메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 44, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 494-498

Recommendations for optimising the treatment of multiple sclerosis in Latin America;Recomendaciones para la optimización del tratamiento de la esclerosis múltiple en Latinoamérica

Author keywords

Immunomodulators; Mitoxantrone; Multiple sclerosis; Neutralising antibodies; Therapeutic failure; Treatment

Indexed keywords

BETA1A INTERFERON; GLATIRAMER; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; INTERFERON BETA SERINE; MITOXANTRONE; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTOR;

EID: 34848844702     PISSN: 02100010     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.33588/rn.4408.2006466     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (3)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0029913882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: Results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis
    • Lublin FD, Reingold SC. Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology 1996; 46: 907-11.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , pp. 907-911
    • Lublin, F.D.1    Reingold, S.C.2
  • 2
    • 0035321573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the world: An update
    • Rosati G. The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the world: an update. Neurol Sci 2001; 22: 117-39.
    • (2001) Neurol Sci , vol.22 , pp. 117-139
    • Rosati, G.1
  • 4
    • 0034955141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
    • McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, Goodkin D, Hartung HP, Lublin F, et al. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001; 50: 121-7.
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.50 , pp. 121-127
    • McDonald, W.I.1    Compston, A.2    Edan, G.3    Goodkin, D.4    Hartung, H.P.5    Lublin, F.6
  • 6
    • 0035677902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential diagnosis in multiple sclerosis
    • Gasperini C. Differential diagnosis in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2001; 22: S93-7.
    • (2001) Neurol Sci , vol.22
    • Gasperini, C.1
  • 7
    • 17444424938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Part I: Natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis
    • Miller D, Barkhof F, Montalbán X, Thompson A, Filippi M. Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Part I: natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis. Lancet Neurol 2005; 4: 281-8.
    • (2005) Lancet Neurol , vol.4 , pp. 281-288
    • Miller, D.1    Barkhof, F.2    Montalbán, X.3    Thompson, A.4    Filippi, M.5
  • 8
    • 10744223596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The utility of MRI in suspected MS: Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Frohman EM, Goodin DS, Calabresi PA, Corboy JR, Coyle PK, Filippi M, et al. The utility of MRI in suspected MS: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2003; 61: 602-11.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 602-611
    • Frohman, E.M.1    Goodin, D.S.2    Calabresi, P.A.3    Corboy, J.R.4    Coyle, P.K.5    Filippi, M.6
  • 9
    • 0030832846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of MRI criteria at first presentation to predict conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis
    • Barkhof F, Filippi M, Miller DH, Scheltens P, Campi A, Polman CH, et al. Comparison of MRI criteria at first presentation to predict conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis. Brain 1997; 120: 2059-69.
    • (1997) Brain , vol.120 , pp. 2059-2069
    • Barkhof, F.1    Filippi, M.2    Miller, D.H.3    Scheltens, P.4    Campi, A.5    Polman, C.H.6
  • 10
    • 0034075237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolated demyelinating syndromes: Comparison of different MR imaging criteria to predict conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis
    • Tintoré M, Rovira A, Martínez MJ, Río J, Díaz-Villoslada P, Brieva L, et al. Isolated demyelinating syndromes: comparison of different MR imaging criteria to predict conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21: 702-6.
    • (2000) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.21 , pp. 702-706
    • Tintoré, M.1    Rovira, A.2    Martínez, M.J.3    Río, J.4    Díaz-Villoslada, P.5    Brieva, L.6
  • 11
    • 19344367787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Part II: Non-conventional MRI, recovery processes and management
    • Miller D, Barkhof F, Montalbán X, Thompson A, Filippi M. Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Part II: non-conventional MRI, recovery processes and management. Lancet Neurol 2005; 4: 341-8.
    • (2005) Lancet Neurol , vol.4 , pp. 341-348
    • Miller, D.1    Barkhof, F.2    Montalbán, X.3    Thompson, A.4    Filippi, M.5
  • 12
    • 0031882301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prognostic value of brain MRI in clinically isolated syndromes of the CNS. A 10-years follow-up
    • O'Riordan JI, Thompson AJ, Kingsley DP, MacManus DG, Kendall BE, Rudge P, et al. The prognostic value of brain MRI in clinically isolated syndromes of the CNS. A 10-years follow-up. Brain 1998; 121: 495-503.
    • (1998) Brain , vol.121 , pp. 495-503
    • O'Riordan, J.I.1    Thompson, A.J.2    Kingsley, D.P.3    MacManus, D.G.4    Kendall, B.E.5    Rudge, P.6
  • 13
    • 0027537209 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic factors in a multiple sclerosis incidence cohort with twenty-five years of follow-up
    • Runmarker B, Andersen O. Prognostic factors in a multiple sclerosis incidence cohort with twenty-five years of follow-up. Brain 1993; 116: 117-34.
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , pp. 117-134
    • Runmarker, B.1    Andersen, O.2
  • 14
    • 0035214866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolated demyelinating syndromes: Comparison of CSF ologoclonal bands and different MR imaging criteria to predict conversion to CDMS
    • Tintoré M, Riovira A, Brieva L, Grive E, Jardí R, Borrás C, et al. Isolated demyelinating syndromes: comparison of CSF ologoclonal bands and different MR imaging criteria to predict conversion to CDMS. Mult Scler 2001; 7: 359-63.
    • (2001) Mult Scler , vol.7 , pp. 359-363
    • Tintoré, M.1    Riovira, A.2    Brieva, L.3    Grive, E.4    Jardí, R.5    Borrás, C.6
  • 15
    • 0034624931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice parameter: The usefulness of evoked potentials in identifying clinically silent lesions in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Gronsett GS, Ashman EJ. Practice parameter: the usefulness of evoked potentials in identifying clinically silent lesions in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2000; 54: 1720-5.
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.54 , pp. 1720-1725
    • Gronsett, G.S.1    Ashman, E.J.2
  • 16
    • 29444460608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Betaferon in Newly Emerging Multiple Sclerosis for Initial Treatment (BENEFIT): Clinical results [abstract]
    • Kappos L, Polman C, Freedman MS, Edan GC, Hartung HP, Millar X, et al. Betaferon in Newly Emerging Multiple Sclerosis for Initial Treatment (BENEFIT): clinical results [abstract]. Mult Scler 2005; 11: S10.
    • (2005) Mult Scler , vol.11
    • Kappos, L.1    Polman, C.2    Freedman, M.S.3    Edan, G.C.4    Hartung, H.P.5    Millar, X.6
  • 17
    • 0034727059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis. CHAMPS Study Group
    • Jacobs LD, Beck RW, Simon JH, Kinkel RP, Brownscheidle CM, Murray TJ, et al. Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis. CHAMPS Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 898-904.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 898-904
    • Jacobs, L.D.1    Beck, R.W.2    Simon, J.H.3    Kinkel, R.P.4    Brownscheidle, C.M.5    Murray, T.J.6
  • 18
    • 0035912520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of early interferon treatment on conversion to definite multiple sclerosis: A randomized study
    • Comi G, Filippi M, Barkhof F, Durelli L, Edan G, Fernández O, et al. Effect of early interferon treatment on conversion to definite multiple sclerosis: a randomized study. Lancet 2001; 357: 1576-82.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 1576-1582
    • Comi, G.1    Filippi, M.2    Barkhof, F.3    Durelli, L.4    Edan, G.5    Fernández, O.6
  • 19
    • 0035849496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of interferon-beta-1a in secondary progressive MS: Clinical results
    • Secondary Progressive Efficacy Clinical Trial of Recombinant Interferon beta-1a in MS (SPECTRIMS) Study Group
    • Secondary Progressive Efficacy Clinical Trial of Recombinant Interferon beta-1a in MS (SPECTRIMS) Study Group. Randomized controlled trial of interferon-beta-1a in secondary progressive MS: clinical results. Neurology 2001; 56: 1496-504.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 1496-1504
  • 21
    • 0032494792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled multicentre randomised trial of interferon β-1b in treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
    • European Study Group on Interferon β-1b in Secondary Progressive MS
    • European Study Group on Interferon β-1b in Secondary Progressive MS. Placebo-controlled multicentre randomised trial of interferon β-1b in treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1998; 352: 1491-7.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 1491-1497
  • 22
    • 8844222623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American Study Group on Interferon beta-1b in Secondary Progressive MS. Interferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MS: Results from a 3-year controlled study
    • Panitch H, Miller A, Paty D, Weinshenker B. North American Study Group on Interferon beta-1b in Secondary Progressive MS. Interferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MS: results from a 3-year controlled study. Neurology 2004; 63: 1788-95.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 1788-1795
    • Panitch, H.1    Miller, A.2    Paty, D.3    Weinshenker, B.4
  • 23
    • 8844278988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does interferon beta help in secondary progressive MS? [editorial]
    • Does interferon beta help in secondary progressive MS? [editorial]. Neurology 2004; 63: 1768-9.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 1768-1769
  • 24
    • 0008678962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intramuscular interferon beta-1a for disease progression in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group (MSCRG)
    • Jacobs LD, Cookfair DL, Rudick RA, Herndon RM, Richert JR, Salazar AM, et al. Intramuscular interferon beta-1a for disease progression in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group (MSCRG). Ann Neurol 1996; 39: 285-94.
    • (1996) Ann Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 285-294
    • Jacobs, L.D.1    Cookfair, D.L.2    Rudick, R.A.3    Herndon, R.M.4    Richert, J.R.5    Salazar, A.M.6
  • 25
    • 0345601517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon β-1a in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis
    • PRISMS Study Group
    • PRISMS Study Group. Randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon β-1a in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1998; 352: 1498-504.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 1498-1504
  • 26
    • 0027418515 scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. I. Clinical results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • IFNB Multiple Sclerosis Study Group
    • IFNB Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Interferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. I. Clinical results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology 1993; 43: 655-61.
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 655-661
  • 27
    • 0029082566 scopus 로고
    • Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Results of a phase III multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Copolymer 1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group
    • Johnson KP, Brooks BR, Cohen JA, Ford CC, Goldstein J, Lisak RP, et al. Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results of a phase III multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Copolymer 1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Neurology 1995; 45: 1268-76.
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 1268-1276
    • Johnson, K.P.1    Brooks, B.R.2    Cohen, J.A.3    Ford, C.C.4    Goldstein, J.5    Lisak, R.P.6
  • 28
    • 0031002545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal damage in acute multiple sclerosis lesions
    • Ferguson B, Matyszak MK, Esiri MM, Perry VH. Axonal damage in acute multiple sclerosis lesions. Brain 1997; 120: 393-9.
    • (1997) Brain , vol.120 , pp. 393-399
    • Ferguson, B.1    Matyszak, M.K.2    Esiri, M.M.3    Perry, V.H.4
  • 32
    • 33645100122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CHAMPIONS Study Group. IM interferon beta-1a delays definite multiple sclerosis 5 years after a first demyelinating event
    • Mar 14;
    • Kinkel RP, Kollman C, O'Connor P, Murray TJ, Simon J, Arnold D, et al. CHAMPIONS Study Group. IM interferon beta-1a delays definite multiple sclerosis 5 years after a first demyelinating event. Neurology 2006 Mar 14; 66: 678-84.
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , pp. 678-684
    • Kinkel, R.P.1    Kollman, C.2    O'Connor, P.3    Murray, T.J.4    Simon, J.5    Arnold, D.6
  • 34
    • 0842330009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment optimization in multiple sclerosis: Report of an international consensus meeting
    • International Working Group for Treatment Optimization in MS
    • International Working Group for Treatment Optimization in MS. Treatment optimization in multiple sclerosis: report of an international consensus meeting. Eur J Neurol 2004; 11: 43-7.
    • (2004) Eur J Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 43-47
  • 35
    • 0035091667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European/Canadian Glatiramer Acetate Study Group. European/Canadian multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of glatiramer acetate on magnetic resonance imaging: Measured disease activity and burden in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • Comi G, Filippi M,Wolinsky JS, European/Canadian Glatiramer Acetate Study Group. European/Canadian multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of glatiramer acetate on magnetic resonance imaging: measured disease activity and burden in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001; 49: 290-7.
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 290-297
    • Comi, G.1    Filippi, M.2    Wolinsky, J.S.3
  • 36
    • 0037180479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized comparative study of interferon beta-1a treatment regimens in MS: The EVIDENCE Trial
    • Panitch H, Goodin DS, Francis G, Chang P, Coyle PK, O'Connor P, et al. Randomized comparative study of interferon beta-1a treatment regimens in MS: the EVIDENCE Trial. Neurology 2002; 59: 1496-506.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 1496-1506
    • Panitch, H.1    Goodin, D.S.2    Francis, G.3    Chang, P.4    Coyle, P.K.5    O'Connor, P.6
  • 37
    • 0037181634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Every-other-day interferon beta-1b versus once-weekly interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis: Results of a 2-year prospective randomised multicentre study (INCOMIN)
    • Durelli L, Verdun E, Barbero P, Bergui M, Versino E, Ghezzi A, et al. Every-other-day interferon beta-1b versus once-weekly interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis: results of a 2-year prospective randomised multicentre study (INCOMIN). Lancet 2002; 359: 1453-60.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1453-1460
    • Durelli, L.1    Verdun, E.2    Barbero, P.3    Bergui, M.4    Versino, E.5    Ghezzi, A.6
  • 38
    • 20844456591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EVIDENCE (Evidence of Interferon Dose-Response: European North American Comparative Efficacy) Study Group. University of British Columbia MS/MRI Research Group. Enhanced benefit of increasing interferon beta-1a dose and frequency in relapsing multiple sclerosis: the EVIDENCE Study
    • Schwid SR, Thorpe J, Sharief M, Sandberg-Wollheim M, Rammohan K, Wendt J, et al, EVIDENCE (Evidence of Interferon Dose-Response: European North American Comparative Efficacy) Study Group. University of British Columbia MS/MRI Research Group. Enhanced benefit of increasing interferon beta-1a dose and frequency in relapsing multiple sclerosis: the EVIDENCE Study. Arch Neurol 2005; 62: 785-92.
    • (2005) Arch Neurol , vol.62 , pp. 785-792
    • Schwid, S.R.1    Thorpe, J.2    Sharief, M.3    Sandberg-Wollheim, M.4    Rammohan, K.5    Wendt, J.6
  • 39
    • 0037167526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential mechanisms of action of interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate in MS
    • Yong VW. Differential mechanisms of action of interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate in MS. Neurology 2002; 59: 802-8.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 802-808
    • Yong, V.W.1
  • 40
    • 0037161237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of interferons and glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis
    • Dhib-Jalbut S. Mechanisms of action of interferons and glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2002; 58: S3-9.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58
    • Dhib-Jalbut, S.1
  • 41
    • 0033981574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of interferon beta-1b in MS: Assessment of annual accumulation of PD/T2 activity on MRI. UBC MS/MRI Analysis Group and the MS Study Group
    • Zhao GJ, Koopmans RA, Li DK, Bedell L, Paty DW. Effect of interferon beta-1b in MS: assessment of annual accumulation of PD/T2 activity on MRI. UBC MS/MRI Analysis Group and the MS Study Group. Neurology 2002; 54: 200-6.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.54 , pp. 200-206
    • Zhao, G.J.1    Koopmans, R.A.2    Li, D.K.3    Bedell, L.4    Paty, D.W.5
  • 42
    • 3042787732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dose, frequently administered interferon beta therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis must be maintained over the long term: The interferon beta dose-reduction study
    • Barbero P, Verdun E, Bergui M, Pipieri A, Clerico M, Cucci A, et al. High-dose, frequently administered interferon beta therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis must be maintained over the long term: the interferon beta dose-reduction study. J Neurol Sci 2004; 222: 13-9.
    • (2004) J Neurol Sci , vol.222 , pp. 13-19
    • Barbero, P.1    Verdun, E.2    Bergui, M.3    Pipieri, A.4    Clerico, M.5    Cucci, A.6
  • 43
    • 22044436956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRISMS Study Group. Interferon beta-1a in MS: Results following development of neutralizing antibodies in PRISMS
    • Francis GS, Rice GP, Alsop JC, PRISMS Study Group. Interferon beta-1a in MS: results following development of neutralizing antibodies in PRISMS. Neurology 2005; 65: 48-55.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 48-55
    • Francis, G.S.1    Rice, G.P.2    Alsop, J.C.3
  • 44
    • 22044450811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Interferon Beta-1a IM Dose-Comparison Study Investigators. Neutralizing antibodies and efficacy of interferon beta-1a: A 4-year controlled study
    • Kappos L, Clanet M, Sandberg-Wollheim M, Radue EW, Hartung HP, Holfeld R, et al, European Interferon Beta-1a IM Dose-Comparison Study Investigators. Neutralizing antibodies and efficacy of interferon beta-1a: a 4-year controlled study. Neurology 2005; 65: 40-7.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 40-47
    • Kappos, L.1    Clanet, M.2    Sandberg-Wollheim, M.3    Radue, E.W.4    Hartung, H.P.5    Holfeld, R.6
  • 45
    • 22044443325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutralizing anti-IFN-beta antibodies: How much more evidence do we need to use them in practice?
    • Giovannoni G, Goodman A. Neutralizing anti-IFN-beta antibodies: how much more evidence do we need to use them in practice? Neurology 2005; 65: 6-8.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 6-8
    • Giovannoni, G.1    Goodman, A.2
  • 46
    • 37249093258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avonex® (interferon beta-1a) package insert. Biogen Inc; 02/03
    • Avonex® (interferon beta-1a) package insert. Biogen Inc; 02/03.
  • 47
    • 37249052519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Betaseron® (interferon beta-1b) package insert. Berlex Laboratories; 04/03
    • Betaseron® (interferon beta-1b) package insert. Berlex Laboratories; 04/03.
  • 48
    • 37249060940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Copaxone® (glatiramer acetate injection) package insert. Teva Neuroscience Inc; 01/02
    • Copaxone® (glatiramer acetate injection) package insert. Teva Neuroscience Inc; 01/02.
  • 49
    • 37249092250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rebif® (interferon beta-1a) package insert. Serono Inc; June 2003
    • Rebif® (interferon beta-1a) package insert. Serono Inc; June 2003.
  • 50
    • 16244368038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galetta SL, Markowitz C. US FDA-approved disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis: review of adverse effect profiles. CNS Drugs 2005; 19: 239-52.
    • Galetta SL, Markowitz C. US FDA-approved disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis: review of adverse effect profiles. CNS Drugs 2005; 19: 239-52.
  • 51
    • 10944261736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current approved options for treating patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Rizvi SA, Agius MA. Current approved options for treating patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2004; 63; S8-14.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63
    • Rizvi, S.A.1    Agius, M.A.2
  • 52
    • 10944233139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitoxantrone treatment of multiple sclerosis: Safety considerations
    • Cohen BA, Mikol DD. Mitoxantrone treatment of multiple sclerosis: safety considerations. Neurology 2004; 63: S28-32.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63
    • Cohen, B.A.1    Mikol, D.D.2
  • 53
    • 10944269736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitoxantrone for multiple sclerosis in clinical practice
    • Rizvi SA, Zwibel H, Fox EJ. Mitoxantrone for multiple sclerosis in clinical practice. Neurology 2004; 63: S25-7.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63
    • Rizvi, S.A.1    Zwibel, H.2    Fox, E.J.3
  • 54
    • 10944258663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of mitoxantrone in the treatment of multiple sclerosis
    • Jeffrey DR, Herndon R. Review of mitoxantrone in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2004; 63: S19-24.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63
    • Jeffrey, D.R.1    Herndon, R.2
  • 55
    • 17044391471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitoxantrone as rescue therapy in worsening relapsing-remitting MS patients receiving IFN-beta
    • Correale J, Rush C, Amengual A, Goicochea MT. Mitoxantrone as rescue therapy in worsening relapsing-remitting MS patients receiving IFN-beta. J Neuroimmunol 2005; 162: 173-83.
    • (2005) J Neuroimmunol , vol.162 , pp. 173-183
    • Correale, J.1    Rush, C.2    Amengual, A.3    Goicochea, M.T.4
  • 56
    • 0037153729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitoxantrone in Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (MIMS). Mitoxantrone in progressive multiple sclerosis: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial
    • Hartung HP, Gonsette R, Konig N, Kwiecinski H, Guseo A, Morrisey SP, et al, Mitoxantrone in Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (MIMS). Mitoxantrone in progressive multiple sclerosis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 2018-25.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 2018-2025
    • Hartung, H.P.1    Gonsette, R.2    Konig, N.3    Kwiecinski, H.4    Guseo, A.5    Morrisey, S.P.6
  • 57
    • 0031040238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effect of mitoxantrone combined with methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: A randomised multicentre study of active disease using MRI and clinical criteria
    • Edan G, Miller D, Clanet M, Confavreux C, Lyon-Caen O, Lubetzki C, et al. Therapeutic effect of mitoxantrone combined with methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: a randomised multicentre study of active disease using MRI and clinical criteria. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997; 62: 112-8.
    • (1997) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 112-118
    • Edan, G.1    Miller, D.2    Clanet, M.3    Confavreux, C.4    Lyon-Caen, O.5    Lubetzki, C.6
  • 59
    • 37249084268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Medicines Agency, medicinal products. URL:, 20.12
    • European Medicines Agency. Guideline on similar biological medicinal products. URL: http://www.emea.eu.int/pdfs/human/biosimilar/ewp/309702en.pdf. [20.12.2004].
    • (2004) Guideline on similar biological
  • 61
    • 3342969278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When biotech proteins go off-patent
    • Schellekens H. When biotech proteins go off-patent. Trends Biotechnol 2004; 22: 406-10.
    • (2004) Trends Biotechnol , vol.22 , pp. 406-410
    • Schellekens, H.1
  • 62
    • 21444442363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biosimilar epoetins: An analysis based on recently implemented European medicines evaluation agency guidelines on comparability of biopharmaceutical proteins
    • Combe C, Tredree RL, Schellekens H. Biosimilar epoetins: an analysis based on recently implemented European medicines evaluation agency guidelines on comparability of biopharmaceutical proteins. Pharmacotherapy 2005; 25: 954-62.
    • (2005) Pharmacotherapy , vol.25 , pp. 954-962
    • Combe, C.1    Tredree, R.L.2    Schellekens, H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.