Molecular subtyping and genetic analysis of the enterohemolysin gene (ehxA) from Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Volumn 73, Issue 20, 2007, Pages 6360-6369

  Cookson, Adrian L ^a   Bennett, Jenny ^b   Thomson Carter, Fiona ^b   Attwood, Graeme T ^a  

^a AGRESEARCH GRASSLANDS   (New Zealand)

^b INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND RESEARCH   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENTEROHEMOLYSIN GENE; ERYTHROCYTES; HEMOLYTIC ACTIVITIES;

BIOACTIVITY; DISEASES; DNA SEQUENCES; ESCHERICHIA COLI; TOXIC MATERIALS;

GENETIC ENGINEERING;

ENTEROHEMOLYSIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRULENCE FACTOR;

BACTERIUM; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; EVOLUTION; GENE; GENETIC ANALYSIS; PATHOTYPE; PHYLOGENY; PUBLIC HEALTH; TOXIN; VIRULENCE;

ALLELE; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; CATTLE; DNA SEQUENCE; EAE GENE; EHXA GENE; ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI; GENE SEQUENCE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; SHEEP; SHEEP ERYTHROCYTE; SHIGA TOXIN PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI; STX GENE;

ADHESINS, BACTERIAL; ANIMALS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; CATTLE; ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI; ESCHERICHIA COLI PROTEINS; HEMOLYSIN PROTEINS; HEMOLYSIS; HUMANS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; POLYMORPHISM, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SHEEP; SHIGA TOXIN 1; SHIGA TOXIN 2; SHIGA-TOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI;

ANIMALIA; BOS; BOVINAE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; OVIS; OVIS ARIES;

EID: 35448931964     PISSN: 00992240     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00316-07     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Aidar-Ugrinovich, L., J. Blanco, M. Blanco, J. E. Blanco, L. Leomil, G. Dahbi, A. Mora, D. L. Onuma, W. D. Silveira, and A. F. Pestana de Castro. 2007. Serotypes, virulence genes, and intimin types of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) isolated from calves in São Paulo, Brazil. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 115:297-306.
2. Bauer, M. E., and R. A. Welch. 1996. Characterization of an RTX toxin from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Infect. Immun. 64:167-175.
3. Bennett, J., A. L. Cookson, C. Pope, and C. Nichol. 2006. New Zealand strains of Escherichia coli serogroup O113, abstr. P13.1.03, p. 117. Abstr. 6th Int. Symp. Shiga Toxin (Verocytotoxin)-Producing E. coli Infect., Melbourne, Australia.
4. Beutin, L., J. Prada, S. Zimmermann, R. Stephan, I. Ørskov, and F. Ørskov. 1988. Enterohemolysin, a new type of hemolysin produced by some strains of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). Zentbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. A 267:576-588.
5. Beutin, L., M. A. Montenegro, I. Ørskov, F. Ørskov, J. Prada, S. Zimmermann, and R. Stephan. 1989. Close association of verotoxin (Shiga-like toxin) production with enterohemolysin production in strains of Escherichia coli. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:2559-2564.
6. Boczek, L. A., C. H. Johnson, E. W. Rice, and B. K. Kinkle. 2006. The widespread occurrence of the enterohacmolysin gene ehlyA among environmental strains of Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 254:281-284.
7. Boerlin, P., S. Chen, J. K. Colbourne, R. Johnson, S. de Grandis, and C. Gyles. 1998. Evolution of the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli hemolysin plasmid and the locus for enterocyte effacement in Shiga toxin-producing E. coli. Infect. Immun. 66:2553-2561.
8. Brunder, B. W., H. Schmidt, M. Frosch, and H. Karch. 1999. The large plasmids of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are highly variable genetic elements. Microbiology 145:1005-1014.
9. Chart, H., C. Jenkins, H. R. Smith, D. Hedges, and B. Rowe. 1998. Haemolysin production by strains of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli. Microbiology 144:103-107.
10. - with a novel combination of virulence factors. J. Med. Microbiol. 51:1041-1049.
11. Cookson, A. L., S. C. S. Taylor, and G. T. Attwood. 2006. The prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in cattle and sheep in the lower North Island, New Zealand. N. Z. Vet. J. 54:28-33.
12. Cookson, A. L., S. C. S. Taylor, J. Bennett, F. Thomson-Carter, and G. T. Attwood. 2006. Serotypes and analysis of distribution of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from cattle and sheep in the lower North Island, New Zealand. N. Z. Vet. J. 54:78-84.
13. Cookson, A. L., D. Croucher, C. Pope, J. Bennett, F. Thomson-Carter, and G. T. Attwood. 2006. Isolation, characterization, and epidemiological assessment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O84 isolates from New Zealand. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44:1863-1866.
14. Cortajarena, A. L., F. M. Goñi, and H. Ostolaza. 2002. His-859 is an essential residue for the activity and pH dependence of Escherichia coli RTX toxin α-haemolysin. J. Biol. Chem. 277:23223-23229.
15. Cortajarena, A. L., F. M. Goñi, and H. Ostolaza. 2003. Asp-863 is a key residue for calcium-dependent activity of Escherichia coli RTX toxin α-haemolysin. FEBS Lett. 546:271-275.
16. - human isolates from Finland. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 12:634-641.
17. Felmlee, T., and R. A. Welch. 1988. Alternations of amino acid repeats in the Escherichia coli hemolysin affect cytolytic activity and secretion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:5269-5273.
18. Fratamico, P. M., S. Bhaduri, and R. L. Buchanan. 1993. Studies on Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 strains containing a 60-MDa plasmid and on 60-MDa plasmid-cured derivatives. J. Med. Microbiol. 39:371-381.
19. Garmendia, J., G. Frankel, and V. F. Crepin. 2005. Enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections: translocation, translocation, translocation. Infect. Immun. 73:2573-2585.
20. Hoey, D. E., C. Currie, R. W. Else, A. Nutikka, C. A. Lingwood, D. L. Gally, and D. G. E. Smith. 2002. Expression of receptors for verotoxin 1 from Escherichia coli O157 on bovine intestinal epithelium. J. Med. Microbiol. 51:143-149.
21. Hornitzky, M. A., K. Mercieca, K. A. Bettelheim, and S. P. Djordjevic. 2005. Bovine feces from animals with gastrointestinal infections are a source of serologically diverse atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains that commonly possess intimin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71:3405-3412.
22. Kumar, S., K. Tamura, and M. Nei. 2004. MEGA3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Brief. Bioinform. 5:150-163.
23. Lally, E. T., R. B. Hill, I. R. Kieba, and J. Korostoff. 1999. The interaction between RTX toxins and target cells. Trends Microbiol. 7:356-361.
24. Lehmacher, A., H. Meier, S. Aleksic, and J. Bockemühl. 1998. Detection of hemolysin variants of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli by PCR and culture on vancomycin-cefixime-cefsulodin blood agar. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:2449-2453.
25. Lim, J. Y., H. Sheng, K. S. Seo, Y. H. Park, and C. J. Hovde. 2007. Characterization of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 plasmid O157 deletion mutant and its survival and persistence in cattle. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:2037-2047.
26. Nataro, J. P., and J. B. Kaper. 1998. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 11:142-201.
27. Obrig, T. G., C. B. Louise, C. A. Lingwood, B. Boyd, L. Barley-Maloney, and T. O. Daniel. 1993. Endothelial heterogeneity in Shiga toxin receptors and responses. J. Biol. Chem. 268:15484-15488.
28. Paton, A. W., M. C. Woodrow, R. M. Doyle, J. A. Lanser, and J. C. Paton. 1999. Molecular characterization of a Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli O113:H21 strain lacking eae responsible for a cluster of cases of hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:3357-3361.
29. Rosa, A. C. P., A. T. Mariano, A. M. S. Pereira, A. Tibana, T. A. Gomes, and J. R. Andrade. 1998. Enteropathogenicity markers in Escherichia coli isolated from infants with acute diarrhoea and healthy controls in Rio de Janeiro. J. Med. Microbiol. 47:781-790.
30. Saitou, N., and M. Nei. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4:406-425.
31. Sandhu, K. S., R. C. Clarke, and C. L. Gyles. 1997. Hemolysin phenotypes and genotype of eaeA-postivc and eaeA-negative bovine vcrotoxigenic Escherichia coli. In P. S. Paul, D. H. Francis, and D. A. Benfield (ed.), Mechanisms in the pathogenesis of enteric disease. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
32. Schmidt, H., L. Beutin, and H. Karch. 1995. Molecular analysis of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain EDL 933. Infect. Immun. 63:1055-1061.
33. Schmidt, H., and H. Karch. 1996. Enterohemolytic phenotypes and genotypes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O111 strains from patients with diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:2364-2367.
34. Schmidt, H., C. Kernbach, and H. Karch. 1996. Analysis of the EHEC hly operon and its location in the physical map of the large plasmid of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Microbiology 142:907-914.
35. Schmidt, H., E. Maier, H. Karch, and R. Benz. 1996. Pore-forming properties of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Eur. J. Biochem. 241:594-601.
36. - strains that do not produce Shiga toxin: phenotypic and genetic characterization of isolates associated with diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:3491-3496.
37. Scotland, S. M., H. R. Smith, B. Said, G. A. Willshaw, T. Cheasty, and B. Rowe. 1991. Identification of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated in Britain as enteroaggregative or as members of a subclass of attaching-and-effacing E. coli not hybridising with the EPEC adherence-factor probe. J. Med. Microbiol. 35:278-283.
38. Stanley, P., C. Hyland, V. Koronakis, and C. Hughes. 1999. An ordered reaction mechanism for bacterial toxin acylation by the specialized acyltransferase HlyC: formation of a ternary complex with acylACP and protoxin substrates. Mol. Microbiol. 34:887-901.
39. Taneike, I., H.-M. Zhang, N. Wakisaka-Saito, and T. Yamamoto. 2002. Enterohemolysin operon of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: a virulence function of inflammatory cytokine production from human monocytes. FEBS Lett. 524:219-224.
40. Thompson, J. D., D. G. Higgins, and T. J. Gibson. 1994. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:4673-4680.
41. Trabulsi, L. R., R. Keller, and T. A. Tardelli Gomes. 2002. Typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 8:508-513.
42. Vieira, M. A., J. R. C. Andrade, L. R. Trabulsi, A. C. Rosa, A. M. Dias, S. R. Ramos, G. Frankel, and T. A. Gomes. 2001. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Escherichia coli strains of non-enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) serogroups that carry EAE and lack the EPEC adherence factor and Shiga toxin DNA probe sequences. J. Infect. Dis. 183:762-772.
43. Wadolkowski, E. A., J. A. Burris, and A. D. O'Brien. 1990. Mouse model for colonization and disease caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Infect. Immun. 58:2438-2445.
44. Welch, R. A., M. E. Bauer, A. D. Kent, J. A. Leeds, M. Moayeri, L. B. Regassda, and D. L. Swenson. 1995. Battling against host phagocytes: the wherefore of the RTX family of toxins? Infect. Agents Dis. 4:254-272.
45. Willshaw, G. A., S. Scotland, H. R. Smith, and B. Rowe. 1992. Properties of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli of human origin of O serogroups other than O157. J. Infect. Dis. 166:797-802.
46. Zhang, W. L., M. Bielaszewska, A. Liesegang, H. Tschäpe, H. Schmidt, M. Bitzan, and H. Karch. 2000. Molecular characteristics and epidemiological significance of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O26 strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38:2134-2140.