Transformation of the multimode terahertz quantum cascade laser beam into a Gaussian, using a hollow dielectric waveguide

Applied Optics

Volumn 46, Issue 22, 2007, Pages 5051-5055

  Danylov, Andriy A ^a   Waldman, Jerry ^a   Goyette, Thomas M ^a   Gatesman, Andrew J ^a   Giles, Robert H ^a   Linden, Kurt J ^b   Neal, William R ^b   Nixon, William E ^c   Wanke, Michael C ^d   Reno, John L ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LOWELL   (United States)

^b SPIRE CORPORATION   (United States)

^c US Army National Ground Intelligence Center   (United States)

^d SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CASCADE CONNECTIONS; DIELECTRIC WAVEGUIDES; QUANTUM OPTICS; QUANTUM THEORY;

COHERENT BEAMS; MULTIMODE TERAHERTZ QUANTUM CASCADE LASER BEAMS; SHORT HOLLOW DIELECTRIC TUBES;

LASER BEAMS;

EID: 35448974050     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 15394522     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.46.005051     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. S. M. Kim, F. Hatami, J. S. Harris, A. W. Kurian, J. Ford, D. King, G. Scalari, M. Giovannini, N. Hoyler, J. Faist, and G. Harris, "Biomedical terahertz imaging with a quantum cascade laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 153903 (2006).
2. J. Darno, V. Tamosiunas, G. Fasching, J. Kröll, K. Unterrainer, M. Beck, M. Giovannini, J. Faist, C. Kremser, and P. Debbage, "Imaging with a terahertz quantum cascade laser," Opt. Express 12, 1879-1884 (2004).
3. A. A. Kosterev, R. F. Curl, F. K. Tittel, C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, J. N. Baillargeon, A. L. Hutchinson, and A. Y. Cho, "Effective utilization of quantum-cascade distributed-feedback lasers in absorption spectroscopy," Appl. Opt. 39, 4425-4430 (2000).
4. J. R. Gao, J. N. Hovenier, Z. Q. Yang, J. J. A. Baselmans, A. Baryshev, M. Hajenius, T. M. Klapwijk, A. J. L. Adam, T. O. Klaassen, B. S. Williams, S. Kumar, Q. Hu, and J. L. Reno, "Terahertz heterodyne receiver based on a quantum cascade laser and a superconducting bolometer," Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 244104 (2005).
5. J. C. Dickinson, T. M. Goyette, A. J. Gatesman, C. S. Joseph, Z. G. Root, R. H. Giles, J. Waldman, and W. E. Nixon, "Terahertz imaging of subjects with concealed weapons," in Terahertz for Military and Security Applications TV, D. L. Woolard, R. J. Hwu, M. J. Rosker, and J. O. Jensen, eds., Proc. SPIE 6212, 62120Q (2006).
6. T. M. Goyette, J. C. Dickinson, J. Waldman, W. E. Nixon, and S. Carter, "Fully Polarimetric W-band ISAR imagery of scalemodel tactical targets using a 1.56 THz compact range," in Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VIII, E. G. Zelnio, ed., Proc. SPIE 4382, 229-240 (2001).
7. H.-W. Hübers, S. G. Pavlov, A. D. Semenov, R. Köhler, L. Mahler, A. Tredicucci, H. E. Beere, D. A. Ritchie, and E. H. Linfield, "Terahertz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator in a heterodyne receiver," Opt. Express 13, 5890-5896 (2005).
8. B. S. Williams, S. Kumar, Q. Hu, and J. L. Reno, "High-power terahertz quantum-cascade lasers," Electron. Lett. 42, 89-90 (2006).
9. A. Barcan, F. K. Tittel, D. M. Mittleman, R. Dengler, P. H. Siegel, G. Scalari, L. Ajili, J. Faist, H. E. Beere, E. H. Linfield, A. G. Davies, and D. A. Ritchie, "Linewidth and tuning characteristics of terahertz quantum cascade lasers," Opt. Lett. 29, 575-577 (2004).
10. E. Brimdermann, M. Havenith, G. Scalari, M. Giovannini, J. Faist, J. Kunsch, L. Mechold, and M. Abraham, "Turn-key compact high temperature terahertz quantum cascade lasers: imaging and room temperature detection," Opt. Express 14, 1829-1841 (2006).
11. A. J. L. Adam, I. Kaŝalynas, J. N. Hovenier, T. O. Klaassen, J. R. Gao, E. E. Orlova, B. S. Williams, S. Kumar, Q. Hu, and J. L. Reno, "Beam patterns of terahertz quantum cascade lasers with subwavelength cavity dimensions," Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 151105 (2006).
12. E. E. Orlova, J. N. Hovenier, T. O. Klaassen, I. Kaŝalynas, A. J. L. Adam, J. R. Gao, T. M. Klapwijk, B. S. Williams, S. Kumar, Q. Hu, and J. L. Reno, "Antenna model for wire lasers," Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 173904 (2006).
13. B. N. Ellison, B. J. Maddison, C. M. Mann, D. N. Matheson, M. L. Oldfield, S. Marazita, T. W. Crowe, P. Maaskant, and W. M. Kelly, "First results for a 2.5 THz Schottky diode waveguide mixer," presented at the 7th International Symposium Space THz Technology, Charlottesville, Virginia, 12-14 March 1996.
14. H. Kräutle, E. Sauter, and G. V. Schultz, "Antenna characteristics of whisker diodes used as submillimeter receivers," Infrared Phys. 17, 477-483 (1977).
15. H. R. Fetterman, P. E. Tannenwald, B. J. Clifton, C. D. Parker, W. D. Fitzgerald, and N. R. Ericson, "Far-IR heterodyne radiometric measurements with quasioptical Schottky diode mixers," Appl. Phys. Lett. 33, 151-154 (1978).
16. A. E. Siegman, "The antenna properties of optical heterodyne receivers," Appl. Opt. 5, 1588-1594 (1966).
17. E. N. Grossman, "The coupling of submillimeter corner-cube antennas to Gaussian beams," Infrared Phys. 29, 875-885 (1989).
18. S. Barbieri, J. Alton, H. E. Beere, J. Fowler, E. H. Linfield, and D. A. Ritchie, "2.9 THz quantum cascade lasers operating up to 70 K in continuous wave," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1674-1676 (2004).
19. IRlabs, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, USA.
20. Thomas Keating Ltd, Billinghurst, West Sussex, England.
21. H. P. Röser, M. Yamanaka, R. Wattenbach, and G. V. Schultz, "Investigations of optically pumped submillimeter wave laser modes," Intl. J. Infrared Millim. Waves 3, 839-868 (1982).
22. J. A. Stratton, Electromagnetic Theory (McGraw-Hill, 1941), Chap. 5.
23. E. Snitzer, "Cylindrical dielectric waveguide modes," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51, 491 (1961).
24. E. A. J. Marcatili and R. A. Schmeltzer, "Hollow metallic and dielectric waveguides for long distance optical transmission and lasers," Bell Syst. Tech. J. 43, 1783-1809 (1964).
25. J. J. Degnan, "The waveguide laser: a review," Appl. Phys. 11, 1-33 (1976).
26. J. J. Degnan, "Waveguide laser mode patterns in the near and far field," Appl. Opt. 12, 1026-1030 (1973).
27. R. L. Abrams, "Coupling losses in hollow waveguide laser resonators," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-8, 838-843 (1972).