Human security and development in Africa

International Affairs

Volumn 83, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 1155-1170

  Poku, Nana K ^a   Renwick, Neil ^a   Porto, Joao Gomes ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 35549010688     PISSN: 00205850     EISSN: 14682346     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2346.2007.00679.x     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. See Zartman I. William, 'The African states', in Nana K. Poku and Jeggan Senghor, Towards Africa's renewal (London: Ashgate Press, 2007).
2. Thomas Kwasi Tieku, 'African Union promotion of human security in Africa', African Security Review 16: 2, 2007, pp. 26-37.
3. Draft text as adopted by the first meeting of the African ministers of defence and security on the establishment of the African Standby Force and the Common African Defence and Security Policy, 20-22 Jan. 2004, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The text was adopted during the African Union summit of the same year.
4. Tieku, 'African Union promotion of human security in Africa', p. 27.
5. World Value Survey (2000-6) wave, 6 countries; Afrobarometer survey, 2001-3, 12 countries.
6. African Development Bank, African Development Report 2006 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006).
7. OECD 2006.
8. World Bank 2006.
9. UNDP 2006.
10. G8, 'Growth and responsibility in Africa - summit declaration, annex: summary of G8-Africa personal representatives' joint progress report on the G8-Africa Partnership', G8 Summit 2007 Secretariat, Heiligendamm, 8 Juue 2007.
11. President Thabo Mbeki, address to the joint sitting of the National Assembly and the National Council on the New Partnership for Africa's Development, 31 Oct. 2001.
12. World Bank, 2000, p. 235.
13. At the 2002 Kananaskis summit G8 leaders declared: 'Each of us will decide, in accordance with our respective priorities and procedures, how we will allocate the additional money we have pledged. Assuming strong African policy commitments, and given recent assistance trends, we believe that in aggregate half or more of our new development assistance could be directed to African nations that govern justly, invest in their own people and promote economic freedom.'
14. Capital flows into Africa have declined greatly in real terms since the early 1980s. In 2000 the real per capita inflows were less than a third of what they had been two decades earlier. Over the same period sub-Saharan Africa's share of total capital inflows to developing countries declined from more than 20% to 10% (UNCTAD, 2001, p. 19).
15. Privatizations have played an important role in the integration of Africa's financial markets into the global system. The creation of stock exchanges to facilitate privatization and the fact that the shares of financial institutions have accounted for a significant proportion of trading on most of these new exchanges have been important contributory factors.
16. UNCTAD 2001; Akyuz 2003.
17. IMF/World Bank, 'Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative: status of implementation' (Washington DC: IMF/World Bank, 20 Aug. 2004), p. 7.