Menopause and related problems

Minerva Medica

Volumn 98, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 191-201

  Gambacciani, M ^a,b   Pepe, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PISA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Menopause, diagnosis; Menopause, therapy; Women

Indexed keywords

ANXIETY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DEPRESSION; ESTROGEN DEFICIENCY; GYNECOLOGIC DISEASE; HOT FLUSH; HUMAN; IRRITABILITY; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MENOPAUSAL SYNDROME; MENTAL DISEASE; MOOD DISORDER; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; OSTEOPOROSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SEXUALITY; SKIN DISEASE; SLEEP DISORDER; URINARY TRACT DISEASE;

AGED; BRAIN DISEASES; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FEMALE; FEMALE UROGENITAL DISEASES; HOT FLASHES; HUMANS; MENOPAUSE; MIDDLE AGED; MOOD DISORDERS; OSTEOPOROSIS; SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; SKIN AGING; SLEEP DISORDERS;

EID: 35348849710     PISSN: 00264806     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. World Health Organization; Research on the Menopause in the 1990s. Report of a WHO Scientific Group, WHO, Geneva (1996) 12-14. WHO Technical Report Series N. 866.
2. Barrett-Connor E. Epidemiology and the menopause: a global overview. Int J Fertil Menopausal 1993;38 Suppl 1:6-14.
3. Gold EB, Sternfeld B, Kelsey JL, Brown C, Mouton C, Reame N et al. Relation of demographic and lifestyle factors to symptoms in a multiracial/ethnic population of women 40-55 years of age. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:463-73.
4. Keefer L, Blanchard EB. Hot flash, hot topic: conceptualizing menopausal symptoms from a cognitive-behavioral perspective. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2005;30:75-82.
5. Gold EB, Colvin A, Avis N, Bromberger J, Greendale GA, Powell L et al. Longitudinal analysis of the association between vasomotor symptoms and race/ethnicity across the menopausal transition: study of women's health across the nation. Am J Public Health 2006;96:1226-35.
6. Xu J, Bartoces M, Neale AV, Dailey RK, Northrup J, Schwartz KL. Natural history of menopause symptoms in primary care patients: a MetroNet study. J Am Board Fam Pract 2005;18:374-82.
7. Hardy R, Kuh D. Change in psychological and vasomotor symptom reporting during the menopause. Soc Sci Med 2002;55:1975-88.
8. Freedman RR. Physiology of hot flashes. Am J Hum Biol 2001;13:453-64.
9. Genazzani AR, Gambacciani M, Simoncini T, Schneider HP. Hormone replacement therapy in climacteric and aging brain. International Menopause Society Expert Workshop, 15-18 March 2003, Pisa, Italy. Climacteric 2003;6:188-203.
10. Collins A, Landgren BM. Reproductive health, use of estrogen and experience of symptoms in perimenopausal women: a population-based study. Maturitas 1994;20:101-11.
11. Freedman RR. Hot flashes: behavioral treatments, mechanisms, and relation to sleep. Am J Med 2005;118 Suppl 12B:124-30.
12. Sievert LL. Determinants of hot flashes and night sweats. Ann Hum Biol 2006;33:4-16.
13. Avis NE. Is there a menopausal syndrome? Menopausal status and symptoms across racial/ethnic groups. Soc Sci Med 2001;52:345-56.
14. Crandall CJ, Crawford SL, Gold EB. Vasomotor symptom prevalence is associated with polymorphisms in sex steroid-metabolizing enzymes and receptors. Am J Med 2006;119 (9 Suppl)1.:S52-60.
15. Whitcomb BW, Whiteman MK, Langenberg P, Flaws JA, Romani WA. Physical activity and risk of hot flashes among women in midlife. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2007;16:124-33.
16. Thurston RC. Physical activity and risk of vasomotor symptoms in women with and without a history of depression: results from the Harvard Study of Moods and Cycles. Menopause 2006;13:553-60.
17. Hsu HC, Lin MH. Exploring quality of sleep and its related factors among menopausal women. J Nurs Res 2005;13:153-64.
18. Polo Kantola P, Erkkola L, Irjala K, Helenius H, Pullinen S, Polo O. Climacteric symptoms and sleep quality. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:219-24.
19. Freedman RR, Roehrs TA. Effects of REM sleep and ambient temperature on hot flash-induced sleep disturbance. Menopause 2006;13:576-83.
20. Alhola P, Tallus M, Kylmala M, Portin R, Polo-Kantola P. Sleep deprivation, cognitive performance, and hormone therapy in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2005;12:149-55.
21. Dennerstein L, Lehert P, Koochaki PE, Graziottin A, Leiblum S, Alexander JL. A symptomatic approach to understanding women's health experiences: a cross-cultural comparison of women aged 20 to 70 years. Menopause 2007 Feb 6 [Epub ahead of print].
22. Bosworth HB, Bastian LA, Kuchibhatla MN, Steffens DC, McBride CM, Skinner CS et al. Depressive symptoms, menopausal status, and climacteric symptoms in women at midlife. Psychosom Med 2001;63:603-8.
23. Lindh-Astrand L, Hoffmann M, Hammar M, Kjellgren KI. Women's conception of the menopausal transition-a qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2007;16:509-17.
24. Cohen LS, Soares CN, Vitonis AF, Otto MW, Harlow BL. Risk for new onset of depression during the menopausal transition: the Havard study of moods and cycles. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:385-90.
25. Munarriz R, Kim NN, Goldstein I, Traish AM. Biology of female sexual function. Urol Clin North Am 2002;29:685-93.
26. Dennerstein L, Alexander JL, Kotz K. The menopause and sexual functioning: a review of the population-based studies. Annu Rev Sex Res 2003;14:64-82.
27. Genazzani AR, Gambacciani M, Simoncini T. Menopause and aging, quality of life and sexuality. Climateric 2007;10:88-96.
28. Nappi RE, Detaddei S, Ferdeghini F, Brundu B, Sommacal A, Polatti F. Role of testosterone in feminine sexuality. J Endocrinol Invest 2003;26:97-101.
29. Hodgins MB, Spike RC, Mackie RM, MacLean AB. An immunohistochemical study of androgen, oestrogen and progesterone receptors in the vulva and vagina. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;105:216-22.
30. Semmens JP. Vaginal physiology. Clin Pract Sex 1990;8 Suppl:2-3.
31. Sarrel PM. Ovarian hormones and vaginal blood flow, using laser Doppler velocimetry to measure effects in a clinical trial of post-menopausal women. Int J Impot Res 1998;10 Suppl 2:S91-3.
32. Willhite LA, O'Connell MB. Urogenital atrophy: prevention and treatment. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:464-80.
33. Foster DC, Palmer M, Marks J. Effect of vulvovaginal estrogen on sensorimotor response of the lower genital tract: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:232-7.
34. Kondo A, Kato K, Saito M, Otani T. Prevalence of hand washing incontinence in females in comparison with stress and urge incontinence. Neurol Urodyn 1990;9:330-1.
35. Smith PP, McCrery RJ, Appell RA. Current trends in the evaluation and management of female urinary incontinence. CMAJ 2006;175:1233-40.
36. Rud T. The effects of estrogens and gestagens on the urethral pressure profile in urinary continent and stress incontinent women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1980;59:265-70.
37. Jarmy-Di Bella ZI, Girao MJ, Di Bella V, Sartori MG, Szejnfeld J, Baracat EC et al. Hormonal influence on periurethral vessels in postmenopausal incontinent women using Doppler velocimetry analysis. Maturitas 2007;56:297-302.
38. Jackson S, James M, Abrams P. The effect of oestradiol on vaginal collagen metabolism in postmenopausal women with genuine stress incontinence. BJOG 2002;109:339-44.
39. Rosano GMC, Vitale C, Marazzi G, Volterrani M. Menopause and cardiovascular disease: the evidence. Climacteric 2007;10 Suppl 1:19-24.
40. Gambacciani M, Ciaponi M, Cappagli B, De Simone L, Orlandi R, Genazzani AR. Prospective evaluation of body weight and body fat distribution in early post-menopausal women with and without hormonal replacement therapy. Maturitas 2001;39:125-32.
41. Milewicz A, Jedrzejuk D. Clinical aspects of obesity in the gynaecological endocrinologicaly practice. Maturitas 2007;56:113-21.
42. Hu G. Gender difference in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality related to hyperglicaemia and newly-diagnosed diabetes. Diabetologia 2003;46:608-17.
43. Preston RA. Effects of blood pressure reduction on cardiovascular risk estimates in hypertensive post-menopausal women. Climateric 2007;10 Suppl 1:32-41.
44. World Health Organization Statistical Information System. A guide to statistical information at WHO. Available from: http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
45. Eberhardt VMS. Health, United States, 2001. National Center for Health Statistics, 2001:189-92.
46. Uitto J. Connective tissue biochemistry of the aging dermis: age-related alterations in collagen and elastin. Dermatol Clin 1986;4:433-46.
47. Brincat M, Baron YM, Galea R. Estrogens and the skin. Climacteric 2005;8:110-23.
48. Castelo Branco, Pons F, Gratacos E, Fortuny A, Vanrell JA, Gonzalez-Merlo J. Relationship between skin collagen and bone changes during ageing. Maturitas 1994;18:199-206.
49. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. JAMA 2001;285:785-95.
50. Gambacciani M, Vacca C. Postmenopausal osteoporosis and hormone replacement therapy. Minerva Med 2004;95:507-20. English, Italian.
51. Gambacciani M, Spinetti A, Taponeco F, Taponeco F, Manetti P, Piaggesi L et al. Bone loss in perimenopausal women: a longitudinal study. Maturitas 1994;18:191-7.
52. Bouillon R, Carmeliet G, Boonen S. Ageing and calcium metabolism. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;11:341-65.
53. Brown LB, Streeten EA, Shapiro JR, McBride D, Shuldiner AR, Peyser PA et al. Genetic and environmental influences on bone mineral density in pre- and post-menopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2005;16:1849-56.
54. Kanis JA. Pathophysiology and treatment of Paget's disease of bone. London: Martin Dunitz; 1991.
55. Dennison E, Mohamed MA, Cooper C. Epidemiology of osteoporosis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2006;32:617-29.
56. Gallagher JC. Effect of early menopause on bone mineral density and fractures. Menopause 2007;14(3 Suppl):567-71.
57. Reimers A, Laflamme L. Hip fractures among the elderly: personal and contextual social factors that matter. J Trauma 2007;62:365-9.
58. Silverman SL. The clinical consequences of vertebral compression fracture. Bone 1992;13:S27-31.
59. Sornay-Rendu E, Munoz F, Garnero P, Duboeuf F, Delmas PD. Identification of osteopenic women at high risk of fracture: the OFELY study. J Bone Miner Res 2005;20:1813-9.
60. Gambacciani M, de Aloysio D, Elia D, van der Mooren MJ, Hadji P, Wuster C et al. Quantitative ultrasound (QLIS) of bone in the management of postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2004;47:139-49.
61. Gambacciani M, Pepe A et al. The relative contributions of menopause and aging to postmenopausal reduction in intervertebral disk height. In press.
62. Sornay-Rendu E, Munoz F, Duboeuf F, Delmas PD; OFELY Study. Disc space narrowing is associated with an increased vertebral risk in postmenopausal women: the OFELY Study. J Bone Miner Res 2004;19:1994-9.
63. Sorney-Rendu E, Allard C, Munoz F, Duboeuf F, Delmas PD. Disc space narrowing as a new risk factor for vertebral fracture: the OFELY Study. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:1262-9.
64. Candore G, Balistreri CR, Grimaldi MP, Vasto S, Listi F, Chiappelli M et al. Age-related inflammatory diseases: role of genetics and gender in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006;1089:472-86.
65. Ohkura T, Teshima Y, Isse K, Matsuda H, Inoue T, Sakai Y et al. Estrogen increases cerebral and cerebellar blood flows in postmenopausal women. Menopause 1995;2:13-8.
66. Petanceska SS, Nagy V, Frail D, Gandy S. Ovariectomy and 17 beta-estradiol modulate the levels of Alzheimer's amyloid beta peptides in brain. Neurology 2000;54: 2212-7.
67. Henderson VW. Estrogen-containing hormone therapy and Alzheimer's disease risk: understanding discrepant inferences from observational and experimental research. Neuroscience 2006;138:1031-9.