Fire, red squirrels, whitebark pine, and yellowstone grizzly bears

Ursus

Volumn 11, Issue , 1999, Pages 131-138

  Podruzny, Shannon R ^a   Reinhart, Daniel P ^b   Mattson, David J ^c  

^a MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b YELLOWSTONE CENTER FOR RESOURCES   (United States)

^c NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Fire; Grizzly bear; Habitat use; Line transect; Midden; Pimis albicaulis; Red squirrel; Tamiasciunis hiidsonicus; Ursus arctos; Whitebark pine; Yellowstone national park

Indexed keywords

EID: 34948857157     PISSN: 15376176     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. BLANCHARD, B.M. 1990. Relationships between whitebark pine cone production and fall grizzly bear movements. Pages 362-363 in W.C. Schmidt and K.J. McDonald, editors. Proceedings of a symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: ecology and management of a high mountain resource. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-270.
2. -, AND R.K. KNIGITT. 1996. Effects of wildfire on grizzly bear movements and food habits. Pages 117-122 in J.M. Greenlee, editor. Ecological implications of fire in Greater Yellowstone: proceedings of the second biennial scientific conference on the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. International Association of Wildland Fire, Fairfield, Washington, USA.
3. BURNHAM, K.P., D.R. ANDERSON, AND J.L. LAAKE. 1980. Estimation of density from line transect sampling of biological populations. Wildlife Monographs 72.
4. DESPAIN, D.G. 1986. Habitat type and cover type as a base for grizzly bear mapping and evaluation. Pages 230-233 in Proceedings-grizzly bear habitat symposium. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-207.
5. EBERIIARDT, L.L. 1978. Transect methods for population studies. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:1-31.
6. FINLEY, R.B., JR. 1969. Cone caches and middens of Tamìasciunis in the Rocky Mountain region. University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Miscellaneous Publications 51:233-273.
7. HALVORSON, C.H. 1984. Long term monitoring of small vertebrates: a review with suggestions. Pages 11-25 in J.L. Johnson, J.F. Franklin, and R.G. Krebill, editors. Proceedings-research in natural areas: baseline monitoring and management. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-173.
8. KEMP, G.A., AND L.B. KEITH. 1970. Dynamics and regulation of red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) populations. Ecology 51:763-779.
9. KENDALL, K.C. 1983. Use of pine nuts by grizzly and black bears in the Yellowstone area. International Conference on Bear Research and Management 5:166-173.
10. -. 1998. Whitebark pine. Pages 483-485 in M.J. Mack, P.A. Opler, C.E. Puckett Haeker, and P.D. Doran, editors. Status and trends of the nation's biological resources. Volume 2. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, USA.
11. -, AND S.F. ARNO. 1990. Whitebark pine-an important but endangered wildlife resource. Pages 264-273 in W.C. Schmidt and K.J. McDonald, editors. Proceedings of a symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: ecology and management of a high mountain resource. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-270.
12. MATTSON, D.J., B.M. BLANCHARD, AND R.R. KNIGHT. 1992. Yellowstone grizzly bear mortality, human habituation, and whitebark pine seed crops. Journal of Wildlife Management 56:432-442.
13. -, AND D.P. RELNHART. 1990. Whitebark pine on the Mount Washburn massif, Yellowstone National Park. Pages 106-117 in W.C. Schmidt and K.J. McDonald, editors. Proceedings of a symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: ecology and management of a high mountain resource. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-270.
14. -1994. Bear use of whitebark pine seeds in North America. Pages 212-220 in W.C. Schmidt and F.K. Holtmeier, editors. Proceedings of an international workshop on subalpine stone pines and their environments: the status of our knowledge. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-GTR-309.
15. -1996. Indicators of red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hitdsonicus) abundance in the whitebark pine zone. Great Basin Naturalist 56: 272-309.
16. -, AND-. 1997. Excavation of red squirrel middens by grizzly bears in the whitebark pine zone. Journal of Applied Ecology 34:926-940.
17. -,-, AND B.M. BLANCHARD. 1994. Variation in production and bear use of whitebark pine seeds in the Yellowstone area. Pages 205-220 in D.G. Despain, editor. Plants and their environments: proceedings of the first biennial scientific conference on the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. U.S. National Park Service Technical Report NPS/NRYELL/NRTR.
18. MCCAUGHEY, W.W., AND W.C. SCHMIDT. 1990. Autecology of whitebark pine. Pages 85-96 in W.C. Schmidt and K.J. McDonald, editors. Proceedings of a symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: ecology and management of a high mountain resource. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-270.
19. PRITCHARD, G.T., AND C.T. ROBBINS. 1990. Digestive and metabolic efficiencies of grizzly and black bears. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68:1645-1651.
20. RELNHART, D.P., AND D.J. MATTSON. 1990. Red squirrels in the whitebark pine zone. Pages 256-263 in W.C. Schmidt and K.J. McDonald, editors. Proceedings of a symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: ecology and management of a high mountain resource. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-270.
21. RENKLN, R.R., AND D.G. DESPALN. 1992. Fuel moisture, forest type, and lightning-caused fire in Yellowstone National Park. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research 22:27-45.
22. ROMME, W.H., AND M.G. TURNER. 1991. Implications of global climate change for biogeographical patterns in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem. Conservation Biology 5:373-386.
23. RUSCH, D.A., AND W.G. REEDER. 1978. Population ecology of Alberta red squirrels. Ecology 59:400-420.
24. SMITH, C.C. 1970. The coevolution of pine squirrels and conifers. Ecological Monographs 40:349-371.
25. SMITH, M.C. 1968. Red squirrel response to spruce cone failure in interior Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management 32:305-317.
26. STEELE, R., S. COOPER, D. ONDOV, D. ROBERTS, AND R. PFISTER. 1983. Forest habitat types of eastern Idaho-western Wyoming. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-144.
27. TOMBACK, D.F. 1994. Effects of seed dispersal by Clark's nutcracker on early postfire regeneration of whitebark pine. Pages 193-198 /';/ W.C. Schmidt and F.K. Holtmeier, editors. Proceedings of an international workshop on subalpine stone pines and their environments: the status of our knowledge. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report INT-GTR-309.