Are we failing vulnerable workers? the case of black women in poultry processing in rural North Carolina

New Solutions

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 17-40

  Lipscomb, H J ^a   Mcdonald, M A ^b   Dement, J M ^b   Schoenfisch, A L ^b   Epling, C A ^b  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; ANIMAL; ARM; ARTICLE; ECONOMICS; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; FOOD INDUSTRY; HEALTH; HUMAN; INJURY; INTERVIEW; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE; OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE; POULTRY; POVERTY; QUESTIONNAIRE; SAFETY; STANDARD; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES; VULNERABLE POPULATION; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICANS; ANIMALS; FEMALE; FOOD-PROCESSING INDUSTRY; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES; NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH; NORTH CAROLINA; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES; POULTRY; POVERTY AREAS; QUESTIONNAIRES; RURAL HEALTH; SAFETY; UNITED STATES; UPPER EXTREMITY; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

EID: 34848825046     PISSN: 10482911     EISSN: 15413772     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2190/d410-2km2-51r2-08hm     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. L. Fink, The Maya of Morganton, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
2. D. Griffith, Jone’s Minimal: Low-Wage Labor in the United States. SUNY Series in Anthropology of Work, June Nash (ed.), State University of New York Press, p. 90, 1993.
3. B. Hall, I feel what women feel, Southern Exposure, pp. 30-33, Summer 1989.
4. T. J. Armstrong, J. A. Foulke, B. S. Joseph, et al. Investigation of cumulative trauma disorders in a poultry processing plant, American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 43, pp. 103-116, 1982.
5. D. S. Campbell, Health hazards in the meatpacking industry, Occupational Medicine:State of the Art Reviews, 14(2), pp. 351-372, 1999.
6. V. L. Young, M. K. Seaton, C. A. Feely, et al. Detecting cumulative trauma disorders in workers performing repetitive tasks, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 27, pp. 419-431, 1995.
7. B. S. Joseph and D. S. Bloswick, Occupational hand and upper extremity injuries and diseases, M. L. Kasdan (ed.), Philadelphia: Hanley and Belfus, pp. 539-567, 1991.
8. C. Stuart-Buttle, A discomfort survey in a poultry-processing plant, Applied Ergonomics, 25(1), pp. 47-52, 1994.
9. S. Kiken, W. Stringer, L. Fine, T. Sinks, and S. Tanaka, Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-89-307-2009, Perdue Farms, Inc., Lewiston, North Carolina, Robersonville, North Carolina. DHHS, NIOSH, 1990.
10. A. Yassi, J. Sprout, and R. Tate, Upper limb repetitive strain injuries in Manitoba, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 30(4), pp. 461-472, 1996.
11. G. Anthan, Shameful exploitation of poultry workers, Gannet News Service, Sept 16, 1991-available in LEXIS, News Library, GNS file.
12. M. Linder, I gave my employer a chicken that had no bone: Joint firm-state responsibility for line-speed-related occupational injuries, Case Western Law Review, 46(1), pp. 33-143, 1995.
13. H. J. Lipscomb, R. A. Argue, M. A. McDonald, J. M. Dement, C. A. Epling, T. James, S. Wing, and D. Loomis, Exploration of work and health disparities among black women employed in poultry processing in the rural South, Environmental Health Perspectives, 113(12), pp. 1833-1840, 2005.
14. North Carolina Department of Labor. Division of Occupational Safety and Health. Inspection Number 018526087, 1989.
15. U.S. Census Bureau, State and County QuickFacts for North Carolina. Accessed:February 19, 2004 http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/37000.html.
16. U.S. Census Bureau, Population, Housing Units, Area and Density 2000 for: North Carolina (Bertie, Halifax, Hertford, Martin, Northampton) County. Accessed:February 19, 2004 http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm+y&-geo_id+04000US37&-_ box_head.
17. U.S. Census Bureau, Highlights from the Census 2000 Demographics Profiles for:(Bertie, Halifax, Hertford, Martin, Northampton) County, North Carolina. Accessed:February 19, 2004 http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=05000US37083.
18. Human Rights Watch. Unfair advantage: workers’ freedom of association in the United States under International Human Rights Standards. New York: Human Rights Watch, 2000. Accessed: February 23, 2004. http://www.hrw.org/reports/2000uslabor/USLBR008-07.htm.
19. E. Viikari-Juntura, Exam protocol developed for the Safety and Health Assessment and Research Program (SHARP) upper extremity musculoskeletal study, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, 2000.
20. D. M. Fetterman, Ethnography: Step by step. In: Applied Social Research Methods Series, D. J. Rog (ed.), Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1998.
21. M. Q. Patton, Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, Newbury Park: Sage Publications, 2002.
22. P. R. Ulin, E. T. Robinson, and E. E. Tolley, Qualitative Methods in Public Health:A Field Guide for Applied Research, San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass, 2005.
23. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Symptom questionnaire developed for the Research Program for the Prevention of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders, Cincinnati, OH, 2000.
24. J. N. Katz, C. R. Stirrat, M. G. Larson, A. H. Fossel, H. M. Eaton, and M. H. Liang, A self-administered hand symptom diagram for the diagnosis and epidemiologic study of carpal tunnel syndrome, Journal of Rheumatology, 17(11), pp. 1495-1498, 1990.
25. G. Pransky, M. Feuerstein, J. Himmelstein, J. N. Katz, and M. Vickers-Lahti, Measuring functional outcomes in work-related upper extremity disorders, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 39(12), pp. 1195-1202, 1997.
26. J. Ware, M. Kosinski, and S. D. Keller, A 12-item short-form health survey: Construction and scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity, Medical Care, 34(3), pp. 220-233, 1996.
27. J. K. Sluiter, K. M. Rest, and M. H. Frings-Dresen, Criteria document for evaluating the work-relatedness of upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders, Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environmental Health, 27(1), pp. 1-102, 2001.
28. K. Palmer, K. Walker-Bone, C. Linaker, I. Reading, S. Kellingray, D. Coggon, and C. Cooper, The Southampton examination schedule for the diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb, Annals of Rheumatic Diseases, 59(1), pp. 5-11, 2000.
29. R. A. Karasek, Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign, Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, pp. 285-308, 1979.
30. R. Karasek, C. Brisson, N. Kawakami, and B. Amick, The job content questionnaire (JCQ): An instrument for internationally comparative assessments of psychosocial job characteristics, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4, pp. 322-355, 1998.
31. L. S. Radloff, The CES-D: A self-report depression scale for research on the general population, Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, pp. 385-401, 1977.
32. H. T. Nguyen, M. Kitner-Triolo, M. K. Evans, and A. B. Zanderman, Factorial invariance of CES-D in low socioeconomic status African-Americans compared with a nationally representative sample, Psychiatry Research, 126, pp. 177-187, 2004.
33. D. K. Miller, T. K. Malmstrom, S. Joshi, E. M. Andresen, J. E. Morley, and F. D. Wolinsk, Clinically relevant levels of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling middle aged African Americans, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(5), pp. 741-748, 2004.
34. T. Skov, J. Deddens, M. R. Petersen, and L. Endahl, Prevalence proportion ratios:Estimation and hypothesis testing, International Journal of Epidemiology, 27, pp. 91-95, 1998.
35. S. Wacholder, Binomial regression in GLIM: Estimating risk ratios and risk differences, American Journal of Epidemiology, 123, pp. 174-183, 1986.
36. Microsoft. ACCESS 97. Version 4.0. Seattle, WA: Microsoft, 1997.
37. SAS Institute, Inc. The SAS System, Version 8.2. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc., 1999-2001.
38. D. Spiegelman and E. Hertzmark, Invited Editorial. Easy SAS calculations for risk or prevalence ratios and differences, American Journal of Epidemiology, 162, pp. 199-200, 2005.
39. H. J. Lipscomb, C. A. Epling, L. A. Pompeii, and J. M. Dement, Musculoskeletal symptoms among poultry processing workers and a community comparison group:Black women in low-wage jobs in the rural South, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2007 In press.
40. R. V. Burkhauser, J. S. Butler, and K. Yang Woo, The importance of employer accommodation on the job and duration of workers with disabilities: A hazard model approach, Labour Economics, 2(2), pp. 109-130, 1995.
41. M. C. Daly and J. Bound, Worker adaptation and employer accommodation following the onset of a health impairment, Journals of Gerontology Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 51(2), pp. S53-60, 1995.
42. D. P. Loomis, D. B. Richardson, S. H. Wolf, C. W. Runyan, and J. D. Butts, Fatal occupational injuries in a Southern State, American Journal of Epidemiology, 145(13), pp. 1069-1099, 1997.
43. North Carolina Department of Labor, NC Labor Ledger, Safety Awards, p. 4, Aug/Sept 2003.
44. U.S. Dept of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Speeches (archived) April 23, 1998, Assistant Secretary of Labor (Charles Jeffress) before the National Coalition on Ergonomics, Washington, D.C. Accessed: December 27, 2005 http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=SPEECHES& p_id=212.
45. Meat Processing Magazine. Safety Record Set. Web posted: April 25, 2003. North American Editorial Director: Bryan Salvage. Accessed: July 31, 2006 http://www.meatnews.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=article&artNum=5266.
46. J. Nowell, A chicken in every pot: At what price? New Solutions, 10(4), pp. 325-338, 2000.
47. S. A. Quandt, J. G. Grzywacz, A. Marin, L. Carrillo, M. L. Coates, B. Burke, and T. A. Arcury, Illnesses and injuries reported by Latino poultry workers in western North Carolina, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 49, pp. 343-351, 2006.
48. K. D. Rosenman, A. Kalush, M. J. Reilly, J. C. Gardiner, M. Reeves, and Z. Luo, How much work-related injury and illness is missed by the current national surveillance system? Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 48(4), pp. 357-365, 2006.
49. H. S. Shannon, and G. S. Lowe, How many injured workers do not file claims for workers’ compensation benefits? American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 42, pp. 467-473, 2003.
50. G. Pransky, T. Snyder, A. Dembe, and J. Himmelstein, Under-reporting of workrelated disorders in the workplace: A case study and review of the literature, Ergonomics, 42(1), pp. 171-182, 1999.
51. U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Statistics and Data: Inspection Data, Accessed: September 11, 2006, http://www.osha.gov/oshstats.index.html.
52. U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA’s Ergonomic Enforcement Plan, Accessed: September 14, 2006, http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics//enforcement_plan.html.
53. U.S. Government Accountability Office, Workplace safety and health: Safety in the meat and poultry industry, while improving, could be further strengthened GAO-05-96, Washington, D.C., 2005.
54. P. J. Leigh, J. P. Marcin, and T. R. Miller, An estimate of the U.S. government’s undercount of nonfatal occupational injuries, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 46, pp. 10-17, 2004.
55. U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Guidelines for poultry processing: Ergonomics for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders OSHA 3213-09N, 2004.
56. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Federal Register, Poultry products inspection regulations, 9 CFR Part 381, Revised as of January 1, 2006.
57. R. Behar and M. Kramer, “Something smells fowl.” Time, 114, October 17, 1994.
58. Consumers Union, “Chicken: What you don’t know can hurt you,” Consumer Reports Magazine, pp. 12-18, March 1998.
59. Consumers Union, “Of birds and bacteria,” Consumer Reports Magazine, 68(1), pp. 24-28, January 2003.
60. W. S. Powell, North Carolina: A History, Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press, 1988.
61. M. Quinlan, C. Mayhew, and P. Bohle, The global expansion of precarious employment, work, disorganization, and consequences for occupational health: A review of recent research, International Journal of Health Services, 31, pp. 335-414, 2001.
62. H. J. Lipscomb, D. P. Loomis, M. A. McDonald, R. Argue, and S. Wing, A conceptual model of work and health disparities in the United States, International Journal of Health Services Research, 36(1), pp. 25-50, 2006.