., Irgil E., and Aytekin N. Enuresis and the effective factors a case control study. Scand J Urol Nephrol 36 (2002) 199-203
58. Bakwin H. The genetic of enuresis. In: Kolvin R.M., and Meadows S.R. (Eds). Bladder control and enuresis (1973), Medical Books Ltd, London 73-77
59. Hjalmas K., Arnold T., Bower W., Caione P., Chiozza L.M., von Gontard A., et al. Nocturnal enuresis: an international evidence based management strategy. J Urol 171 (2004) 2545-2561
60. von Gontard A. Annotation: day and night wetting in children-a pediatric and child psychiatric perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 39 (1998) 439-451
61. Osungbade K.O., and Oshiname F.O. Prevalence and perception of nocturnal enuresis in children of a rural community in southwestern Nigeria. Trop Doct 33 (2003) 234-236
62. Smedje H., Broman J.E., and Hetta J. Parents' reports of disturbed sleep in 5-7-year-old Swedish children. Acta Paediatr 88 (1999) 858-865
63. Neveus T., Hetta J., Cnattingius S., Tuvemo T., Lackgren G., Olsson U., et al. Depth of sleep and sleep habits among enuretic and incontinent children. Acta Paediatr 88 (1999) 748-752
64. Watanabe H., and Kawauchi A. Locus coeruleus function in enuresis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 202 Suppl. (1999) 14-17
65. Graham P. Depth of sleep in enuresis: a critical review. Bladder control and enuresis (1973), Heinemann, London 18-83
66. Norgaard J.P., and Djurhuus J.C. The pathophysiology of enuresis in children and young adults. Clin Pediatr 32 (1993) 5-9
67. Shelov S.P., Gundy J., Weiss J.C., McIntire M.S., Olness K., Staub H.P., et al. Enuresis: a contrast of attitudes of parents and physicians. Pediatrics 67 (1981) 707-710