The role of gremlin, a BMP antagonist, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

Volumn 48, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 4291-4299

  Lee, Helena ^a   O'Meara, Sarah J ^b   O'Brien, Colm ^a,b   Kane, Rosemary ^b  

^a MATER MISERICORDIAE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Ireland)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; GREMLIN; ISOPROTEIN; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; PROTEIN ZO1; SMOOTH MUSCLE ACTIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIMENTIN; ACTIN; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; GREM1 PROTEIN, HUMAN; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; PHOSPHOPROTEIN; SIGNAL PEPTIDE; ZONULA OCCLUDENS 1 PROTEIN; ZONULA OCCLUDENS-1 PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; CELL CULTURE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL STIMULATION; CELL TRANSFORMATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME ASSAY; EPITHELIUM CELL; FUNCTIONAL PROTEOMICS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE TEST; IN VITRO STUDY; MESENCHYME CELL; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; VITREORETINOPATHY; WESTERN BLOTTING; ZYMOGRAPHY; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; CELL MOTION; CYTOLOGY; DRUG ANTAGONISM; DRUG EFFECT; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; GENETICS; MESODERM; METABOLISM; PATHOLOGY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;

ACTINS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BLOTTING, WESTERN; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MOVEMENT; CELLS, CULTURED; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; EPITHELIAL CELLS; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT; HUMANS; INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS; MEMBRANE PROTEINS; MESODERM; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PHOSPHOPROTEINS; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM OF EYE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; VIMENTIN; VITREORETINOPATHY, PROLIFERATIVE;

EID: 35148827299     PISSN: 01460404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.07-0086     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Cowley M, Conway B, Campochiaro P, Kaiser D, Gaskin H. Clinical risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989;107:1147-1151.
2. Charteris D, Sethi C, Lewis G, Fisher S. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy-developments in adjunctive treatment and retinal pathology. Eye. 2002;16:369-374.
3. Stodtler M, Mietz H, Wiedemann P, Heimann K. Immunohistochemistry of anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy: report of 11 cases. Int Ophthalmol. 1994-1995;18:323-328.
4. Vidinova C, Voinov L, Vidinov N. Alterations in the structure of the epiretinal membranes in PVR: assumptions and reality (in German). Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 2005;222:568-571.
5. Guidry C. The role of Muller cells in fibrocontractive retinal disorders. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2005;24:75-86.
6. Wong C, Potter M, Cui J, et al. Induction of proliferative vitreoretinopathy by a unique line of human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Can J Ophthalmol. 2002;37:211-220.
7. Charteris D. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: pathobiology, surgical management, and adjunctive treatment. Br J Ophthalmol. 1995;79:953-960.
8. Casaroli-Marano RP, Pagan R, Vilaro S. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in proliferative vitreoretinopathy: intermediate filament protein expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:2062-2072.
9. Liu Y. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in renal fibrogenesis: pathologic significance, molecular mechanism, and therapeutic intervention. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15:1-12.
10. Kalluri R, Neilson EG. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its implications for fibrosis. J Clin Invest. 2003;112:1776-1784.
11. Behringer RR, Wakamiya M, Tsang TE, Tam PPL. A flattened mouse embryo: leveling the playing field. Genesis. 2000;28:23-30.
12. Tam PPL, Gad JM, Kinder SJ, Tsang TE, Behringer RR. Morphogenetic tissue movement and the establishment of body plan during development from blastocyst to gastrula in the mouse. Bioessays. 2001;23:508-517.
13. Saika S, Kono-Saika S, Ohnishi Y, et al. Smad3 signaling is required for epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lens epithelium after Injury. Am J Pathol. 2004;164:651-663.
14. Fan J-M, Ng Y-Y, Hill PA, et al. Transforming growth factor-β regulates tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vitro. Kidney Int. 1999;56:1455-1467.
15. Okada H, Danoff TM, Kalluri R, Neilson EG. Early role of Fsp1 in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Am J Physiol. 1997;273:F563-F574.
16. Morali O, Delmas V, Moore R, Jeanney C, Thiery JP Larue L. IGF-II induces rapid beta-catenin relocation to the nucleus during epithelium to mesenchyme transition. Oncogene. 2001;20:4942-4950.
17. Strutz F, Zeisberg M, Ziyadeh FN, et al. Role of basic fibroblast growth factor-2 in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Kidney Int. 2002;61:1714-1728.
18. Baudouin C, Fredj-Reygrobellet D, Brignole F, Negre F, Lapalus P, Gastaud P. Growth factors in vitreous and subretinal fluid cells from patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Ophthalmic Res. 1993;25:52-59.
19. Esser P, Heimann K, Bartz-Schmidt K-U, et al. Apoptosis in proliferative vitreoretinal disorders: possible involvement of TGF-β-induced RPE cell apoptosis. Exp Eye Res. 1997;65:365-378.
20. Lee S, Kim S, Koh H, Kwon O. TGF-betas synthesized by RPE cells have autocrine activity on mesenchymal transformation and cell proliferation. Yonsei Med J. 2001;42:271-277.
21. Lee S, Kwona O, Seonga G, Kima S, Ahnb J, Kay E. Epitheliomesenchymal transdifferentiation of cultured RPE Cells. Ophthalmic Res. 2001;80-86.
22. Priglinger SG, Alge CS, Neubauer AS, et al. TGF-β2-induced cell surface tissue transglutaminase increases adhesion and migration of RPE cells on fibronectin through the gelatin-binding domain. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:955-963.
23. Merino R, Rodriguez-Leon J, Macias D, Ganan Y, Economides A, Hurle J. The BMP antagonist gremlin regulates outgrowth, chondrogenesis and programmed cell death in the developing limb. Development. 1999;126:5515-5522.
24. Zuniga A, Haramis A-PG, McMahon AP, Zeller R. Signal relay by BMP antagonism controls the SHH/FGF4 feedback loop in vertebrate limb buds. Nature. 1999;401:598-602.
25. Mathura JR Jr, Jafari N, Chang JT, et al. Bone morphogenetic proteins-2 and -4: negative growth regulators in adult retinal pigmented epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000;41:592-600.
26. Hsu DR, Economides AN, Wang X, Eimon PM, Harland RM. The xenopus dorsalizing factor gremlin identifies a novel family of secreted proteins that antagonize BMP activities. Mol Cell. 1998;1:673-683.
27. Matthews SJE. Biological activity of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Proceedings of the 1st European Clinical Symposium on Bone and Tissue Regeneration 27-28 November 2004. Injury. 2005;36:S34-S37.
28. Dimitriou R, Giannoudis PV. Discovery and development of BMPs. Proceedings of the 1st European Clinical Symposium on Bone and Tissue Regeneration 27-28 November 2004. Injury. 2005;36:S28-S33.
29. Huillard E, Laugier D, Marx M. Defects in chicken neuroretina misexpressing the BMP antagonist Drm/Gremlin. Dev Biol. 2005;283:335-344.
30. Kane R, Stevenson L, Godson C, Stitt AW, O'Brien C. Gremlin gene expression in bovine retinal pericytes exposed to elevated glucose. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89:1638-1642.
31. McMahon R, Murphy M, Clarkson M, et al. IHG-2, a mesangial cell gene induced by high glucose, is human gremlin: regulation by extracellular glucose concentration, cyclic mechanical strain, and transforming growth factor-beta 1. J Biol Chem. 2000;275:9901-9904.
32. Lappin DWP, McMahon R, Murphy M, Brady HR. Gremlin: an example of the re-emergence of developmental programmes in diabetic nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:65-67.
33. Dolan V, Murphy M, Sadlier D, et al. Expression of gremlin, a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist, in human diabetic nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;45:1034-1039.
34. Dunn KC, Aotaki-Keen AE, Putkey FR, Hjelmeland LM. ARPE-19, a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line with differentiated properties. Exp Eye Res. 1996;62:155-170.
35. Rozen S, Skaletsky HJ. Primer3 on the WWW for General Users and for Biologist Programmers. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2000: 365-386.
36. Laemmli U. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970;227:680-685.
37. Stevenson B, Siliciano J, Mooseker M, Goodenough D. Identification of ZO-1: a high molecular weight polypeptide associated with the tight junction (zonula occludens) in a variety of epithelia. J Cell Biol. 1986;103:755-766.
38. Willis BC, Liebler JM, Luby-Phelps K, et al. Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells by transforming growth factor-β1: potential role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Pathol. 2005;166:1321-1332.
39. Fuchs U, Kivela T, Tarkkanen A. Cytoskeleton in normal and reactive human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991;32:3178-3186.
40. Kivela T, Uusitalo M. Structure, development and function of cytoskeletal elements in non-neuronal cells of the human eye. Prog Retin Eye Res. 1998;17:385-428.
41. Wang J, Zohar R, McCulloch CA. Multiple roles of α-smooth muscle actin in mechanotransduction. Ex Cell Res. 2006;312:205-214.
42. Lazarides E. Intermediate filaments as mechanical integrators of cellular space. Nature. 1980;283:249-256.
43. Janmey P. Mechanical properties of cytoskeletal polymers. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1991;3:4-11.
44. Stocks SZ, Taylor SM, Shiels IA. Transforming growth factor-beta1 induces alpha-smooth muscle actin expression and fibronectin synthesis in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2001;29:33-37.
45. Kurosaka D, Muraki Y, Inoue M, Katsura H. TGF-beta 2 increases alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in bovine retinal pigment epithelial cells. Curr Eye Res. 1996;15:1144-1147.
46. Matrisian L. Metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in matrix remodeling. Trends Genet. 1990;6:121-125.
47. Sethi CS, Bailey TA, Luthert PJ, Chong NHV. Matrix metalloproteinase biology applied to vitreoretinal disorders. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000;84:654-666.
48. Tanihara H, Yoshida M, Matsumoto M, Yoshimura N. Identification of transforming growth factor-beta expressed in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993;34:413-419.
49. Pfeffer BA, Flanders KC, Guerin CJ, Danielpour D, Anderson DH. Transforming growth factor beta 2 is the predominant isoform in the neural retina, retinal pigment epithelium-choroid and vitreous of the monkey eye. Exp Eye Res. 1994;59:323-333.
50. Omi M, Fisher M, Maihle NJ, Dealy CN. Studies on epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in vertebrate limb patterning. Dev Dyn. 2005;233:288-300.
51. Zeisberg M, Hanai J-I, Sugimoto H, et al. BMP-7 counteracts TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and reverses chronic renal injury. 2003;9:964-968.
52. Zeisberg M, Bottiglio C, Kumar N, et al. Bone morphogenic protein-7 inhibits progression of chronic renal fibrosis associated with two genetic mouse models. Am J Physiol. 2003;285:F1060-F1067.
53. Gould SE, Day M, Jones SS, Dorai H. BMP-7 regulates chemokine, cytokine, and hemodynamic gene expression in proximal tubule cells. Kidney Int. 2002;61:51-60.
54. Saika S, Kono-Saika S, Tanaka T, et al. Smad3 is required for dedifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium following retinal detachment in mice. Lab Invest. 2004;84:1245-1258.