Depression and anxiety in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A review

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

Volumn 116, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 277-288

  Saunamaki T ^a,b   Jehkonen, M ^a  

^a TAMPERE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^b TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Finland)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Continuous positive airway pressure; Depression; Mood scales; Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Indexed keywords

ANXIETY DISORDER; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; JOB PERFORMANCE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MEDLINE; MOOD CHANGE; POSITIVE END EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; PREVALENCE; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS; PSYCINFO; REVIEW; SAMPLE SIZE; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME;

ANXIETY DISORDERS; CAUSALITY; COMORBIDITY; CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE; TIME; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 35148861716     PISSN: 00016314     EISSN: 16000404     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00901.x     Document Type: Review

References (96)

1. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep disorders. Diagnostic and coding manual, 2nd edn. Westchester III:American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2005.
2. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J, Weber S, Badr S. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 1993 328:1230 5.
3. Mcmahon JP, Foresman BH, Chisholm RC. The influence of CPAP on the neurobehavioral performance of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome: a systematic review. WMJ 2003 102:36 43.
4. Baran AS, Richert AC. Obstructive sleep apnea and depression. CNS Spectr 2003 8:128 34.
5. Andrews JG, Oei TPS. The roles of depression and anxiety in the understanding and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Clin Psychol Rev 2004 24:1031 49.
6. El-Ad B, Lavie P. Effect of sleep apnea on cognition and mood. Int Rev Psychiatry 2005 17:277 82.
7. Haba-Rubio J. Psychiatric aspects of organic sleep disorders. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2005 7:335 46.
8. Sateia MJ. Neuropsychological impairment and quality of life in obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Chest Med 2003 24:249 59.
9. Kaplan R. Obstructive sleep apnoea and depression - diagnostic and treatment implications. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1992 26:586 91.
10. Brown WD. The psychosocial aspects of obstructive sleep apnea. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2005 26:33 43.
11. Weaver TE. Outcome measurement in sleep medicine practice and research. Part 2: assessment of neurobehavioral performance and mood. Sleep Med Rev 2001 5:223 36.
12. Beck AT, Beanesderfer A. Assessment of depression. Psychological measurements in psychopharmacology. Mod Probl Pharmacolopsychiatr 1974 7:151 66.
13. Zung WK. A self-rating depression scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1965 12:63 70.
14. Radloff LS. The CES-D Scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psych Meas 1977 1:385 401
15. Zigmond AS., Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983 67:361 70.
16. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene TE. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Madrid:TEA, 1994.
17. Mcnair PM, Lorr M, Droppleman LF. POMS manual: profile of mood states. San Diego, CA:Educational and Industrial Testing Service, 1992.
18. Dahlstrom WG, Welsh GS, Dahlstrom LE. An MMPI handbook, Vol. 1. Minneapolis, MN:University of Minnesota Press, 1972.
19. Dahlstrom WG, Welsh GS, Dahlstrom LE. An MMPI handbook, Vol. 2. Minneapolis, MN:University of Minnesota Press, 1975.
20. Derogatis LR. SCL-90-R, manual 1. Baltimore, MD:Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1977.
21. Borak J, Cieslicki JK, Koziej M, Matuszewski A, Zielinski J. Effects of CPAP treatment on psychological status in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea. J Sleep Res 1996 5:123 7.
22. Neau JP, Paquereau JC, Meurice JJ et al. Auditory event-related potentials before and after treatment with nasal continuous airway pressure in sleep apnea syndrome. Eur J Neurol 1996 3:29 35.
23. Engleman HE, Martin SE, Kingshott RN, Mackay TW, Deary IJ, Douglas NJ. Randomized placebo controlled trial of daytime function after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for the sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Thorax 1998 53:341 5.
24. Redline S, Adams N, Strauss ME, Roebuck T, Winters M, Rosenberg C. Improvement of mild sleep-disordered breathing with CPAP compared with conservative therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998 157:858 65.
25. Aikens JE, Caruana-Montaldo B, Vanable PA, Tadimeti L, Mendelson WB. MMPI correlated of sleep and respiratory disturbance in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 1999 22:362 9.
26. Aikens JE, Mendelson WB. A matched comparison of MMPI responses in patients with primary snoring or obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 1999 22:355 9.
27. Aikens JE, Mendelson WB, Baehr EK. Replicability of psychometric differences between obstructive sleep apnea, primary snoring, and periodic limb movement disorder. Sleep Hypnosis 1999 1:212 6.
28. Aikens JE, Vanable PA, Tadimeti L, Caruana-Montaldo B, Mendelson WB. Differential rates of psychopathology symptoms in periodic limb movement disorder, obstructive sleep apnea, psychophysiological insomnia, and insomnia with psychiatric disorder. Sleep 1999 22:775 80.
29. Bardwell WA, Berry CC, Ancoli-Israel S, Dimsdale JE. Psychological correlates of sleep apnea. J Psychosom Res 1999 47:583 96.
30. Engleman HE, Kingshott RN, Wraith PK, Mackay TW, Deary IJ, Douglas NJ. Randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial of continuous positive airways pressure for mild obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999 159:461 7.
31. Nambu Y, Nagasaka Y, Fujita E, Hamada S, Fukuoka M. Effect of mandibular advancement splint on psycho-intellectual derangements in patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Tohoku J Exp Med 1999 188:119 32.
32. Yu BH, Ancoli-Israel S, Dimsdale JE. Effect of CPAP treatment on mood states in patients with sleep apnea. J Psychiatr Res 1999 33:427 32.
33. Bardwell WA, Moore P, Ancoli-Israel S, Dimsdale JE. Does obstructive sleep apnea confound sleep architecture findings in subjects with depressive symptoms? Biol Psychiatry 2000 48:1001 9.
34. Yamamoto H, Akashiba T, Koska N, Ito D, Horie T. Long-term effects nasal continuous positive airway pressure on daytime sleepiness, mood and traffic accidents in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Respir Med 2000 94:87 90.
35. Bardwell WA, Ancoli-Israel S, Dismdale JE. Types of coping strategies are associated with increased depressive symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 2001 24:905 9.
36. Sánchez AI, Buela-Casal G, Bermúdez MP, Casa-Maldonado F. The effects of continuous positive air pressure treatment on anxiety and depression levels in apnea patients. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001 55:641 6.
37. Akashiba T, Kawahara S, Akahoshi T et al. Relationship between quality of life and mood or depression in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 2002 122:861 5.
38. Barnes M, Houston D, Worsnop J et al. A randomised controlled trial of continuous positive airway pressure in mild obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002 165:773 80.
39. Sforza E, De Saint Hilaire Z, Pelissolo A, Rochat T, Ibanez V. Personality, anxiety and mood traits in patients with sleep-related breathing disorders: effect of reduced daytime alertness. Sleep Med 2002 3:139 45.
40. Smith R, Ronald J, Delaive K, Walld R, Manfreda J, Kryger MH. What are obstructive sleep apnea patients being treated for prior to this diagnosis? Chest 2002 121:164 72.
41. Stepnowsky CJ, Bardwell WA, Moore PJ, Ancoli-Israel S, Dimsdale JE. Psychologic correlates of compliance with continuous positive airway pressure. Sleep 2002 25:758 62.
42. Veale D, Poussin G, Benes F, Pepin JL, Levy P. Identification of quality of life concerns of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea at the time of initiation of continuous positive airway pressure: a discourse analysis. Qual Life Res 2002 11:389 99.
43. Bardwell WA, Moore P, Ancoli-Israel S, Dimsdale JE. Fatigue in obstructive sleep apnea: driven by depressive symptoms instead of apnea severity. Am J Psychiatry 2003 160:350 5.
44. Guardino SA, Scott JA, Ware JC, Schechner SA. The long-term results of gastric bypass on indexes of sleep apnea. Chest 2003 124:1615 9.
45. Means MK, Lichstein KL, Edinger JD et al. Changes in depressive symptoms after continuous positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath 2003 7:31 42.
46. Banks S, Barnes M, Tarquinio N, Pierce RJ, Lack LC, Mcevoy RD. Factors associated with maintenance of wakefulness test mean sleep latency in patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea and normal subjects. J Sleep Res 2004 13:71 8.
47. Barnes M, Mcevoy D, Banks S et al. Efficacy of positive airway pressure and oral appliance in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004 170:656 64.
48. Guilleminault C, Lin CM, Goncalves MA, Ramos E. A prospective study of nocturia and quality of life of elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea or sleep onset insomnia. J Psychosom Res 2004 56:511 5.
49. Mackinger HF, Svaldi JJ. Autobiographical memory predicts cognitive but not somatic change in sleep apnea patients vulnerable for affective disorder. J Affect Disord 2004 81:17 22.
50. Naismith S, Winter V, Gotsopoulos H, Hickie I, Cistulli P. Neurobehavioral functioning in obstructive sleep apnea: differential effects of sleep quality, hypoxemia and subjective sleepiness. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2004 26:43 54.
51. Peng B, Li SW, Kang H, Huang XZ. Cognitive and emotional impairment in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chin Med Sci J 2004 19:262 5.
52. Wells RD, Day RC, Carney RM, Freedland KE, Duntley SP. Depression predicts self-reported sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Psychosom Med 2004 66:692 7.
53. Dixon JB, Schachter LM, O'Brien PE. Polysomnography before and after weight loss in obese patients with severe sleep apnea. Int J Obes 2005 29:1048 54.
54. Shepertycky MR, Banno K, Kryger MH. Differences between men and women in the clinical presentation of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep 2005 28:309 14.
55. Engleman H, Martis S, Deary I, Douglas N. Effect of CPAP therapy on daytime function in patients with mild sleep apnoea/hypopnea syndrome. Thorax 1997 52:114 9.
56. Jokic R, Klimaszewski A, Sridhar G, Fitzpatrick MF. Continuous positive airway pressure requirement during the first month of treatment in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 1998 114:1061 9.
57. Kingshott RN, Engleman HM, Deary IJ, Douglas NJ. Does arousal frequency predict daytime function. Eur Respir J 1998 12:1264 70.
58. Pillar G, Lavie P. Psychiatric symptoms in sleep apnea syndrome: effects of gender and respiratory disturbance index. Chest 1998 114:697 703.
59. Dahlöf P, Ejnell H, Hällström T, Hedner J. Surgical treatment of the sleep apnea syndrome reduces associated major depression. Int J Behav Med 2000 7:73 88.
60. Kingshott RN, Vennelle M, Hoy CJ, Engleman HM, Deary IJ, Douglas NJ. Predictors of improvements in daytime function outcomes with CPAP therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000 161:866 71.
61. Muñoz A, Mayoralas LR, Barbé F, Pericás J, Agustí AGN. Long-term effects of CPAP on daytime functioning in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Eur Respir J 2000 15:676 81.
62. Doherty LS, Kiely JL, Lawless G, McNicholas WT. Impact of nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy on the quality of life of bed partners of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 2003 124:2209 14.
63. Svaldi JJ, Mackinger HF. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: autobiographical memory predicts the course of depressive affect after nCPAP therapy. Scand J Psychol 2003 44:31 7.
64. Vandeputte M, De Weerd A. Sleep disorders and depressive feelings: a global survey with the Beck Depression Scale. Sleep Med 2003 4:343 5.
65. Goncalves MA, Paiva T, Ramos E, Guilleminault C. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, sleepiness, and quality of life. Chest 2004 125:2091 6.
66. Lewis KE, Seale L, Bartle IE, Watkins AJ, Ebdeb P. Early predictors of CPAP use for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 2004 27:134 8.
67. Li HY, Huang YS, Chen NH, Fang TJ, Liu CY, Wang PC. Mood improvement after surgery for obstructive sleep apnea. Laryngoscope 2004 114:1098 102.
68. Quintana-Gallego E, Carmona-Bernal C, Capote F. Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a clinical study of 1166 patients. Respir Med 2004 98:984 9.
69. Aloia MS, Arnedt AT, Smith L, Skrekas J, Stanchina M, Millman RP. Examining the construct of depression in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Med 2005 6:115 21.
70. Goncalves MA, Guilleminault C, Ramos E, Palha A, Paiva T. Erectile dysfunction, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and nasal CPAP treatment. Sleep Med 2005 6:333 9.
71. Hossain JL, Ahmad P, Reinish LW, Kayumov L, Hossain NK, Shapiro CM. Subjective fatigue and subjective sleepiness: two independent consequences of sleep disorders? J Sleep Res 2005 14:245 53.
72. Kawahara S, Akashiba T, Akahoshi T, Horie T. Nasal CPAP improves the quality of life and lessens depressive symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Intern Med 2005 44:422 7.
73. Kjelsberg FN, Ruud EA, Stavem K. Predictors of symptoms of anxiety and depression in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med 2005 6:341 6.
74. Marshall NS, Neill AM, Campbell AJ, Sheppard DS. Randomised controlled crossover trial of humidified continuous positive airway pressure in mild obstructive sleep apnoea. Thorax 2005 60:427 32.
75. Schwartz DJ, Kohler WC, Karatinos G. Symptoms of depression in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea may be amenable to treatment with continuous positive airway pressure. Chest 2005 128:1304 9.
76. Beck AT. Depression: clinical experimental and theoretical aspects. New York, NY:Harper & Row, 1970.
77. Yamamoto H. Evaluation of treatment response by SDS. Shinshin-Iryo 1993 5:1346 51.
78. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV. Washington, DC:American Psychiatric Press, 1997.
79. Spitzer R, Williams JB, Gibbon M, First MB. Instruction manual for the structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R. New York:Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1989.
80. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon M. The structural clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). New York:New York Psychiatric Research Institute, 1986.
81. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1960 23:56 62.
82. Hamilton M. The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol 1959 32:50 5.
83. Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 1992 30:473 81.
84. Montgomery SA, Asperg A. A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry 1979 134:382 9.
85. Taylor JA. A personality scale of manifest anxiety. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 1966 48:286 90.
86. Åsperg M, Perris C, Schalling D, Sedvall G. The CPRS-development and applications of a psychiatric rating scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1978 271:1 27.
87. Watson D, Clark LE, Carey G. Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders. J Abnorm Psychol 1988 97:346 53.
88. Cloninger CR, Svrakic DM, Przybeck TR. A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993 50:975 90.
89. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. Ways of coping questionnaire revised. Palo Alto, CA:Consulting Psychologists Press, 1988.
90. Buss A, Durkee A. An inventory for assessing different kinds of hostility. J Consult Clin Psychol 1957 21:343 9.
91. Cook W, Medley D. Proposed hostility and pharisaic-virtue scales for the MMPI. J Appl Psychol 1954 38:414 8.
92. Murakami M. Evaluation of treatment response by CMI. Shinshin-Iryo 1993 5:1364 70.
93. Katsumata T. Yatabe-Guilford Test. Human Mind 1985 3:427 35
94. Tylka J., Makowska M. Skala Oceny Psychologiznej Efektwnósci Rehabilitacji/SOPER. Przegl Psychol 1985 3:815 20.
95. Stepnowsky CJ, Moore PJ. Nasal CPAP treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. Developing a new perspective on dosing strategies and compliance. J Psychosom Res 2003 54:599 605.
96. Saunamäki T, Jehkonen M. A review of executive functions in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand 2007 115:1 11.