메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 69, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 207-228

Risks to cavers and cave workers from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation from 222Rn decay in caves

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARCINOGEN; CAVE; ESTIMATION METHOD; HEALTH IMPACT; HEALTH RISK; RADIATION EXPOSURE; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 34848876010     PISSN: 10906924     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (119)
  • 1
    • 0026420099 scopus 로고
    • Mineral dusts and radon in uranium mines
    • Abelson, P.H., 1991, Mineral dusts and radon in uranium mines: Science, v. 254, no. 5033, p. 27-36.
    • (1991) Science , vol.254 , Issue.5033 , pp. 27-36
    • Abelson, P.H.1
  • 2
    • 0019105481 scopus 로고
    • Alpha radiation levels in two caves related to external air temperatures and atmospheric pressure
    • Ahlstrand, G., 1980, Alpha radiation levels in two caves related to external air temperatures and atmospheric pressure: Bulletin of the National Speleological Society, v. 42, no. 3, p. 39-41.
    • (1980) Bulletin of the National Speleological Society , vol.42 , Issue.3 , pp. 39-41
    • Ahlstrand, G.1
  • 4
    • 34848870560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategy for managing alpha radiation in show caves to protect caves, cave employees, and cave businesses
    • Greyhound Press, p
    • Aley, T., Castillon, K., and Sagendorf, J., 2006, Strategy for managing alpha radiation in show caves to protect caves, cave employees, and cave businesses, in Proceedings of the 2005 National Cave and Karst Management Symposium, Greyhound Press, p. 62-71.
    • (2006) Proceedings of the 2005 National Cave and Karst Management Symposium , pp. 62-71
    • Aley, T.1    Castillon, K.2    Sagendorf, J.3
  • 5
    • 0004253870 scopus 로고
    • ATSDR, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 159 p
    • ATSDR, 1990, Toxicological Profile for Radon: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry TP-90-23, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 159 p.
    • (1990) Toxicological Profile for Radon: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry TP-90-23
  • 7
    • 34848899820 scopus 로고
    • Radon daughters
    • URL, accessed February 8, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 78-127
    • Baier, E.J., 1976, Radon daughters: Current Intelligence Bulletin 10, URL http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/78127_10.html, [accessed February 8, 2006], DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 78-127.
    • (1976) Current Intelligence Bulletin , vol.10
    • Baier, E.J.1
  • 8
    • 34848863366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bashor, B., undated, Big Bone Cave State Natural Area, Van Buren County, Tennessee: Health Consultation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), URL www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/BigBoneCaveHC091304-_TN/ BigBoneCaveHC091304-_TN.pdf, [accessed January 19, 2006], 7 p.
    • Bashor, B., undated, Big Bone Cave State Natural Area, Van Buren County, Tennessee: Health Consultation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), URL www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/BigBoneCaveHC091304-_TN/ BigBoneCaveHC091304-_TN.pdf, [accessed January 19, 2006], 7 p.
  • 9
    • 0029969944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current misinterpretations of the linear no-threshold hypothesis
    • Bond, V.P., Wielopolski, L., and Shani, G., 1996, Current misinterpretations of the linear no-threshold hypothesis: Health Physics, v. 70, no. 6, p. 877-882.
    • (1996) Health Physics , vol.70 , Issue.6 , pp. 877-882
    • Bond, V.P.1    Wielopolski, L.2    Shani, G.3
  • 10
    • 0025810728 scopus 로고
    • Possible association between mutant frequency in peripheral lymphocytes and domestic radon concentrations
    • Bridges, B.A., Cole, J., Arlett, C.F., Green, M.H.L., Waugh, A.P.W., Beare, D., Henshaw, D.L., and Last, R.D., 1991, Possible association between mutant frequency in peripheral lymphocytes and domestic radon concentrations: The Lancet, v. 337, no. 8751, p. 1187-1189.
    • (1991) The Lancet , vol.337 , Issue.8751 , pp. 1187-1189
    • Bridges, B.A.1    Cole, J.2    Arlett, C.F.3    Green, M.H.L.4    Waugh, A.P.W.5    Beare, D.6    Henshaw, D.L.7    Last, R.D.8
  • 11
    • 34848884228 scopus 로고
    • Radon and its daughters in the touristic caves of the Moravian Karst
    • Blasko, C, ed, Czechoslovakia, Institute of Geographers, Czechoslovak Academy of Science, p
    • Burian, I., and Stelcl, O., 1990, Radon and its daughters in the touristic caves of the Moravian Karst, in Blasko, C., ed., International Conference of Anthropogenic Impact and Environmental Changes in Karst: Czechoslovakia, Institute of Geographers, Czechoslovak Academy of Science, p. 27-32.
    • (1990) International Conference of Anthropogenic Impact and Environmental Changes in Karst , pp. 27-32
    • Burian, I.1    Stelcl, O.2
  • 13
    • 0021239808 scopus 로고
    • Influence of radon daughter exposure at low doses on occurrence of lung cancer in rats
    • Chameaud, J., Masse, R., and Lafama, J., 1984, Influence of radon daughter exposure at low doses on occurrence of lung cancer in rats: Radiation Protection Dosimetry, v. 7, p. 385-388.
    • (1984) Radiation Protection Dosimetry , vol.7 , pp. 385-388
    • Chameaud, J.1    Masse, R.2    Lafama, J.3
  • 14
    • 0343941373 scopus 로고
    • Lesions and lung cancers induced in rats by inhaled radon-222 at various equilibriums with radon daughters
    • Karbe, E, and Park, J, eds, Berlin, Springer Verlag, p
    • Chameaud, J., Perraud, R., Lafuma, J., Masse, R., and Pradel, J., 1974, Lesions and lung cancers induced in rats by inhaled radon-222 at various equilibriums with radon daughters, in Karbe, E., and Park, J., eds., Experimental Lung Cancer: Carcinogenesis and Biological Assays: Berlin, Springer Verlag, p. 410-421.
    • (1974) Experimental Lung Cancer: Carcinogenesis and Biological Assays , pp. 410-421
    • Chameaud, J.1    Perraud, R.2    Lafuma, J.3    Masse, R.4    Pradel, J.5
  • 17
    • 34848836663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohen, B.L., 2000, Test of the Validity of the Linear-No Threshold Theory of Radiation Carcinogenesis with a Survey of Radon Levels in U.S. Homes, in Lehr, J.H., and Lehr, J.K., eds., Standard Handbook of Environmental Science, Health, and Technology: New York, The McGraw-Hill Companies, p. 20.12-20.20.
    • Cohen, B.L., 2000, Test of the Validity of the Linear-No Threshold Theory of Radiation Carcinogenesis with a Survey of Radon Levels in U.S. Homes, in Lehr, J.H., and Lehr, J.K., eds., Standard Handbook of Environmental Science, Health, and Technology: New York, The McGraw-Hill Companies, p. 20.12-20.20.
  • 18
    • 0036838837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer risk from low-level radiation
    • Cohen, B.L., 2002, Cancer risk from low-level radiation: American Journal of Roentgenology, v. 179, p. 1137-1143.
    • (2002) American Journal of Roentgenology , vol.179 , pp. 1137-1143
    • Cohen, B.L.1
  • 19
    • 34848927482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cothern, C.R., 1987, Properties, in Environmental Radon:, Cothern, C.R., and Smith, J.E. Jr., eds., New York, Plenum Publ. Corp., Environmental Science Research, v. 35, p. 1-29.
    • Cothern, C.R., 1987, Properties, in Environmental Radon:, Cothern, C.R., and Smith, J.E. Jr., eds., New York, Plenum Publ. Corp., Environmental Science Research, v. 35, p. 1-29.
  • 21
    • 0025172067 scopus 로고
    • Widespread apathy and the public's reaction to information concerning the health effects of indoor air radon concentrations
    • Cothern, C.R., 1990, Widespread apathy and the public's reaction to information concerning the health effects of indoor air radon concentrations: Cell Biology and Toxicology, v. 6, no. 3, p. 315-322.
    • (1990) Cell Biology and Toxicology , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 315-322
    • Cothern, C.R.1
  • 23
    • 0008009995 scopus 로고
    • Health effects
    • Cothern, C.R, and Smith, Jr, J.E, eds, New York, Plenum Publ. Corp, Environmental Science Research, v
    • Cross, F.T., 1987, Health effects, in Cothern, C.R., and Smith, Jr., J.E., eds., Environmental Radon: New York, Plenum Publ. Corp., Environmental Science Research, v. 35, p. 215-248.
    • (1987) Environmental Radon , vol.35 , pp. 215-248
    • Cross, F.T.1
  • 24
    • 34848860180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross, F.T., Palmer, R.F., Filipy, R.E., Busch, R.H., and Stuart, B.O., 1978, Study of the Combined Effects of Smoking and Inhalation of Uranium Ore Dust, Radon Daughters and Diesel Oil Exhaust Fumes in Hamsters and Dogs: Tech. Rep. PNL-2744, U.S. Research Triangle Park, N.C., Department of Health, Education and Welfare, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences by Pacific Northwest Laboratory, 143 p.
    • Cross, F.T., Palmer, R.F., Filipy, R.E., Busch, R.H., and Stuart, B.O., 1978, Study of the Combined Effects of Smoking and Inhalation of Uranium Ore Dust, Radon Daughters and Diesel Oil Exhaust Fumes in Hamsters and Dogs: Tech. Rep. PNL-2744, U.S. Research Triangle Park, N.C., Department of Health, Education and Welfare, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences by Pacific Northwest Laboratory, 143 p.
  • 25
    • 0025946414 scopus 로고
    • Recognition of microclimate zones through radon mapping, Lechuguilla Cave, Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico
    • Cunningham, K.I., and LaRock, E.J., 1991, Recognition of microclimate zones through radon mapping, Lechuguilla Cave, Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico: Health Physics, v. 61, no. 4, p. 493-500.
    • (1991) Health Physics , vol.61 , Issue.4 , pp. 493-500
    • Cunningham, K.I.1    LaRock, E.J.2
  • 26
    • 0021831765 scopus 로고
    • Underground mining, smoking, and lung cancer: A case-control study in the iron ore municipalities in Northern Sweden
    • Damber, L., and Larsson, L.G., 1985, Underground mining, smoking, and lung cancer: A case-control study in the iron ore municipalities in Northern Sweden: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, v. 74, p. 1207-1213.
    • (1985) Journal of the National Cancer Institute , vol.74 , pp. 1207-1213
    • Damber, L.1    Larsson, L.G.2
  • 27
    • 34848876362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dicus, G.J., 2001, Why the NRC bases its regulation on the linear non-threshold theory, NRC News, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, No. S-01-006, Address to the 2001 Spring Joint Meetings of The Virginia Chapter of the Health Physics Society and The Virginia Section of the American Nuclear Society, Hampton, Va.
    • Dicus, G.J., 2001, Why the NRC bases its regulation on the linear non-threshold theory, NRC News, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, No. S-01-006, Address to the 2001 Spring Joint Meetings of The Virginia Chapter of the Health Physics Society and The Virginia Section of the American Nuclear Society, Hampton, Va.
  • 30
    • 0004197642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer Risk Coefficients for Environmental Exposure to Radionuclides
    • No. 13, EPA 402-R-99-001, Washington, D.C, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • Eckerman, K.F., Leggett, R.W., Nelson, C.B., Puskin, J.S., and Richardson, A.C.B., 1999, Cancer Risk Coefficients for Environmental Exposure to Radionuclides: Federal Guidance Report No. 13, EPA 402-R-99-001, Washington, D.C., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
    • (1999) Federal Guidance Report
    • Eckerman, K.F.1    Leggett, R.W.2    Nelson, C.B.3    Puskin, J.S.4    Richardson, A.C.B.5
  • 31
    • 0020631512 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative aspects of radon daughter exposure and lung cancer in underground miners
    • Edling, C., and Axelson, O., 1983, Quantitative aspects of radon daughter exposure and lung cancer in underground miners: British Journal of Industrial Medicine, v. 40, p. 182-187.
    • (1983) British Journal of Industrial Medicine , vol.40 , pp. 182-187
    • Edling, C.1    Axelson, O.2
  • 32
    • 0025737375 scopus 로고
    • Occupational exposure to radon daughters in Mammoth Cave National Park
    • Eheman, C., Carson, B., Rifenburg, J., and Hoffman, D., 1991, Occupational exposure to radon daughters in Mammoth Cave National Park: Health Physics, v. 60, no. 6, p. 831-835.
    • (1991) Health Physics , vol.60 , Issue.6 , pp. 831-835
    • Eheman, C.1    Carson, B.2    Rifenburg, J.3    Hoffman, D.4
  • 35
    • 34848891519 scopus 로고
    • Alpha radiation in karst eaves of the Transvaal, South Africa
    • Gamble, F.M., 1981, Alpha radiation in karst eaves of the Transvaal, South Africa: Transactions of the British Cave Research Association, v. 8, no. 4, p. 254-260.
    • (1981) Transactions of the British Cave Research Association , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 254-260
    • Gamble, F.M.1
  • 38
    • 0033883010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radon hazards, geology, and exposure of cave users: A case study and some theoretical perspectives
    • Gillmore, G.K., Sperrin, M., Phillips, P., and Denman, A., 2000, Radon hazards, geology, and exposure of cave users: A case study and some theoretical perspectives: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 46, p. 279-288.
    • (2000) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , vol.46 , pp. 279-288
    • Gillmore, G.K.1    Sperrin, M.2    Phillips, P.3    Denman, A.4
  • 39
    • 0020071354 scopus 로고
    • Lung cancer among Navajo uranium miners
    • Gottlieb, L., and Husen, L., 1982, Lung cancer among Navajo uranium miners: Chest, v. 91, p. 449-452.
    • (1982) Chest , vol.91 , pp. 449-452
    • Gottlieb, L.1    Husen, L.2
  • 40
    • 34848908362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gourmelon, P., Barbey, P., Barescut, J.C., Bouville, A., Cancio, D., Harrison, J.D., Luccioni, C., Murtih, C., Nénot, J.C., Paquet, F., Rollinger, F., Sene, M., Smeesters, P., Sugier, A., and Tirmarche, M., 2005, Health Consequences of Chronic Internal Contaminations by Radionuclides: Comments on the ECRR Report The Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation Exposure at Low Doses for Radiation Protection Purposes and IRSN Recommendations, 2005-20, Clamart, France, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûeté Nucléaire.
    • Gourmelon, P., Barbey, P., Barescut, J.C., Bouville, A., Cancio, D., Harrison, J.D., Luccioni, C., Murtih, C., Nénot, J.C., Paquet, F., Rollinger, F., Sene, M., Smeesters, P., Sugier, A., and Tirmarche, M., 2005, Health Consequences of Chronic Internal Contaminations by Radionuclides: Comments on the ECRR Report "The Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation Exposure at Low Doses for Radiation Protection Purposes" and IRSN Recommendations, 2005-20, Clamart, France, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûeté Nucléaire.
  • 41
    • 0002715463 scopus 로고
    • Radon concentrations in three Russian cave areas
    • Gunn, J., 1991, Radon concentrations in three Russian cave areas: Cave and Karst Science, v. 18, no. 2, p. 85-87.
    • (1991) Cave and Karst Science , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 85-87
    • Gunn, J.1
  • 42
    • 34848915447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gunn, J., 2003, Radon in caves, in Gunn, J., ed., Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science: London, G.B., Fitzroy Dearborn (an imprint of Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.), p. 617-619.
    • Gunn, J., 2003, Radon in caves, in Gunn, J., ed., Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science: London, G.B., Fitzroy Dearborn (an imprint of Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.), p. 617-619.
  • 43
    • 0003160623 scopus 로고
    • Research on radon in British limestone caves and mines, 1970-1990
    • Gunn, J., Fletcher, S., and Prime, D., 1991, Research on radon in British limestone caves and mines, 1970-1990: Cave and Karst Science, v. 18, no. 2, p. 63-65.
    • (1991) Cave and Karst Science , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 63-65
    • Gunn, J.1    Fletcher, S.2    Prime, D.3
  • 44
    • 34848879803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halliday, W.R., 2003, Disease, in Gunn, J., ed., Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science: London, G.B., Fitzroy Dearborn (an imprint of Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.), p. 293-295.
    • Halliday, W.R., 2003, Disease, in Gunn, J., ed., Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science: London, G.B., Fitzroy Dearborn (an imprint of Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.), p. 293-295.
  • 45
    • 0025267822 scopus 로고
    • Radon: A causative factor in the induction of myeloid leukaemia and other cancers in adults and children?
    • Henshaw, D., Eatough, J.P., and Richardson, R.B., 1990, Radon: A causative factor in the induction of myeloid leukaemia and other cancers in adults and children?: The Lancet, v. 335, no. 8696, p. 1008-1112.
    • (1990) The Lancet , vol.335 , Issue.8696 , pp. 1008-1112
    • Henshaw, D.1    Eatough, J.P.2    Richardson, R.B.3
  • 47
    • 0023605859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Howe, G.R., Nair, R.C., Newcombe, H.B., Miller, A.B., Burch, J.D., and Abatt, J.D., 1987, Lung cancer mortality (1950-80) in relation to radon daughter exposure in a cohort of workers at the Eldorado Port Radium uranium mine: Possible modification of risk by exposure rate: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, v. 79, p. 1255-1260.
    • Howe, G.R., Nair, R.C., Newcombe, H.B., Miller, A.B., Burch, J.D., and Abatt, J.D., 1987, Lung cancer mortality (1950-80) in relation to radon daughter exposure in a cohort of workers at the Eldorado Port Radium uranium mine: Possible modification of risk by exposure rate: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, v. 79, p. 1255-1260.
  • 48
    • 0028304426 scopus 로고
    • International comparison of cave radon concentrations identifying the potential alpha radiation risks to British cave users
    • Hyland, R., and Gunn, J., 1994, International comparison of cave radon concentrations identifying the potential alpha radiation risks to British cave users: Health Physics, v. 67, no. 2, p. 176-179.
    • (1994) Health Physics , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 176-179
    • Hyland, R.1    Gunn, J.2
  • 49
    • 34848858963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiation Reports Series, International Atomic Energy Agency
    • IAEA, Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency and International Labour Office
    • IAEA, 2003, Radiation Reports Series, International Atomic Energy Agency, Safety Reports Series No. 33, Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency and International Labour Office.
    • (2003) Safety Reports Series No , vol.33
  • 53
    • 85012857559 scopus 로고
    • Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection
    • ICRP, ICRP Publication 66, International Commission on Radiological Protection, Annals of the ICRP 24, no. 14, Oxford, Pergamon Press
    • ICRP, 1994b, Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection: A Report of a Task Group of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 66, International Commission on Radiological Protection, Annals of the ICRP 24, no. 14, Oxford, Pergamon Press.
    • (1994) A Report of a Task Group of the International Commission on Radiological Protection
  • 54
    • 0005312093 scopus 로고
    • The phenomenon of radioactivity
    • Ivanovich, M, and Harmon, R.S, eds, New York, Oxford University Press, p
    • Ivanovich, M., 1992, The phenomenon of radioactivity, in Ivanovich, M., and Harmon, R.S., eds., Uranium-Series Disequilibrium: New York, Oxford University Press, p. 1-33.
    • (1992) Uranium-Series Disequilibrium , pp. 1-33
    • Ivanovich, M.1
  • 56
    • 0033800669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The LNT-controversy and the concept of "controllable dose"
    • Kellerer, A.M., and Nekolla, E.A., 2000, The LNT-controversy and the concept of "controllable dose": Health Physics, v. 79, no. 4, p. 412-418.
    • (2000) Health Physics , vol.79 , Issue.4 , pp. 412-418
    • Kellerer, A.M.1    Nekolla, E.A.2
  • 57
    • 0022532929 scopus 로고
    • Radon-222 air concentrations in the Slovenian karst caves of Yugoslavia
    • Kobal, I., Smodiš, B., and Škofljanec, M., 1986, Radon-222 air concentrations in the Slovenian karst caves of Yugoslavia: Health Physics, v. 50, no. 6, p. 830-834.
    • (1986) Health Physics , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 830-834
    • Kobal, I.1    Smodiš, B.2    Škofljanec, M.3
  • 58
    • 0023161721 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric radon-222 in tourist caves of Slovenia, Yugoslavia
    • Kobal, I., Smodiš, B., Burger, J., and Škofljanec, M., 1987, Atmospheric radon-222 in tourist caves of Slovenia, Yugoslavia: Health Physics, v. 52, no. 4, p. 473-479.
    • (1987) Health Physics , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 473-479
    • Kobal, I.1    Smodiš, B.2    Burger, J.3    Škofljanec, M.4
  • 61
    • 0034871591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radon exposure and the risk of leukemia: A review of epidemiological studies
    • Lauier, D., Valenty, M., and Tirmarche, 2001, Radon exposure and the risk of leukemia: A review of epidemiological studies: Health Physics, v. 81, no. 3, p. 272-288.
    • (2001) Health Physics , vol.81 , Issue.3 , pp. 272-288
    • Lauier, D.1    Valenty, M.2    Tirmarche3
  • 62
    • 0343674557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Residual radon exposure and adult acute leukaemia
    • Law, G.R., Kane, E.V., Roman, E., Smith, A., and Cartwright, R., 2000, Residual radon exposure and adult acute leukaemia: The Lancet, v. 355, no. 9218, p. 1888.
    • (2000) The Lancet , vol.355 , Issue.9218 , pp. 1888
    • Law, G.R.1    Kane, E.V.2    Roman, E.3    Smith, A.4    Cartwright, R.5
  • 63
    • 34848910737 scopus 로고
    • Radon mapping in caves of eastern Bukk region
    • Blasko, C, ed, Czechoslovakia, Institute of Geographers, Czechoslovak Academy of Science, p
    • Lenart, L., Somogyi, G., Hakl, J., and Hunyadi, L, 1990, Radon mapping in caves of eastern Bukk region, in Blasko, C., ed., Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Speleology: Czechoslovakia, Institute of Geographers, Czechoslovak Academy of Science, p. 21-31.
    • (1990) Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Speleology , pp. 21-31
    • Lenart, L.1    Somogyi, G.2    Hakl, J.3    Hunyadi, L.4
  • 64
    • 0030922762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What are the risks of low-level exposure to α radiation from radon?
    • Little, J.B., 1997, What are the risks of low-level exposure to α radiation from radon?: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, v. 94, p. 5996-5997.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the National Academy of Science , vol.94 , pp. 5996-5997
    • Little, J.B.1
  • 65
    • 0019052884 scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of atmospheric radon in calcite caves
    • Miki, T., and Iauthora, M., 1980, Accumulation of atmospheric radon in calcite caves: Health Physics, v. 39, no. 2, p. 351-354.
    • (1980) Health Physics , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 351-354
    • Miki, T.1    Iauthora, M.2
  • 66
    • 84939086618 scopus 로고
    • American Medical Association Archives of Industrial Health, v
    • Morken, D.A., 1955, Acute toxicity of radon: American Medical Association Archives of Industrial Health, v. 12, p. 435-438.
    • (1955) Acute toxicity of radon , vol.12 , pp. 435-438
    • Morken, D.A.1
  • 67
    • 8244223692 scopus 로고
    • The Biological Effects of Radon on the Lung
    • Stanley, R.E, and Moghissi, A.A, eds, U.S. Energy Development and Research Agency, National Environmental Research Center, p
    • Morken, D.A., 1973, The Biological Effects of Radon on the Lung, in Stanley, R.E., and Moghissi, A.A., eds., Noble Gases, CONF-703915, U.S. Energy Development and Research Agency, National Environmental Research Center, p. 501-506.
    • (1973) Noble Gases, CONF-703915 , pp. 501-506
    • Morken, D.A.1
  • 70
    • 12644296277 scopus 로고
    • Mineral Resources
    • MSHA, Washington, D.C, U.S. Government
    • MSHA, 1989, Mineral Resources, in Code of Federal Regulations: 30 CFR Part 57, Washington, D.C., U.S. Government.
    • (1989) Code of Federal Regulations: 30 CFR , Issue.PART 57
  • 71
    • 34848888655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineral Resources
    • MSHA, Washington, D.C, U.S. Government, p
    • MSHA, 2005, Mineral Resources, in Code of Federal Regulations: 30 CFR Part 57, Washington, D.C., U.S. Government, p. 341-343.
    • (2005) Code of Federal Regulations: 30 CFR , Issue.PART 57 , pp. 341-343
  • 72
    • 84864851755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NAS, National Academy of Sciences, accessed January 3
    • NAS, 2005, News: Low levels of ionizing radiation may cause harm: National Academy of Sciences, http://www.4nationalacademies.org/news.nsf/ isbn/030909156X?OpenDocument [accessed January 3, 2006].
    • (2005) News: Low levels of ionizing radiation may cause harm
  • 73
    • 0035805664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the linear-nothreshold dose-response model for ionizing radiation
    • NCRP, No. 136, Bethesda, Md, NCRP Publications
    • NCRP, 2001, Evaluation of the linear-nothreshold dose-response model for ionizing radiation: NCRP Report No. 136, Bethesda, Md., NCRP Publications.
    • (2001) NCRP Report
  • 74
    • 0003488301 scopus 로고
    • Limitation of exposure to ionizing radiation, National council on radiation protection and measurements
    • NCRP, No. 116, Bethesda, Md, NCRP Publications, 88 p
    • NCRP, 1993, Limitation of exposure to ionizing radiation, National council on radiation protection and measurements, NCRP Report No. 116, Bethesda, Md., NCRP Publications, 88 p.
    • (1993) NCRP Report
  • 75
    • 0001901736 scopus 로고
    • Radon and its decay products in indoor air: An overview
    • New York, John Wiley & Sons, p
    • Nero, A.V. Jr., 1988, Radon and its decay products in indoor air: An overview, in Radon and its Decay Products in Indoor Air: New York, John Wiley & Sons, p. 1-53.
    • (1988) Radon and its Decay Products in Indoor Air , pp. 1-53
    • Nero Jr., A.V.1
  • 76
    • 0035022898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha hit frequency due to radon products in human lung cells
    • Nikezic, D., and Yu, K.N., 2001, Alpha hit frequency due to radon products in human lung cells: International Journal of Radiation Biology, v. 77, no. 5, p. 559-565.
    • (2001) International Journal of Radiation Biology , vol.77 , Issue.5 , pp. 559-565
    • Nikezic, D.1    Yu, K.N.2
  • 78
    • 34848825633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NPS, 2005, §19 Reserved (Radiation Safety under development), in Director's Order 50B/Reference Manual 50B: Washington, D.C., National Park Service.
    • NPS, 2005, §19 Reserved ("Radiation Safety" under development), in Director's Order 50B/Reference Manual 50B: Washington, D.C., National Park Service.
  • 81
    • 0003426232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NRC, National Research Council, Washington, D.C, National Academy Press, 500 p
    • NRC, 1999, Health effects of exposure to radon: BEIR VI, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, 500 p.
    • (1999) Health effects of exposure to radon: BEIR VI
  • 83
    • 34848905107 scopus 로고
    • Health
    • OSHA, Washington, D.C, U.S. Government
    • OSHA, 1988, Health, in Code of Federal Regulations: 41 CFR Part 57, Washington, D.C., U.S. Government.
    • (1988) Code of Federal Regulations: 41 CFR , Issue.PART 57
  • 84
    • 32644446389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothesis testing and the choice of the dose-response model
    • Oughton, D., 2006, Hypothesis testing and the choice of the dose-response model: Toxicology letters, v. 162, no. 1, p. 98-110.
    • (2006) Toxicology letters , vol.162 , Issue.1 , pp. 98-110
    • Oughton, D.1
  • 85
    • 0027491615 scopus 로고
    • EPA's strategy to reduce risk of radon
    • Page, S., 1993, EPA's strategy to reduce risk of radon: Journal of Environmental Health, v. 56, p. 27-36.
    • (1993) Journal of Environmental Health , vol.56 , pp. 27-36
    • Page, S.1
  • 86
    • 0344993315 scopus 로고
    • Biological Effects of Daily Inhalation of Radon and its Short-Lived Daughters in Experimental Animals
    • Stanley, R.E, and Moghissi, A.A, eds, U.S. Energy Development and Research Agency, National Environmental Research Center, p
    • Palmer, R.F., Stuart, B.O., and Filipy, R.E., 1973, Biological Effects of Daily Inhalation of Radon and its Short-Lived Daughters in Experimental Animals, in Stanley, R.E., and Moghissi, A.A., eds., Noble Gases, CONF-703915, U.S. Energy Development and Research Agency, National Environmental Research Center, p. 507-519.
    • (1973) Noble Gases, CONF-703915 , pp. 507-519
    • Palmer, R.F.1    Stuart, B.O.2    Filipy, R.E.3
  • 90
    • 34848842155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Puskin, J.S., and Nelson, C.B., 1994, Estimating Radiogenic Cancer Risks, EPA 402-R-93-076, Washington, D.C., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
    • Puskin, J.S., and Nelson, C.B., 1994, Estimating Radiogenic Cancer Risks, EPA 402-R-93-076, Washington, D.C., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
  • 91
    • 84943210385 scopus 로고
    • Lung cancer mortality among nonsmoking uranium miners exposed to radon daughters
    • Roscoe, R.J., Steenland, K., and Halperin, W., 1989, Lung cancer mortality among nonsmoking uranium miners exposed to radon daughters: Journal of the American Medical Association, v. 262, p. 629-633.
    • (1989) Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.262 , pp. 629-633
    • Roscoe, R.J.1    Steenland, K.2    Halperin, W.3
  • 92
    • 0030636756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indoor radon exposure and lung cancer: Risky or not? - all over again
    • Samet, J.M., 1997, Indoor radon exposure and lung cancer: Risky or not? - all over again: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, v. 89, p. 4-6.
    • (1997) Journal of the National Cancer Institute , vol.89 , pp. 4-6
    • Samet, J.M.1
  • 93
    • 0345721111 scopus 로고
    • Hydrological implications of radon in Mendip Limestone groundwaters
    • Smart, P.L., 1991, Hydrological implications of radon in Mendip Limestone groundwaters: Cave Science, v. 18, no. 2, p. 89-90.
    • (1991) Cave Science , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 89-90
    • Smart, P.L.1
  • 95
    • 34848903898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snihs, J.O., 1973, The approach to radon problems in non-uranium mines in Sweden, in Proceedings 3rd International Congress on International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA), USAEC Conf. 73097-P.2., U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, p. 900-911.
    • Snihs, J.O., 1973, The approach to radon problems in non-uranium mines in Sweden, in Proceedings 3rd International Congress on International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA), USAEC Conf. 73097-P.2., U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, p. 900-911.
  • 97
    • 34848844652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational exposure to radon in Australian tourist caves, An Australia-wide study of radon Levels
    • Tech. Rep. 93/0436, Yallabie, Victory, Australia, Australian Radiation Laboratory, 16 p
    • Solomon, S.B., Langroo, R., Peggie, J.R., Lyons, R.G., and James, J.M., 1996, Occupational exposure to radon in Australian tourist caves, An Australia-wide study of radon Levels: Tech. Rep. 93/0436, Yallabie, Victory, Australia, Australian Radiation Laboratory, 16 p.
    • (1996)
    • Solomon, S.B.1    Langroo, R.2    Peggie, J.R.3    Lyons, R.G.4    James, J.M.5
  • 98
    • 0041662435 scopus 로고
    • Historical review of one decade of radon measurements in Hungarian caves performed by solid state nuclear track detection technique
    • Erscheinung Publishers, p
    • Somogyi, G., Hunyadi, I., and Hakl, J., 1989, Historical review of one decade of radon measurements in Hungarian caves performed by solid state nuclear track detection technique, in Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Speleology, Erscheinung Publishers, p. 3-13.
    • (1989) Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Speleology , pp. 3-13
    • Somogyi, G.1    Hunyadi, I.2    Hakl, J.3
  • 100
    • 34848852225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strom, D.J., Reif, R.H., Andrews, D.A., George, A.C., George, J.L., James, A.C., Jones, C.R., Langner, Jr., G.H., Gavrilas-Guinn, M., Neton, JW., Rabovsky, J.L., Runkle, G.E., Carlson, D.S., Dudney, C.S., Gammage, R.B., Maisler, J.A., Rose, S., and Wilson, D.L., 1996, Occupational Exposure to Radon and Thoron, Tech. Rep. PNNL14108, Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of Energy, Radiological Control Coordinating Committee, Radon Subcommittee, URL www.pnl.gov/bayesian/strom/pdfs/ Strom1996A_PNNL_14108_Occ_Exp⊤_Radon_Thoron_DOE_RCCC_1996_01.pdf, [accessed February 8, 2006], 45 p.
    • Strom, D.J., Reif, R.H., Andrews, D.A., George, A.C., George, J.L., James, A.C., Jones, C.R., Langner, Jr., G.H., Gavrilas-Guinn, M., Neton, JW., Rabovsky, J.L., Runkle, G.E., Carlson, D.S., Dudney, C.S., Gammage, R.B., Maisler, J.A., Rose, S., and Wilson, D.L., 1996, Occupational Exposure to Radon and Thoron, Tech. Rep. PNNL14108, Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of Energy, Radiological Control Coordinating Committee, Radon Subcommittee, URL www.pnl.gov/bayesian/strom/pdfs/ Strom1996A_PNNL_14108_Occ_Exp⊤_Radon_Thoron_DOE_RCCC_1996_01.pdf, [accessed February 8, 2006], 45 p.
  • 101
    • 34848866894 scopus 로고
    • Radon-222 transport from soil to karst caves by percolation water
    • International Association of Hydrogeologists, p
    • Surbeck, H., 1990, Radon-222 transport from soil to karst caves by percolation water, in Proceedings of the 22nd Congress of the IAH, International Association of Hydrogeologists, p. 349-355.
    • (1990) Proceedings of the 22nd Congress of the IAH , pp. 349-355
    • Surbeck, H.1
  • 102
    • 0024519237 scopus 로고
    • Lung cancer in women and type of dwelling in relation to radon exposure
    • Svensson, C., Pershagen, G., and Klominek, J., 1989, Lung cancer in women and type of dwelling in relation to radon exposure: Cancer Research, v. 49, p. 1861-1865.
    • (1989) Cancer Research , vol.49 , pp. 1861-1865
    • Svensson, C.1    Pershagen, G.2    Klominek, J.3
  • 103
    • 34848845821 scopus 로고
    • Guide for the use of the International System of Units (SI), 811, Gaithersburg, Md
    • 74 p
    • Taylor, B.N., 1995, Guide for the use of the International System of Units (SI), 811, Gaithersburg, Md., National Institute of Standards and Technology, 74 p.
    • (1995) National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Taylor, B.N.1
  • 104
    • 0003785808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The International System of Units (SI), Tech. Rep. 330, Gaithersburg, Md
    • 68 p
    • Taylor, B.N., 2001, The International System of Units (SI), Tech. Rep. 330, Gaithersburg, Md., National Institute of Standards and Technology, 68 p.
    • (2001) National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Taylor, B.N.1
  • 105
    • 0027516464 scopus 로고
    • Radon exposure and cancers other than lung cancer among uranium miners in West Bohemia
    • Tomasek, L., Darby, S.C., Swerdlow, A.J., Placek, V., and Kunz, E., 1993, Radon exposure and cancers other than lung cancer among uranium miners in West Bohemia: The Lancet, v. 341, no. 8850, p. 919-923.
    • (1993) The Lancet , vol.341 , Issue.8850 , pp. 919-923
    • Tomasek, L.1    Darby, S.C.2    Swerdlow, A.J.3    Placek, V.4    Kunz, E.5
  • 106
    • 0003545292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources and effects of ionizing radiation - Annex B: Exposures from natural radiation sources
    • UNSCEAR, Vienna, Austria, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, 156 p
    • UNSCEAR, 2000, Sources and effects of ionizing radiation - Annex B: Exposures from natural radiation sources, UNSCEAR 2000 Report Vol. I, Vienna, Austria, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, 156 p.
    • (2000) UNSCEAR 2000 Report , vol.1
  • 107
    • 27844600056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updated risk assessment for radon in indoor air, Tech. rep, Washington, D.C, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, URL, accessed March 31, 2006
    • U.S. EPA, 2006, Fact Sheet: Updated risk assessment for radon in indoor air, Tech. rep., Washington, D.C., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, URL http://www.epa.gov/iaq/radon/risk_assessment_factsheet.html, [accessed March 31, 2006].
    • (2006) Fact Sheet
    • EPA, U.S.1
  • 108
    • 34848861359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Navy, 2001, Radiation health protection manual, U.S. Navy NAVMED P-5055, Washington, D.C., Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, 68 p.
    • U.S. Navy, 2001, Radiation health protection manual, U.S. Navy NAVMED P-5055, Washington, D.C., Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, 68 p.
  • 109
    • 34848893908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standards for protection against radiation
    • Washington, D.C, U.S. Government
    • U.S. NRC, 2006, Standards for protection against radiation, in Code of Federal Regulations, 10 CFR Part 20, Washington, D.C., U.S. Government.
    • (2006) Code of Federal Regulations, 10 CFR , Issue.PART 20
    • NRC, U.S.1
  • 110
    • 0001667306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiation doses due to radon and progeny in Postojna Cave
    • Vaupotič, J., Dujmovič, P., and Kobal, I., 1998, Radiation doses due to radon and progeny in Postojna Cave: Acta Carsologica, v. XXVII, no. 1, p. 395-406.
    • (1998) Acta Carsologica , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 395-406
    • Vaupotič, J.1    Dujmovič, P.2    Kobal, I.3
  • 111
    • 0035144990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodology of radon monitoring and dose estimates in Postojna Cave, Slovenia
    • Vaupotič, J., Csige, I., Radolić, V., Hunyadi, I., Planinić, J., and Kobal, I., 2001, Methodology of radon monitoring and dose estimates in Postojna Cave, Slovenia: Health Physics, v. 80, no. 2, p. 142-147.
    • (2001) Health Physics , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 142-147
    • Vaupotič, J.1    Csige, I.2    Radolić, V.3    Hunyadi, I.4    Planinić, J.5    Kobal, I.6
  • 115
    • 34848919512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wrixon, A.D., Barraclough, I., and Clark, M.J., 2004, Radiation, People and the Environment: Booklet No. IAEA/PI/A.75/04-00391, Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Division of Public Information, Ford, J., ed., 81 p.
    • Wrixon, A.D., Barraclough, I., and Clark, M.J., 2004, Radiation, People and the Environment: Booklet No. IAEA/PI/A.75/04-00391, Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Division of Public Information, Ford, J., ed., 81 p.
  • 116
    • 13444260325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radon exposure and its health effects
    • Yanada, Y., 2003, Radon exposure and its health effects: Journal of Health Science, v. 49, no. 6, p. 417-422.
    • (2003) Journal of Health Science , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 417-422
    • Yanada, Y.1
  • 117
    • 34848839861 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of radiation produced by radon and thoron in natural caves administered by the National Park Service
    • Aley, T, and Rhodes, D, eds
    • Yarborough, K., 1976, Investigation of radiation produced by radon and thoron in natural caves administered by the National Park Service, in Aley, T., and Rhodes, D., eds., Proceedings of the National Cave Management Symposium: Albuquerque, N.M., Speleobooks, p. 59-69.
    • (1976) Proceedings of the National Cave Management Symposium: Albuquerque, N.M., Speleobooks , pp. 59-69
    • Yarborough, K.1
  • 119
    • 33646038559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of environmental radon hazard using human respiratory tract models
    • Yu, K.N., Lau, B.M.F., and Nikezic, D., 2006, Assessment of environmental radon hazard using human respiratory tract models: Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 132, p. 98-110.
    • (2006) Journal of Hazardous Materials , vol.132 , pp. 98-110
    • Yu, K.N.1    Lau, B.M.F.2    Nikezic, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.