Directed connectivity among fish populations in a riverine network

Journal of Applied Ecology

Volumn 44, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 1116-1126

  Schick, Robert S ^a,b   Lindley, Steven T ^a  

^a SOUTHWEST FISHERIES SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

California; Chinook salmon; Connectivity; Dispersal; Evolutionarily significant unit (ESU); Graph theory; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Population spatial structure; Restoration

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; CONNECTIVITY; DAM CONSTRUCTION; DISPERSAL; GRAPHICAL METHOD; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT STRUCTURE; POPULATION DECLINE; RESTORATION ECOLOGY; RIVER WATER; SALMONID; SPAWNING;

CALIFORNIA; CENTRAL VALLEY; FEATHER RIVER; NORTH AMERICA; PIT RIVER; UNITED STATES;

ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA;

EID: 35648977688     PISSN: 00218901     EISSN: 13652664     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01383.x     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Albert, R. Barabási, A.-L. (2002) Statistical mechanics of complex networks. Reviews of Modern Physics, 74, 47 97.
2. Barrat, A., Barthelemy, M., Pastor-Satorras, R. Vespignani, A. (2004) The architecture of complex weighted networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 101, 3747 3752.
3. Bascompte, J., Jordano, P. Oleson, J.M. (2006) Asymmetric coevolutionary networks facilitate biodiversity maintenance. Science, 312, 431 433.
4. Bjorkstedt, E.P., Spence, B.C., Garza, J.C., Hankin, D.G., Fuller, D., Jones, W.E., Smith, J.J. Macedo, R. (2005) An Analysis of Historical Population Structure for Evolutionarily Significant Units of Chinook Salmon, Coho Salmon, and Steelhead in the North-Central California Coast Recovery Domain. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SWFSC-382 : 1 210. US Department of Commerce, La Jolla, CA.
5. Brooks, C.P. (2006) Quantifying population substructure: extending the graph-theoretic approach. Ecology, 87, 864 872.
6. Brown, J.H. Kodric-Brown, A. (1977) Turnover rates in insular biogeography: effect of immigration on extinction. Ecology, 58, 445 449.
7. Bunn, A.G., Urban, D.L. Keitt, T.H. (2000) Landscape connectivity: a conservation application of graph theory. Journal of Environmental Management, 59, 265 278.
8. Clark, J.S., Macklin, E. Wood, L. (1998) Stages and spatial scales of recruitment limitation in southern Appalachian forests. Ecological Monographs, 68, 213 235.
9. Clark, J.S., Silman, M., Kern, R., Macklin, E. HilleRisLambers, J. (1999) Seed dispersal near and far: patterns across temperate and tropical forests. Ecology, 80, 1475 1494.
10. Cooper, A.B. Mangel, M. (1999) The dangers of ignoring metapopulation structure for the conservation of salmonids. Fishery Bulletin, 97, 213 226.
11. Dunham, J. Rieman, B. (1999) Metapopulation structure of bull trout: influences of physical, biotic, and geometrical landscape characteristics. Ecological Applications, 9, 642 655.
12. Fagan, W. (2002) Connectivity, fragmentation, and extinction risk in dendritic metapopulations. Ecology, 83, 3243 3249.
13. Fahrig, L. Merriam, G. (1985) Habitat patch connectivity and population survival. Ecology, 66, 1762 1768.
14. Fortuna, M.A., Gómez-Rodríguez, C. Bascompte, J. (2006) Spatial network structure and amphibian persistence in stochastic environments. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B, 273, 1429 1434.
15. Gastner, M.T. Newman, M.E.J. (2006) The spatial structure of networks. European Physical Journal B, 49, 247 252.
16. Gharrett, A., Gray, A. Brykov, V. (2001) Phylogeographic analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation in Alaskan coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch. Fishery Bulletin, 99, 528 544.
17. Gotelli, N. Taylor, C. (1999) Testing metapopulation models with stream-fish assemblages. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 1, 835 845.
18. Gustafson, E. Gardner, R. (1996) The effect of landscape heterogeneity on the probability of patch colonization. Ecology, 77, 94 107.
19. Guthrie, C. III Wilmot, R. (2004) Genetic structure of wild chinook salmon populations of southeast Alaska and northern British Columbia. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 69, 81 93.
20. Hanski, I. Gilpin, M. (1991) Metapopulation dynamics: brief history and conceptual domain. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 42, 3 16.
21. Harary, F. (1969) Graph Theory. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
22. Hastings, A. (1993) Complex interactions between dispersal and dynamics: lessons from coupled logistic equations. Ecology, 74, 1362 1372.
23. Hayes, B. (2000a) Graph theory in practice; part I. American Scientist, 88, 9 13.
24. Hayes, B. (2000b) Graph theory in practice; part II. American Scientist, 88, 104 -109.
25. Hess, G.R. (1996a) Disease in metapopulation models: implications for conservation. Ecology, 77, 1617 1632.
26. Hess, G.R. (1996b) Linking extinction to connectivity and habitat destruction in metapopulation models. American Naturalist, 148, 226 236.
27. Jansson, R., Backx, H., Boulton, A.J., Dixon, M., Dudgeon, D., Hughes, F.M.R., Nakamura, K., Stanley, E.H., Tockner, K. (2005) Stating mechanisms and refining criteria for ecologically successful river restoration: a comment on Palmer et al. (2005). Journal of Applied Ecology, 42, 218 222.
28. Kareiva, P. (1990) Population dynamics in spatially complex environments: theory and data. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B, 330, 175 190.
29. Kareiva, P. Wennergren, U. (1995) Connecting landscape patterns to ecosystem and population processes. Nature, 373, 299 302.
30. Keeling, M.J., Bjørnstad, O.N. Grenfell, B.T. (2004) Metapopulation dynamics of infectious disease. Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution of Metapopulations (eds I. Hanski O. E. Gaggiotti), pp. 415 445. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
31. Keitt, T.H., Urban, D.L. Milne, B.T. (1997) Detecting critical scales in fragmented landscapes. Conservation Ecology, 1. Available at : http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol1/iss1/art4/ (accessed 19 August 2007).
32. Lande, R., Engen, S. Sæther, B.-E. (1999) Spatial scale of population synchrony: environmental correlation versus dispersal and density regulation. American Naturalist, 154, 271 281.
33. van Langevelde, F., van der Knaap, W.G.M. Claassen, G.D.H. (1998) Comparing connectivity in landscape networks. Environment and Planning, B, Planning and Design, 25, 849 863.
34. Levins, R. (1969) Some demographic and genetic consequences of environmental heterogeneity for biological control. Bulletin of the of the Entomological Society of America, 15, 237 240.
35. Lindley, S.T., Schick, R.S., May, B.P., Anderson, J.J., Green, S., Hanson, C., Low, A., McEwan, D., MacFarlane, R.B., Swanson. C. Williams, J.G. (2004) Population structure of threatened and endangered chinook salmon ESUs in California's Central Valley Basin. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SWFSC-360 : 1 56. US Department of Commerce, La Jolla, CA.
36. McElhany, P., Ruckelshaus, M., Ford, M., Wainwright, T. Bjorkstedt, E. (2000) Viable Salmonid Populations and the Recovery of Evolutionarily Significant Units. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SWFSC-42 : 1 156. US Department of Commerce, Seattle, WA.
37. Milner, A. Bailey, R. (1989) Salmonid colonization of new streams in Glacier Bay National Park. Alaska Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 20, 179 192.
38. Newman, M. (2003) The structure and function of complex networks. SIAM Review, 45, 167 256.
39. Olsen, J., Miller, S., Spearman, W. Wenburg, J. (2003) Patterns of intra- and inter-population genetic diversity in Alaskan coho salmon: implications for conservation. Conservation Genetics, 4, 557 569.
40. Palmer, M.A., Bernhardt, E.S., Allan, J.D., Lanke, P.S., Alexander, G., Brooks, S., Carr, J., Clayton, S., Dahm, F.S.J., Galat, C.N., D.L., Loss, S.G., Goodwin, P., Hart, D.D., Hassett, B., Jenkinson, R., Kondolf, G.M., Lave, R., Meyer, J.L., O'Donnell, T.K., Pagano, L. Sudduth, E. (2005) Standards for ecologically successful river restoration. Journal of Applied Ecology, 42, 208 217.
41. Pickett, S.T.A. White, P.S. (1985) Patch dynamics: a synthesis. The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics (eds. S.T.A. Pickett P.S. White), pp. 371 384. Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL.
42. Proulx, S., Promislow, D. Phillips, P. (2005) Network thinking in ecology and evolution. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20, 345 353.
43. Pulliam, H. (1988) Sources, sinks, and population regulation. American Naturalist, 132, 652 661.
44. Quinn, T. (1993) A review of homing and straying of wild and hatchery-produced salmon. Fisheries Research, 18, 29 44.
45. Ricker, W. (1972) Hereditary and environmental factors affecting certain salmonid populations. The Stock Concept in Pacific Salmon (eds R. Simon P. Larkin), pp. 27 160. H. R. MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.
46. Schooley, R.L. Wiens, J.A. (2003) Finding habitat patches and directional connectivity. Oikos, 102, 559 570.
47. Shrimpton, J.M. Heath, D.D. (2003) Census vs. effective population size in chinook salmon: large- and small-scale environmental perturbation effects. Molecular Ecology, 12, 2571 2583.
48. Strogatz, S. (2001) Exploring complex networks. Nature, 410, 268 276.
49. Sultan, S.E. Spencer, H.G. (2002) Metapopulation structure favors plasticity over local adaptation. American Naturalist, 160, 271 283.
50. Taylor, P.D., Fahrig, L., Henein, K. Merriam, G. (1993) Connectivity is a vital element of landscape structure. Oikos, 68, 571 573.
51. Tilman, D. Lehman, C. (1997) Habitat destruction and species extinctions. Spatial Ecology (eds D. Tilman P. Kareiva), pp. 233 249. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
52. Urban, D. Keitt, T. (2001) Landscape connectivity: a graph-theoretic perspective. Ecology, 82, 1205 1218.
53. Waples, R. (1991) Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus spp. and the definition of 'species' under the Endangered Species Act. Marine Fisheries Review, 53, 11 22.
54. Waples, R. (1998) Evolutionarily significant units, distinct population segments, and the Endangered Species Act: reply to Pennock and Dimmick. Conservation Biology, 12, 718 721.
55. Waples, R.S. Gaggiotti, O. (2006) What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity. Molecular Ecology, 15, 1419 1439.
56. Watkinson, A.R. Sutherland, W.J. (1995) Sources, sinks and oseudo-sinks. Journal of Animal Ecology, 64, 126 130.
57. Watts, D. (2004) The 'new' science of networks. Annual Review of Sociology, 30, 243 270.
58. Wennergren, U., Ruckelshaus, M. Kareiva, P. (1995) The promise and limitations of spatial models in conservation biology. Oikos, 74, 349 356.
59. Wiens, J.A. (2002) Riverine landscapes: taking landscape ecology into the water. Freshwater Biology, 47, 501 515.
60. Wood, C. (1995) Life history variation and population structure in sockeye salmon. Evolution and the Aquatic Ecosystem: Defining Unique Units in Population Conservation, American Fisheries Society Symposium 17 (ed. J.L. Nielsen), pp. 195 216. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD.
61. Yoshiyama, R.M., Gerstung, E.R., Fisher, F.W. Moyle, P.B. (2001) Historic and present distribution of chinook salmon in the Central Valley drainage of California. Fish Bulletin 179: Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids, vol. 1. (ed. R.L. Brown), pp. 71 176. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA.