A review of locking compression plate biomechanics and their advantages as internal fixators in fracture healing

Clinical Biomechanics

Volumn 22, Issue 10, 2007, Pages 1049-1062

  Miller, Danielle L ^a   Goswami, Tarun ^a,b  

^a Wright State University   (United States)

^b WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Fracture; Internal fixation; Locking compression plate

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; BONE; MEDICAL PROBLEMS; ORTHOPEDICS; QUALITY ASSURANCE; SCREWS;

INTERNAL FIXATION; LOCKING COMPRESSION PLATE;

BIOMECHANICS;

CHROMIUM; COBALT; MOLYBDENUM; STAINLESS STEEL; TITANIUM;

BIOMECHANICS; BONE BLOOD FLOW; BONE NAIL; BONE PLATE; BONE SCREW; COMPRESSION; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; FRACTURE HEALING; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; OPEN REDUCTION; OSTEOPOROSIS; OSTEOSYNTHESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; RIGIDITY; VASCULARIZATION;

ALLOYS; BIOMECHANICS; BONE AND BONES; BONE PLATES; BONE SCREWS; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FRACTURE FIXATION; FRACTURE FIXATION, INTERNAL; FRACTURE HEALING; HUMANS; INTERNAL FIXATORS; STAINLESS STEEL; TITANIUM;

EID: 35548978552     PISSN: 02680033     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2007.08.004     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Aguila A.Z., Manos J.M., Orlansky A.S., Todhunter R.J., Trotter E.J., and Van der Meulen M.C. In vitro biomechanical comparison of limited contact dynamic compression plate and locking compression plate. Vet. Comp. Orthop. Traumatol. 18 4 (2005) 220-226
2. Ahmad M., Nanda A.S., Bajwa A.S., Candal-Couto J., Green S., and Hui A.C. Biomechanical testing of the locking compression plate: When does the distance between bone and implant significantly reduce construct stability?. Injury 38 (2007) 358-364
3. Aro H.T., and Chao E.Y.S. Bone-healing patterns affected by loading, fracture fragment stability, fracture type, and fracture site compression. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 293 (1993) 8-17
4. ASTM F136, 2002a. Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56401). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.
5. ASTM F136, 1998e1. Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy (UNS R56401) for Surgical Implant Applications. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.
6. ASTM F138, 2000. Standard Specification for Wrought 18 Chromium-14 Nickel-2.5 Molybdenum Stainless Steel Bar and Wire for Surgical Implants (UNS S31673). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.
7. ASTM F138, 2003. Standard Specification for Wrought 18 Chromium-14 Nickel-2.5 Molybdenum Stainless Steel Bar and Wire for Surgical Implants (UNS S31673). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.
8. Baumgaertel F., Buhl M., and Rahn B.A. Fracture healing in biological plate osteosynthesis. Injury 29 3 (1998) S-C3-S-C6
9. Bolhofner B.R., Carmne B., and Clifford P. The results of open reduction and internal fixation of distal femur fractures using biologic (indirect) reduction technique. J. Orthop. Trauma 10 (1996) 372-377
10. Bruneel N., and Helsen J.A. In vitro simulation of biocompatibility of Ti-Al-V. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 22 (1988) 203-214
11. Committee on Trauma Research, Commission on Lite Sciences, National Research Council, and the Institute of Medicine: Injury in America, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1985.
12. Dee R., Hurst L.C., Gruber M.A., and Kottmeier S.A. Principles of Orthopaedic Practice. 2nd ed. (1997), McGraw-Hill, New York
13. Edwards S.L., Wilson N.A., Zhang L.Q., Flores S., and Merk B.R. Two-part surgical neck fractures of the proximal part of the humerus. A biomechanical evaluation of two fixation techniques. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 88 10 (2006) 2258-2264
14. Faruok O., Krettek C., Miclau T., Schandelmaier P., Guy P., and Tscherne H. Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and vascularity: preliminary results of a cadaver infection study. Injury 28 (1997) S-A7-S-A12
15. Frigg R. Locking compression plate (LCP). An osteosynthesis plate based on the dynamic compression plate and the point contact fixator (PC-Fix). Injury 32 (2001) 63-66
16. Frigg R. Development of the locking compression plate. Injury 34 (2003) S-B6-S-B10
17. Fulkerson E., Egol K.A., Kubiak E.N., Liporace F., Kummer F.J., and Koval K.J. Fixation of diaphyseal fractures with a segmental defect: a biomechanical comparison of locked and conventional plating techniques. J. Trauma 60 4 (2006) 830-835
18. Gardner M.J., Brophy R.H., Campbell D., Mahajan A., Wright T.M., Helfet D.L., and Lorich D.G. The mechanical behavior of locking compression plates compared with dynamic compression plates in a cadaver radius model. J. Orthop. Trauma 19 9 (2005) 597-603
19. Gardner M.J., Griffith M.H., Demetrakopoulos D., Brophy R.H., Grose A., Helfet D.L., and Lorich D.G. Hybrid locked plating of osteoporotic fractures of the humerus. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 88 9 (2006) 1962-1967
20. Gautier E., and Ganz R. Die biologische plattenosteosysnthese [The biological plate osteosysnthesis]. Zentralbl. Chir. 119 (1994) 564-572
21. Gautier E., and Sommer C. Guidelines for the clinical application of the LCP. Injury 34 (2003) S-B63-S-B76
22. Gautier E., Perren S.M., and Cordey J. Effect of plate position relative to bending direction on the rigidity of a plate osteosysnthesis. A theoretical analysis. Injury 31 (2000) S-C14-S-C20
23. Gautier E., Perren S.M., and Cordey J. Strain distribution in plated and unplated sheep tibia. An in vivo experiment. Injury 31 (2000) S-C37-S-C44
24. Goswami T., and Hoeppner D.W. Pitting corrosion fatigue in aircraft structural materials. In: Chang C.I., and Sun C.T. (Eds). ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Structural Integrity in Aging Aircraft AD vol. 47 (1995), ASME 129-139
25. Greiwe R.M., and Archdeacon M.T. Locking plate technology: current concepts. J. Knee Surg. 20 1 (2007) 50-55
26. Hallab N., Merritt K., and Jacobs J.J. Metal sensitivity in patients with orthopaedic implants. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 83A 3 (2001) 428-436
27. Hasenboehler E., Rikli D., and Babst R. Locking compression plate with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in diaphyseal and distal tibial fractures: a retrospective study of 32 patients. Injury 38 3 (2007) 365-370
28. Hazarika S., Chakravarthy J., and Cooper J. Minimally invasive locking plate osteosynthesis for fractures of the distal tibia - results in 20 patients. Injury 37 (2006) 877-887
29. Hente R., Lechner J., Fuechmeier B., Schlegel U., and Perren S.M. Einfluss einer zeitlich limitierten kontrollierten Bewegung auf die Frakturheiling. Hefte Unfallchirurg 283 (2001) 23-24
30. Jacobs J., Gilbert J., and Urban R. Corrosion of metal orthopaedic implants. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 80 2 (1998) 268-282
31. Kaab M.J., Frenk A., Schmeling A., Schaser K., Schutz M., and Haas N.P. Locked internal fixator: sensitivity of screw/plate stability to the correct insertion angle of the screw. J. Orthop. Trauma 18 8 (2004) 483-487
32. Kim T., Ayturk U.M., Haskell A., Miclau T., and Puttlitz C.M. Fixation of osteoporotic distal fibula fractures: A biomechanical comparison of locking versus conventional plates. J. Foot Ankle Surg. 46 1 (2007) 2-6
33. Klaue K., Fengels I., and Perren S.M. Long-term effects of plate osteosynthesis: Comparison of four different plates. Injury 31 (2000) S-B51-S-B62
34. Krettek C., Schandelmaier P., and Tscherne H. Distale femurfraktturen. transartikulare rekonstruktion, perkutane plattenosteosynthese und retrograde nagelung. Unfallchirurg 99 (1996) 2-10
35. Leunig M., Hertel R., Siebenrock K., Balmer F., Mast J., and Ganz R. The evaluation of indirect reduction techniques for the treatment of fractures. Clin. Orthop. 375 (2001) 7-314
36. Lill H., Hepp P., Kroner J., Kassi J.P., Verheyden A.P., Josten C., and Duda G.N. Proximal humeral fractures: how stiff should an implant be? A comparative mechanical study with new implants in human specimens. Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg. 123 2-3 (2003) 74-81
37. Merritt K., and Rodrigo J.J. Immune response to synthetic materials. Sensitization of patients receiving orthopaedic implants. Clin. Orthop. 326 (1996) 71-79
38. Moss A.J., Hamburger S., Moore Jr. R.M., Jeng L.L., and Howie L.J. Use of selected medical device implants in the United States. Adv. Data 191 (1990) 1-24
39. Niemeyer P., and Sudkamp N.P. Principles and clinical application of the locking compression plate (LCP). Acta Chir. Orthop. Traumatol. Cech. 73 4 (2006) 221-228
40. Perren S.M. Physical and biological aspects of fracture healing with special reference to internal fixation. Clin. Othop. Relat. Res. 138 (1979) 175-196
41. Perren S.M. Point contact fixator: part I. Scientific background, design and application. Injury 22 Suppl 1 (1995) 1-10
42. Perren S.M. Evolution and rational of locked internal fixator technology. Introductory remarks. Injury 32 Suppl 2 (2001) S-B3-S-B9
43. Perren S.M. Evolution on the internal fixation of long bone fractures. The scientific basis of biological internal fixation: choosing a new balance between stability and biology. J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. 84-B (2002) 1093-1110
44. Perren S.M. Backgrounds of the technology of internal fixators. Injury 34 (2003) S-B1-S-B3
45. Perren S.M., and Buchanan J.S. Basic concepts relevant to the design and development of the point contact fixator (PC-Fix). Injury 26 (1995) S-B1-S-B4
46. Perren S.M., Russenberger M., Steinmann S., Muller M.E., and Allgower M. A dynamic compression plate. Acta Orthop. Scand. 125 suppl (1969) 31-41
47. Perren S.M., Klaue K., Pohler O., Predieri M., Steinemann S., and Gautier E. The limited contact dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP). Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg. 109 (1990) 304-310
48. Rozbruch S.R., Muller U., Gautier E., and Ganz R. The evolution of femoral shaft plating technique. Clin. Orthop. (1998) 195-208
49. In: Ruedi T.P., and Murphy W.M. (Eds). AO Principles of Fracture Management (2000), Thieme, Stuttgart, New York
50. Sargeant A., and Goswami T. Hip implants - paper VI - ion concentrations. Materials and Design 28 (2007) 155-171
51. Schandelmaier P., Stephan C., Reimers N., and Krettek C. LISS osteosysnthesis for distal fractures of the femur. Trauma Berufskrankh. 1 (1999) 392-397
52. Serhan H., Slivka M., Albert T., and Kwak D. Is galvanic corrosion between titanium alloy and stainless steel spinal implants a clinical concern?. Spine J. 4 (2004) 379-387
53. Sivakumar M., Kamatchi Mudali U., and Rajeswari S. Compatibility of ferritic and duplex stainless steels as implant materials: in vitro corrosion performance. J. Mater. Sci. 28 (1993) 6081-6086
54. Sommer C., Gautier E., Muller M., Helfet D., and Wagner M. First clinical results of the locking compression plate (LCP). Injury 34 (2003) S-B43-S-B54
55. Sommer C., Babst R., Muller M., and Hanson B. Locking compression plate loosening and plate breakage: a report of four cases. J. Orthop. Trauma 18 8 (2004) 571-577
56. Steinemann S.G. Metal implants and surface reactions. Injury 27 Suppl. 3 (1996) SC16-SC22
57. Stoffel K., Klaue K., and Perren S.M. Functional load of plates in fracture fixation in vivo and its correlate bone healing. Injury 31 (2000) S-B37-S-B50
58. Stoffel K., Dieter U., Stachowiak G., Gachter A., and Kuster M. Biomechanical testing of the LCP - how can stability in locked internal fixators be controlled?. Injury 34 (2003) S-B11-S-B19
59. Tepic S., and Perren S.M. The biomechanics of the PC-Fix internal fixator 26 suppl 2 (1995) 5-10
60. Wagner M. General principles for the clinical use of the LCP. Injury 34 (2003) S-B31-S-B42